scholarly journals Store Format Diversification, Customer Orientation and the Performance of Foreign Retailers

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-74
Author(s):  
Boryana V. Dimitrova ◽  
Saejoon Kim ◽  
Brent Smith ◽  
Junhee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Country Characteristics ◽  
Main Effects

Foreign retailers contend with unrelenting challenges to discover and resolve issues affecting their performance in different host country markets. These retailers bear some wealth of international experience and also some liabil-ity of foreignness. Accordingly, managers of foreign retailers must enact strategic decisions that will position their businesses in order to be competitive and profitable. In this study, the authors examine two generally overlooked fac-tors —degree of store format diversification and customer orientation— relating to improved foreign retailer per-formance. The authors also investigate the potential moderating effects of three host country characteristics —retail modernization, collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance— on this relationship. Based on the 2001-2015 panel data for 24 international retailers, results for main effects indicate that foreign retailer performance is influenced nega-tively by store format diversification and positively by customer orientation. These effects are moderated by host country retail modernization, collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance. In particular, host country retail modernization reverses, from negative to positive, the influence of store format diversification on foreign retailer performance. Fur-thermore, both collectivism and uncertainty avoidance strengthen the positive influence of customer orientation on foreign retailer performance. Finally, uncertainty avoidance strengthens the negative influence of store format diver-sification on foreign retailer performance.

Does Diversity in The Boardroom Add Value to a Firm?

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Board Composition ◽  
Board Diversity

This study examines whether board diversity affects firm performance. We investigate this study using panel data of a sample of S&P 500 firms during a 12 year period. After controlling for industry, firm size, and other board composition variables, we find that all three board diversity variables of interest – gender, ethnicity, and age have a significant influence on firm performance. While ethnicity and age have a positive influence on firm performance, it was found that gender has a negative influence. Implications for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals PENGARUH BENCANA ALAM, PERUBAHAN IKLIM, DAN KUALITAS LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP JUMLAH KUNJUNGAN WISATAWAN MANCANEGARA KE INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Safitri Safitri ◽  
Alpon Satrianto
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Research Goal

This research goal is looking for the effect of natural disaster, climate change, and environment quality to the amount of tourist visit to Indonesia. This research uses panel data from 2014 untill 2017, the data get from the related institutions, and uses multiple regression analysis. This research result: 1) Natural disaster has negative influence and it is not significant to tourist visit to Indonesia, 2) Climate change has positive and significant influence to tourist visit to Indonesia, and 3) Environment quality has positive influence and is not significant to the amount of torist visit to Indonesia.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Host Country Characteristics that Determine FDI in Developing Countries: Recent Panel Data Evidence

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tariq Majeed ◽  
Eatzaz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Country Characteristics ◽  
General Method Of Moments

This paper analyzes a range of host country characteristics that determine foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to developing countries, using panel data on 72 countries for the period 1970-2008. Keeping in view the endogeneity problem of the chosen host country’s characteristics, the model is estimated using the General Method of Moments (GMM) technique. The analysis shows that gross domestic product (GDP), economic growth, and per capita income positively affect FDI—a result consistent with the market-seeking behavior of multinational corporations (MNCs). Furthermore, we find that remittances have a significant and positive impact on FDI. On the other hand, inflation and the balance of payments deficit have negative effects on FDI. MNCs are attracted to host countries that are outward looking and follow trade-promoting policies. This is confirmed by the positive effect of openness on FDI flows to developing countries. The study also finds that the effect of military expenditures on FDI is negative and significant. Finally, our analysis finds that the real exchange rate has a significantly negative impact on FDI.

scholarly journals Fatherhood and Managerial Style

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Dahl ◽  
Cristian L. Dezső ◽  
David Gaddis Ross
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Managerial Style ◽  
First Child ◽  
The Social ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
Transition To Fatherhood

Motivated by a growing literature in the social sciences suggesting that the transition to fatherhood has a profound effect on men’s values, we study how the wages of employees change after a male chief executive officer (CEO) has children, using comprehensive panel data on the employees, CEOs, and families of CEOs in all but the smallest Danish firms between 1996 and 2006. We find that (a) a male CEO generally pays his employees less generously after fathering a child, (b) the birth of a daughter has a less negative influence on wages than does the birth of a son and has a positive influence if the daughter is the CEO’s first, and (c) the wages of female employees are less adversely affected than are those of male employees and positively affected by the CEO’s first child of either gender. We also find that male CEOs pay themselves more after fathering a child, especially after fathering a son. These results are consistent with a desire by the CEO to husband more resources for his family after fathering a child and the psychological priming of the CEO’s generosity after the birth of his first daughter and specifically toward women after the birth of his first child of either gender.

scholarly journals Dividend policy in the banking sector in G-7 and GCC countries: A comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Hussam Hanifa ◽  
Mohammed Hamdan ◽  
Mohamed Haffar
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Dividend Payout ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Group Of Seven ◽  
Gcc Countries

Dividend policy has been a puzzling question for many years. This study attempts to identify the key factors affecting it in the financial sector that have been neglected in the literature. Using panel data on 621 Group of Seven (G-7) banks and 68 Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) banks, five main factors namely, banks’ size, profitability, growth, leverage, and last year’s dividend were empirically tested regarding their impact on dividend payout ratios. In addition to comparing the two economies descriptively, the researchers employed panel data analysis using multiple regression with random effects. The findings revealed that the dividend payout ratio for the GCC countries is higher than G-7 countries in every year of the examined period (2010-2015). Furthermore, for both G-7 and GCC banks, profitability and last year dividend had a significant positive influence while banks’ leverage had a significant negative influence on the dividend payout. It was found also that banks’ size is an important dividend determinant in the G-7 countries only.

