scholarly journals The effect of irrigation of cotton on the salt regime of the soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 50-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamatov F.M. ◽  
Ismailova H.D. ◽  
Ismailov F.S.
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Fine Fiber ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
Soil Desalinization

The aim of the research is to study the effect of irrigation on the salt regime of the soil at various experimental sites. The production of cotton fiber with high technological quality is closely connected with the salt regime of the soil, because the excessive content of readily soluble salts in soils leads to a decrease in the yield of cotton. Studies have shown that the regime of irrigation of fine-fiber cotton exerts a noticeable influence on the change in the salt regime of soils. It has been established that in the irrigated lands of the Karshi step, which are susceptible to salinity to a weak degree, cotton should be used every year as a mandatory agrotechnical method for pre-sowing emergency preventive irrigation with the norms of 1200...1500 m3/ha. The effect of soil desalinization achieved by these waterings should be secured by applying optimal irrigation regimes for fine-fiber cotton during its growing season in conjunction with other agrotechnical measures carried out by intensive technology. With the introduction of such interlinked agro-meliorative measures, a precondition is created for maximum prevention of the movement of water-soluble salts from the lower, more saline layers to the upper ones.

Irrigation regime and water consumption of potatoes in the Republic of Bashkortostan, depending on the reclamation condition of lands

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Guzel Gumerova ◽  
Georgiy Gulyuk ◽  
Dmitry Kucher ◽  
Anatoly Shuravilin ◽  
Elena Piven
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Total Water Consumption ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
The Republic

Data of long-term researches (2015–2018) in southern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan, is justified theoretically and experimentally the mode of irrigation of potatoes on leached chernozems of unsatisfactory, satisfactory and good ameliorative condition of irrigated lands. For the growing periods of potatoes with different heat and moisture supply, the number of watering, the timing of their implementation, irrigation and irrigation norms are established. On lands with unsatisfactory meliorative state the number of irrigation depending on weather conditions of potato vegetation period varied from 0 to 3 (1.5 on average) with average irrigation norm – 990 m3/ha. With satisfactory meliorative state of lands the number of irrigation on average increased from 0 to 4 (2.3 on average) with irrigation norm – 1305 m3/ha. On lands with good meliorative state the number of irrigation was the highest – from 1 to 5 (3 on average) with average irrigation irrigation norm is 1653 m3/ha. It was noted that in the dry periods of potato vegetation the greatest number of watering was carried out (3–5 watering), and in the wet periods (2017) watering was not carried out except for the area with a good reclamation state, where only one irrigation was carried out by the norm of 550 m3/ha. Water consumption of potato was studied in dynamics as a whole during the growing season and the months of the growing season depending on weather conditions of vegetation period and land reclamation condition of irrigated lands, as well as in the control (without irrigation). The lowest total water consumption was in the area without irrigation and averaged 226.8 mm. In irrigated areas, its values increased to 319-353.4 mm. The average daily water consumption varied from 2.12 to 3.3 mm. The highest rates of potato water consumption were observed in June and July, and the lowest – in May and August. In the total water consumption of potatoes on the site without irrigation, the largest share was occupied by atmospheric precipitation and in addition to them the arrival of moisture from the soil. Irrigation water was used in irrigated areas along with precipitation, the share of which was 30.2–46.1 %.

Potential anticonvulsants: Substituted N-benzylidene derivatives of 10-(4-aminopiperazino)-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepins

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1173-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Bártl ◽  
Jiří Holubek ◽  
Emil Svátek ◽  
Marie Bartošová ◽  
Miroslav Protiva
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hypotensive Activity ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effect ◽  
Maximal Electroshock ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Sleeping Time ◽  
Central Depression ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Electroshock Seizures

Reactions of 10-(4-aminopiperazino)-10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepins XIVa-XIVd with benzaldehyde, 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)benzaldehyde, 3-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)benzaldehyde and 3-ethoxy-4-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)benzaldehyde afforded a series of 19 hydrazones IIIa-Xc. Some of them showed the expected anticonvulsant effect but only towards pentetrazole; antagonism of maximal electroshock seizures was not observed. In general, the products have a character of tranquillizers: in higher does they produce central depression, potentiate the thiopental sleeping time, have hypothermic action; in single cases antiamphetamine, antireserpine, antihistamine and cataleptic effects were observed. The water-soluble salts of the basic hydrazones VIIIa, VIIIc, IXc and Xc, administered parenterally, showed a rather high acute toxicity and revealed also adrenolytic and hypotensive activity.

Research into water-soluble salts in efflorescent pottery during long-term storage in a museum

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pujun Jin ◽  
Weiqiang Zhang ◽  
Quanjun Wang ◽  
Xiaogang Yang ◽  
Sheng Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Term Storage

scholarly journals About salt fractionation in the process of terrigenous aerosol generation

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Savenko ◽  
V. S. Savenko
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Aerosol Generation ◽  
Salt Fractionation

The content of water-soluble salts in samples of surface soils from arid regions and separated from them fraction <0.1 mm was analyzed. Existence of salt fractionation in the aleurite was shown. The fractionation coefficients, defined as the ratio of ions concentrations in the water extracts from fraction <0.1 mm and soil as a whole, are arranged in the successions: Na > K > Mg > Ca and SO4 > HCO3 > Cl. It was found that the fractionation of salts depends on their solubility: than solubility below, that enrichment of soils fine fraction is more.

