A battle for truth: Islam-related counterpublic discourse on Scandinavian news media Facebook pages

In this article, I aim to contribute to existing literature on counterpublics by analysing the extent to which competing counterpublics regarding Islam appear in mainstream news outlets’ comment sections on Facebook. By utilising, and slightly modifying, Toepfl and Piwoni’s pioneering theoretical framework for analysing (counter)publics, I identify an Islam-hostile counterpublic and an Islam-sympathetic counterpublic that operate in the examined comment sections. I conducted a quantitative content analysis of Facebook posts (and associated articles) published by 15 established Scandinavian news outlets in 2018 ( N = 599) and the comments written by ordinary Facebook users in response ( N = 6797). I found the majority of the comments mirrored the views presented in the established media posts, but a substantial minority of the comments engaged in counterpublic discourses, contesting the bounds of established discourse around Islam in the Scandinavian public spheres.

Linguistic Image of a TV Hostess in Chat and Portrait Interviews

The present study featured the image of a TV hostess in such genres as chat interview and portrait interview. The speech genre is a factor that affects the linguistic image of a media personality. The linguistic image explicates various linguistic means used by TV hostesses to achieve the main goal of the speech genre. The research objective was to demonstrate the interrelation between the TV hostess image and the chat / portrait interview speech genres. The study involved the descriptive method, the qualitative and quantitative content analysis, and the discourse analysis. The linguistic image was analyzed at four levels. Each level revealed units that served as markers of the linguistic image of a TV hostess during chat and portrait interviews. The research results can be applied in theoretical and practical courses of media discourse theory, as well as in special courses of media linguistics, linguistic imagology, and communicative genreology. Further research is required to identify the nonverbal means of the image of a TV hostess in these speech genres.

Dynamics of Business Models in Industry-Wide Collaborative Networks for Circularity

Incumbent B2B manufacturing companies join forces and form collaborative networks, called consortia, aiming to increase the circularity of their products. Our research interest lies in the understanding of how the business models (BM) of the companies and the industry are affected by such collaborations in the collaborative networks of the circular economy (CE). Given the exploratory nature of our empirical research, we applied a mixed research strategy of an inductively deductive nature. We carried out case studies in a manufacturing industry field and combined them with quantitative content analyses of the companies’ financial and non-financial reports. Drawing on the assumptions of the Attention-Based View Theory and Legitimacy Theory, we defined and found verbally communicated identifiers of BM elements, CE strategies, and collaborative networks, quantified their occurrences, and transformed them into variables. Using correlation analyses, we determined the tightness and the changes in relationships between the BMs’ elements and CE strategies. We examined the dynamic changes in the structure of BMs and their elements occurring within the implementation of selected CE strategies. Our findings suggest that collaborative networks for CE support an adaptation of the industry’s BMs. The higher-level CE strategies impact the BM more than the lower-level ones. The contribution of our research is in the suggested method of quantification and concretization of an abstract concept of BMs’ elements and their interrelations. This enables an assessment and a direct comparison of BMs, as well as of implemented CE strategies across companies and across industries. Our results also shed more light on the way the companies and industries adapt their BMs towards reaching circularity, as well as on how collaborative networks support such a transition.

Media framing of immigrants in Central Europe in the period surrounding the refugee crisis: Security, negativity, and political sources

This article investigates how all the main quality and tabloid newspapers and the television newscasts of the main broadcasters in Czechia and Slovakia framed immigrants, what the tone of the employed frames was, and who the main framing actors were before and during the EU refugee crisis (2013–2016). Using quantitative content analysis (N = 7,910), we show that security and cultural frames are most commonly employed while the victimization frame is much less common. Whereas tabloids use the security and cultural frames more often, the victimization, economic and administrative frames are more often invoked in quality media. We also show that the framing of immigrants is predominantly negative, and that the security and cultural are the most negatively valenced frames. Finally, we document a dominance of political actors and the practical invisibility of immigrants and refugees in the media coverage.