Does national culture matter? Understanding the impact of supply chain integration in multiple countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Liu ◽  
Jing Tan ◽  
Hongyi Mao ◽  
Yeming Gong
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Supply Chain Integration ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Content Type

Purpose With increasing globalization, supply chain management in various national cultures requires understanding. This study aims to examine the moderating effects of individualistic and uncertainty avoidance cultures on the relationship between supply chain integration (SCI) and different dimensions of firm performance (i.e. flexibility and financial). Design/methodology/approach This study collected 124 pairwise survey data from supply chain and senior managers of retail firms in 35 countries. Hofstede’s national culture index was used to examine the moderating effects. Structural equation modeling and regression analysis were used to test the model. Findings Results corroborate that in a higher uncertainty avoidance culture, the positive influence of SCI on flexibility performance is stronger, but that on financial performance is weaker. By contrast, individualism reduces the positive influence of SCI on financial performance, but does not moderate that on flexibility performance. Originality/value This paper proposes a contingent model for SCI-performance relationships by integrating the relational view and the national cultural perspective. Critical national cultural dimensions moderate the effects of SCI on flexibility and financial performance. Therefore, operational managers should design differential SCI strategies in various cultural settings.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengaruh Biaya Perkuliahan, Biaya Promosi dan Faktor Eksternal (Uncontrollable) Terhadap Penerimaan Jumlah Mahasiswa Baru di Kampus STMIK Atma Luhur Pangkalpinang

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Seno Hadi Saputro ◽  
Hengki Hengki
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Common Effect ◽  
Effect Method

This research is performed in order to test the influence of tuition, promotion costs and macro variable (uncontrolable) toward the number of new admissions. Methodology research as the sample used purposive sampling and this research in STMIK AtmaLuhur. Data analysis with multiplier regression of panel data common effect method. Empirical evidence of analysis show as tuition, promotion costs, inflation, kurs, BI Rate not influence toward the number of new amissions Strata 1 in STMIK AtmaLuhur. Inflation, Kurs, Bi Rate not influence toward the number of new admissions Diploma 3 while tuition have negative influence toward the number of new admissions and promotion costs have positive influence toward the number of new admissions Diploma 3 in STMIK Atma Luhur.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF FISCAL DETERMINANTS ON INVESTMENTS IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES. A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sandra Clement ◽  
◽  
Eugenia Ramona Mara ◽  
Monica-Violeta Achim
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Consumption Tax ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Impact

Taxation plays an important role in investment decisions and on net profit. In this view, this paper examines the fiscal determinants of investments realized by non-financial corporations in European Union (EU) countries. More exactly, the influences of profit tax and other important taxes like consumption and labor tax on the rate of investment are analysed. For this purpose, we use a panel analysis for 28 Member States from 2008 to 2018. In the presence of variables cointegration, we apply the fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) for investigating the long-run impact of taxation. Our results show a negative influence of the profit tax and a positive influence of consumption tax on the investment expansion. In addition, we find that the profit tax rate decreased after 2008 representing one of the most important fiscal measure adopted by the majority of EU Member States in order to stimulate the investment increase. The results are important for the governments, corporate governance of the companies and the investors, in order to understand the efficiency of their decisions to recover after a crisis. Keywords: Corporate tax policy, Rate of investment, Panel data.

The Relation Between Teachers' Diagnostic Sensitivity, their Instructional Activities, and their Students' Achievement Gains in Reading*

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Behrmann ◽  
Elmar Souvignier
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Classroom Management ◽  
Reading Program ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Judgment Accuracy ◽  
Achievement Gains ◽  
Instructional Activities ◽  
Main Effects

Single studies suggest that the effectiveness of certain instructional activities depends on teachers' judgment accuracy. However, sufficient empirical data is still lacking. In this longitudinal study (N = 75 teachers and 1,865 students), we assessed if the effectiveness of teacher feedback was moderated by judgment accuracy in a standardized reading program. For the purpose of a discriminant validation, moderating effects of teachers' judgment accuracy on their classroom management skills were examined. As expected, multilevel analyses revealed larger reading comprehension gains when teachers provided students with a high number of feedbacks and simultaneously demonstrated high judgment accuracy. Neither interactions nor main effects were found for classroom management skills on reading comprehension. Moreover, no significant interactions with judgment accuracy but main effects were found for both feedback and classroom management skills concerning reading strategy knowledge gains. The implications of the results are discussed.

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