WATER-SOLUBLE SALTS IN THE PARENT MATERIAL OF SOLONETZIC AND CHERNOZEMIC SOILS IN SASKATCHEWAN

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Ballantyne
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Low Sodium

The B, C1 and a C2 horizon were sampled from 26 Solonetz and 35 Orthic Chernozemic profiles. Water-soluble analyses were done on all samples. Soil profiles developed from saline parent material may be in either the Solonetzic or Chernozemic Order. Eighty-eight percent of the Solonetz and 34% of the Chernozemic profiles were developed on saline C2 horizons. Seventy-three percent of the Solonetz were developed on C2 horizons that were saline and contained over 40% water-soluble sodium. No Chernozemics developed on this type of C2 material. Forty-nine percent of the Chernozemics developed on non-saline, low-sodium C2 horizons. No Solonetz profiles developed on this type of C2 horizon. This information could be used to assist in the classification of Solonetzic and Chernozemic soils. The pH of the B, C1 or C2 horizons was of no value in distinguishing between Solonetzic and Chernozemic soils.

HALOMORPHISM OF SOME CLAY SOILS IN MANITOBA

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
W. A. Ehrlich ◽  
R. E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Exchangeable Cations ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Exchangeable Calcium ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Exchangeable Magnesium ◽  
Soluble Calcium

The analysis of the principal horizons of 11 halomorphic profiles was undertaken in an attempt to ascertain, chiefly, the kind and quantity of soluble salts and exchangeable cations assumed to be the main causative agents in the formation of solonetzic soils in Manitoba. The results showed that water-soluble sodium was equal to or greater in quantity than water-soluble calcium or water-soluble magnesium; that exchangeable calcium followed closely by exchangeable magnesium dominated the exchange complexes; and that exchangeable sodium in excess of 15 per cent of the exchangeable cations was found only in some horizons of the Solonchak, Solonetz and Solodized-Solonetz soils in the Chesterfield Association.

Alkali investigations in the Sudan

1925 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Nile Water ◽  
Heavy Clay ◽  
Alkali Salts ◽  
Very High

(1) The cotton growing area in the Gezira consists of a heavy clay soil, the proportion of clay being about 50–60 per cent. in the upper layers with a maximum at about the 4th foot.(2) The water soluble salts amount to about 0·2 per cent. The proportion is highest at about the 3rd to 5th foot. The alkalinity (pH) is highest at the 2nd foot.(3) In the first 2 feet, the salts consist mainly of sodium carbonate and the third and fourth of sodium sulphate.(4) The irrigation (Blue Nile) water is of excellent quality as judged by its natural chemical composition. The concentrated water, however, contains a very high proportion of alkali salts. It is estimated that a season of normal irrigation would cause an increase of 0·01 per cent. in the alkali content of the first 4 feet of soil.(5) The sodium salts can readily act on the clay and the sodium clay so formed hydrolyses with the formation of sodium carbonate.(6) Samples taken at the same time from good and bad plots in the same area show a strong correlation between salt content and cropyielding power. There is also a correlation between pH and fertility.(7) In the same season and in the same area, virgin (i.e. unirrigated) plots give a higher yield than those which have been previously under the same system of cultivation.

scholarly journals Experimental study of paint coatings resistance to osmotic destruction depending on water-soluble salts content on a metal surface

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Allanazar Atdaev ◽  
Arthur Mazitov ◽  
Rustam Akhmetgaliev
Keyword(s):  
Metal Surface ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Regulatory Document ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
High Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Paint Coatings

The main purpose of this work is to assess the relevance of the requirements for the quantitative content of water-soluble salts on the metal surface before applying an anti-corrosion coating. To do this, a series of tests are carried out by coating the metal surface of samples with different salt content, followed by aging in distilled water at high temperature and pressure. After exposure, the defects will be analyzed. The results obtained will help to choose the maximum allowable amount of soluble salts on the metal surface, because the internal coating of field pipelines is practically beyond repair, and to fix this value in the regulatory document.

The Further Chemistry of Ellagic Acid II. Ellagic Acid and Water-Soluble Ellagates as Metal Precipitants

Holzforschung ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Przewloka ◽  
B.J. Shearer
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solutions

Summary Preparations of the previously unreported, water-soluble, tetraguanidinium, tetracholine and tetrakisbenzyltrimethylammonium ellagates are outlined. Ellagic acid and these water-soluble salts remove Mg2+, Ca2+ and Mn2+ ions from dilute aqueous solutions at pH greater than 7. The salts also remove Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+ and Cu2+ between pH 3 and pH 6. At pH 1 the water-soluble ellagates underwent hydrolysis, resulting in the precipitation of free ellagic acid in preference to the formation of metal-ellagate complexes. These trends were also observed when mixtures of metal ions were applied.

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