Social campaigns to social change? Sexual violence framing in U.S. news before and after #metoo

The discussion on sexual violence gained momentum in October 2017 after the Twitter hashtag (#metoo) spread globally highlighting the widespread reality of this problem. While this resulted in extensive media coverage, and naturally informed audiences about societal issues, it can also be problematic regarding the media’s power to reflect and construct reality. Therefore, it is important to research how societal issues like sexual violence are discussed in media settings. The study aimed to investigate how journalists frame sexual violence in the news (RQ1) and whether such practices have changed in the wake of the MeToo movement (RQ2). A quantitative content analysis was conducted for news articles published in four US newspapers, spanning a period of 2 years – from 1 year before to 1 year after the #metoo tweet ( N = 612; Oct. 2016 – Oct. 2018). Results indicate that news coverage on sexual violence shifted from straightforward, single-incident reports to broader discussions. This study contributes to scientific research and journalism practices by providing an overarching view of how sexual violence is framed in the news and the potential impact of social movements on reportage.

Trump’s Twitter Propaganda During Covid-19

<em><span lang="EN-US"><em><span>During the early Covid-19 pandemic, led by controversial presidential figure Donald Trump, the US seemed to be overwhelmed by this microbial creature, proving to be one of the countries with the most Covid-19. Besides health impacts, there are many multi-effects afterward, such as economic, social, political, and so on, that must be faced after this Covid-19 outbreak. Moreover, the US will hold a presidential election in November 2020. This challenge makes Trump must focus on how to complete Covid-19 while maintaining electability as President. One of the methods adopted is by forming narration through Twitter. Donald Trump is an active Twitter user who often tweets about his stance. Therefore, this study wants to analyze Trump's Twitter tweet content based on propaganda based on six propaganda classifications based on Holly Thayer's Theory. The quantitative content analysis method is the systematic and replicable examination of symbols of communication. The object of research in this article is Twitter's @realDonaldTrump tweet. We analyzed Donald Trump's Twitter content in the period 1 March 2020-27 May 2020 with a systematic random sample method. Our result shows that Trump constructs a message to support his policy and maintain his electability.</span></em> </span></em>

Motivation-based Attacker Modelling for Cyber Risk Management: A Quantitative Content: Analysis and a Natural Experiment

Cyber-attacks have a tremendous impact on worldwide economic performance. Hence, it is vitally important to implement effective risk management for different cyber-attacks, which calls for profound attacker models. However, cyber risk modelling based on attacker models seems to be restricted to overly simplified models. This hinders the understanding of cyber risks and represents a heavy burden for efficient cyber risk management. This work aims to forward scientific research in this field by employing a multi-method approach based on a quantitative content analysis of scientific literature and a natural experiment. Our work gives evidence for the oversimplified modelling of attacker motivational patterns. The quantitative content analysis gives evidence for a broad and established misunderstanding of attackers as being illicitly malicious. The results of the natural experiment substantiate the findings of the content analysis. We thereby contribute to the improvement of attacker modelling, which can be considered a necessary prerequisite for effective cyber risk management.

Examining the digital renewal of news communication: A categorization of presentation modes in digital journalism

Our daily dealings with media products are shaped by the use of generic designations such as journalistic presentation modes, for example, news, commentary, and Instagram-story. Yet, scholarship has examined presentation modes only selectively and lacks empirical investigations in this domain. Based on literature and a quantitative content analysis of jury protocols of the German online journalism award “Grimme Online Award,” this article explores how presentation modes are constructed and further develops a framework for a categorization of presentation modes with eight dimensions: Content and Function, Author, Sources, Periodicity, Material Substrate, Structure, Media, and Interactive-Engagement Elements. This study is the first to empirically assess journalistic presentation mode dimensions and manifestations.

