scholarly journals Neue und wiederentdeckte Griffzungendolche mit Ringabschluss. Die Verbreitung einer spätbronzezeitlichen Innovation in Mitteleuropa / New and rediscovered tanged daggers with ring-shaped handle tip. The spread of a Late Bronze Age innovation in Central Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-71
Author(s):  
Eszter Fejér ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Unknown Function ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Carpathian Basin ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Cultural Interaction ◽  
Bone Fragments

The paper presents a Late Bronze Age bronze tanged dagger with a ring-shaped handle tip, which was discovered during an excavation in Süttő-Sáncföldek (Hungary) in 2018. The intact object was found inside a large feature of unknown function together with some other bronze items and hundreds of ceramic, stone and bone fragments. The material can be dated to the period of the Late Tumulus and Early Urnfield cultures. Similar daggers from Europe have been collected and their typology has been revisited in the article. They are known mainly from Moravia and the Carpathian Basin. In particular, the innovation of adding a ring at the end of the daggers has been investigated, together with the distribution of other artifacts sharing the same feature. It has been pointed out that although the tanged daggers with ring were produced in separate workshops, they reflect on an intensive cultural interaction between the Eastern Alps, Moravia and the inner territories of the Carpathian Basin during the Br D and Ha A1 periods.

Art and Iconography

2019 ◽  
pp. 348-369
Author(s):  
Eric Gubel
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Cultural Interaction ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Complex Patterns

Rooted in Late Bronze Age Levantine traditions, Phoenician art emerges in the early first millennium bce, spiced with new elements adopted and adapted from contemporary Egyptian models, while also permeable to influence from artistic trends popular with neighboring cultures and overseas recipients of Phoenician luxurious exports. During its acme between the late ninth and early seventh centuries bce, the art shared a common repertoire of motifs among sculptors, metalsmiths, ivory carvers, and seal cutters in a predominantly Egyptianizing style. Mass-produced terracotta plaques, figurines, and the minor arts displayed a more diversified array of autochthonous characteristics. In line with the evolution of sculpture, the Cypriot component was definitely replaced by Greek idioms from the later sixth century bce onward. If Punic art cannot possibly be defined as a mere perpetuation of the Phoenician production, and was impacted by more complex patterns of cultural interaction (e.g. North Africa, Iberia), the latter’s heritage is undeniable in many artistic media.

Holocene evolution of closed depressions and its relation to landscape dynamics in the loess areas of Poland

The Holocene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Kołodyńska-Gawrysiak
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Landscape Dynamics ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Atlantic Period

Past Pleistocene topography of the loess uplands is rich in local sinks (closed depressions (CDs)) influencing sediment fluxes. Soil-sediment sequences from CDs constituting geoarchives where landscape changes under natural and anthropogenic conditions have been recorded. Pedo-sedimentary archives from 10 CDs in the Polish loess belt and human settlements were analysed. Phases of the Holocene evolution of the CDs were correlated with landscape dynamics in loess areas in Poland and Central Europe. Phases of infilling of CDs occurring (2) from the late Boreal/early Atlantic Period until the (middle) late Bronze Age/early Iron Age and (4) since the early Middle Ages until today were documented. These were phases of long-term soil erosion and colluviation corresponding to the increasing agricultural land use of Polish loess uplands. Phases of soil formation related to geomorphic stabilization of CDs occurred (1) from the late Vistulian until the late Boreal/early Atlantic Period and (3) from the late Bronze Age/early Iron Age until the early/high Middle Ages. These were phases of decreased soil erosion and landform conservation in a considerable part of Poland’s loess areas. Pedo-sedimentary archives from the CDs have recorded soil erosion strongly related with human-induced land-use changes. The mean soil erosion rate in the catchment of CDs was 0.33 t·ha−1·yr−1 during prehistory and 4.0 t·ha−1·yr−1 during the last approximately 1000 years. Phases of CD evolution are representative for the main phases of sediment and landscape dynamics in Poland’s loess areas recorded in various archives, and are not synchronous with some of these phases in Central Europe.

scholarly journals Prehistoric copper from the Eastern Alps

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Lutz ◽  
Ernst Pernicka
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Metal Artifacts ◽  
Metal Artefacts

The rich copper ore deposits in the Eastern Alps have long been considered as important sources for copper in prehistoric Central Europe. It is, however, not so clear which role each deposit played. To evaluate the amount of prehistoric copper production of the various mining regions it was attempted to link prehistoric metal artefacts with copper ores based on the geochemical characteristics of the ore deposits that have been exploited in ancient times. More than 120 ore samples from the well known mining districts Mitterberg, Viehhofen, Kitzbühel and Schwaz/Brixlegg have been analysed so far (lead isotope ratios, trace elements). Furthermore, about 730 archaeological copper/bronze artifacts were investigated and analysed. These results were combined with analytical data generated by previous archaeometallurgical projects in order to compile a substantial database for comparative studies. In the Early Bronze Age, most metal artifacts were made of copper or bronze with fahlore impurity patterns and most finds from this period match excellently the fahlore deposits in Schwaz and Brixlegg. At the end of the Early Bronze Age, a new variety of copper with lower concentrations of impurities appeared. The impurity patterns of these finds match the ores from the Mitterberg district. In the Middle Bronze Age, this variety of copper Dominated while in the Late Bronze Age fahlores from Schwaz and Brixlegg experienced a comeback. The reason for this may be a decline of the chalcopyrite mines or a rising demand for copper which could not be covered by the chalcopyrite mines alone. The finds of the Early Iron Age are of similar composition and continue the traditions of the Late Bronze Age.

Antler Cheekpieces of the British Late Bronze Age

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Britnell
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Functional Type ◽  
British Isles

SummaryA group of antler cheekpieces are described and illustrated which provide a small but significant contribution to the evidence of horsemanship in the later Bronze Age in the British Isles. Although independent dating evidence is meagre, they form a coherent stylistic and functional type which has parallels in the late Urnfield period in Central Europe. An attempt is made to reconstruct other elements of the bridle, and they are compared with a number of bronze cheekpieces which show some affinity.

scholarly journals Bronze age sickles in diverse roles

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Eszter Fejér
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Carpathian Basin ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
The People ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Special Value ◽  
The Bronze Age

Bronze sickles are among the most numerous types of artefacts discovered in Late Bronze Age assemblages in Europe, and they have been found in particularly large numbers in the Carpathian Basin. Since their form has barely changed during the last few thousand years and they are generally regarded as having a very ordinary function, for a long time they had failed to spark research interest. Nevertheless, detailed analysis of their find contexts and condition, as well as their comparison with historical, anthropological, and ethnographic observations reveal that they may have had diverse meanings, a greater significance than previously thought, and a special value for the people of the Bronze Age.

Modeling Differential Cultural Interaction in Late Bronze Age Thessaly

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Feuer
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Cultural Interaction ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Border

On the northern border of Mycenaean civilization and encompassing several ecological zones, the province of Thessaly represents an opportunity to test the Cross-Cultural Interaction Model involving processes such as acculturation and ethnogenesis in a border/frontier zone. In the Late Bronze Age (c. 1600–1100 BC) southeastern Thessaly, with a climate and topography similar to the Mycenaean core zone of southern and central Greece, was in direct contact with the centers of Mycenaean civilization and evolved in a similar manner, while in the inner plains further north, a transition zone between the Mediterranean environment of the coast and the Continental environment of southeastern Europe, local elites selectively adopted some aspects of Mycenaean culture, and in the mountainous zone further to the north and west nomadic pastoral tribes had little contact with the Mycenaean world and were even more selective borrowing cultural elements.

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