NMR analysis of pine tree oleoresin composition of the Pinus subgenus

Методом ЯМР проведен анализ состава живиц восьми видов сосен подрода Pinus: черной австрийской (P. nigra), аллепской (P. halepensis), горной (P. montana), жесткой (P. rigida), Коха (P. kochiana Klotsch), Муррея (P. murrayana Balf), обыкновенной (P. sylvestris) и Палласа (P. nigra subsp. pallasiana), произрастающих в различных районах. Кроме того, исследовано содержание смоляных кислот, выделенных в 1963 г. из живиц трех видов сосен того же подрода: черной австрийской, крючковатой (P. uncinata) и кулундинской (P. sylvestris ssp. Kulundensis). Установлено, что состав живиц названных видов сосен хорошо описывается наличием восьми смоляных кислот (абиетиновая, дегидроабиетиновая, изопимаровая, левопимаровая, неоабиетиновая, палюстровая, пимаровая и сандаракопимаровая) и девяти монотерпенов (камфен, 3-карен, лимонен, мирцен, α-пинен, β-пинен, терпинолен, βфелландреен, п-цимол). Количественное содержание этих смоляных кислот зависит от многих факторов (вида сосен, времени и места сбора живицы, а также условий сбора и хранения образцов). Кроме того, наблюдаются реакции изомеризации и окисления, приводящие к перераспределению состава. В изученных живицах содержание монотерпенов сильно отличается, являясь наименьшим у сосны аллепской и наибольшим у сосны обыкновенной. The NMR method was used to analyze oleoresin composition of eight species of Pinus subgenus: Austrian black (P. nigra), Alleps (P. halepensis), mountain (P. montana), hard (P. rigida), Koch (P. kochiana Klotsch), Murray (P. murrayana Balf), common (P. sylvestris) and Pallas (P. nigra subsp. pallasiana) growing in different areas. In addition, the content of resin acids isolated in 1963 from the oleoresins of three species of pines belonging to the same subgenus: black Austrian, hooked (P. uncinata) and Kulunda (P. sylvestris ssp. Kulundensis) was studied. It was found that the oleoresin composition of the named pine species is well described by the presence of eight resin acids (abietic, dehydroabietic, isopimaric, levopimaric, neoabietic, palustrine, pimaric and sandaracopymaric) and nine monoterpenes (camphor, 3-caren, limonene, myrcene, α-pinene, β-pinene, terpinolen, β-felandreene, p-cymol). The quantitative content of these resin acids depends on many factors (pine species, time and place of oleoresin collection, and sample collection and storage conditions). In addition, isomerization and oxidation reactions are observed, leading to a redistribution of the composition. In the studied oleoresins, the content of monoterpenes differs greatly, being the lowest in Alleps pine and the highest in Scots pine.

Comparative study the essential oil composition of flowers and leaves of Crataegus monogyna L.

The aim of the work was to obtain essential oil from the leaves and flowers of the genus Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna L. and study its component composition to justify the possibility of expanding the use of this herbal drugs in medicine. Materials and methods. The leaves and flowers of Сrataegus monogyna L., which were used to obtain essential oil, were harvested in the western region of Ukraine in 2019. The quantitative content of essential oil in the herbal drugs was determined by hydrodistillation. By used chromato-mass spectrometry method determined the component composition of essential oil of leaves and flowers of Сrataegus monogyna L. The obtained spectra were compared with the library of mass spectra NIST05 and WILEY 2007 with a total number of spectra over 470000 in combination with programs for identification AMDIS and NIST.Results. The essential oil of leaves and flowers of Сrataegus monogyna L. was obtained and its quantitative content was determined, which was 0.15±0.02 % for flowers and 0.11±0.03 % for leaves. By used chromato-mass spectrometric method in the essential oil of flowers of Сrataegus monogyna L. revealed 37 compounds, leaves – 33. In the essential oil of flowers found monoterpenoids, the content of which was 0.44 % of the total, triterpenoids 7.17 %, aromatic compounds 12.61 %. In the essential oil of leaves were found monoterpenoids 37.8 %, aromatic compounds 10.25 %, norterpenoids 3.62 %, sesquiterpenoids 4.02 %, diterpenoids 2.17 %, triterpenoids 5.08 %.Conclusions. Due to the defined component composition of the essential oil of flowers and leaves of Сrataegus monogyna L., we consider its use to create drugs of external action for the treatment of skin diseases of various etiologies caused by staphylococcal and fungal microflora.