Genetic analysis of yield and quality traits through generation mean analysis in rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-262
Author(s):  
Ch Sreelakshmi ◽  
P Ramesh Babu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Almost All

The present investigation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) was undertaken to study the magnitude of gene action in two cross combinations for eleven yield and twelve quality traits deploying generation mean analysis following six parameter model for parents (P1 and P2), F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 generations during three crop seasons. The results of the scaling tests revealed that the additive-dominance model was inadequate for all of the characters evaluated in both the crosses suggested the existence of epistasis in the inheritance of these characters. Mean values of both the crosses revealed significant for most of the traits except effective bearing tillers per plant, SCMR, harvest index, kernel length and kernel L/B ratio in the cross BPT 5204 x IR 64. Major contribution of duplicate epistasis was revealed by the two crosses, for most of the characters. Few traits revealed complementary epistasis in both the crosses. The present study demonstrates the importance of additive, dominance and epistatic gene effects for the inheritance of almost all the yield as well as quality characters studied.

scholarly journals Estimation of Gene Action and Interaction for Some Quantitative Characters in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Generation Mean Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-744
Author(s):  
Amrita Kumari ◽  
◽  
B. K. Senapati ◽  
Anita Roy Aich ◽  
Aditya Pratap Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Main Gene

The present investigation was conducted to understand the genetic action for controlling the inheritance of some quantitative characters. The experimental materials consisted of three rice varieties, i.e., Mahsuri, Bhutmuri, IR36 and F1, F2, and F3 populations of Mahsuri×Bhutmuri (Cross I) and IR36×Bhutmuri (Cross II). To conduct the generation mean analysis, the parents and their F1, F2, and F3 populations were evaluated during June to October month of Kharif 2016 and Kharif 2017. Generation mean analysis was done for eighteen quantitative characters following the five parameter model. The Analysis of Variance revealed significant differences among the five generations for all the characters studied. The results of the scaling tests and joint scaling test revealed that the Simple additive-dominance model was inadequate for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of panicles plant-1, number of primary branches panicle-1, number of secondary branches panicle-1 in Cross I, while it was for plant height, number of tillers plant-1, number of panicles plant-1, number of grains panicle-1, number of filled grains panicle–1 and fertility % in Cross II. Hence, the present studies have revealed that epistasis as a basic mechanism that cannot be ignored. Thus, formulating breeding policies on only main gene effects i.e. additive and dominance could be misleading.

scholarly journals Assessment of Gene Action for Grain Micronutrient Content, Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Kumar ◽  
Avinash Kumar ◽  
N. K. Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
. Nilanjaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Biotechnological Approach ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
H Gene ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Biofortification of food crops using conventional breeding or biotechnological approach is gaining momentum to alleviate micronutrient malnutrition.  Rice is a nice choice for biofortification of grain iron and zinc content as this is a cheap and chief staple food for millions of peoples world-wide particularly the poor. In present study, generation mean analysis was done to estimate the nature and magnitude of gene effects for grain iron and zinc content in rice cross Khusisoi-RI-Sareku × IR 91175-27-1-3-1-3.  Scaling test and Joint scaling test indicated the influence of epistasis on the expression of yield, its component traits and grain Fe and Zn content and inadequacy of additive-dominance model to explain the variation in different generations. Dominance [h] gene effect was of higher magnitude as compared to additive [d] gene effect for both grain iron and grain zinc content.  Additive × additive, additive × dominance and dominance × dominance component was significant for both grain Fe and Zn content, whereas dominance × dominance component was predominant for both grain Fe and Zn content. Dominance [h] gene effect and dominance × dominance interaction acted in opposite directions, indicating duplicate type of gene action controlling the expression of both grain Fe and grain Zn content which could be a bottleneck to exploit heterosis. Heterosis breeding and recombination breeding with postponement of selection till later generations, could be effective in improving both grain Fe and grain Zn content in rice.

scholarly journals Genetic Architecture of Grain Quality Traits in Nutrient Rich Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Crosses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lingaiah ◽  
Ch. Surender Raju ◽  
N. Sarla ◽  
K. Radhika ◽  
V. Venkanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Breeding Selection

The precise knowledge of the nature of gene action for quality traits in rice helps to choose an effective breeding strategy to accelerate the pace of genetic improvement of quality traits in rice. The Generation mean analysis indicated absence of epistasis in case of certain quality characters like hulling percent, milling percent, kernel length, breadth and kernel elongation ratio in first and second crosses. The interaction was of duplicate epistasis for milling percent and kernel length, therefore, in addition to the main genetic effects, ([d], [h] components), for development of a variety / hybrid from the cross (RP-Bio-5478 -185 x NH-686), the interaction components also have to be taken into consideration in breeding. Selection was recommended for head rice recovery improvement, for two crosses viz., MTU 1010 x NH-686, WGL-32100 x RP-Bio-5478-166, due to presence of fixable genetic variation. The interaction components are highly variable, therefore, a cross and trait specific breeding strategy is required for quality improvement in three crosses.

scholarly journals Magnitude of heterosis and gene effects for yield and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 799
Author(s):  
K. Rukmini Devi ◽  
N. Lingaiah ◽  
K. Parimala ◽  
V. Venkanna ◽  
Y. Hari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Combining ability for yield and different quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2298-2304
Author(s):  
J. Menaka ◽  
S. M. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Heterosis Breeding

Gene action and combining ability for yields and quality traits were analyzed by line x tester analysis in 48 crosses along with 8 lines and 6 testers to find out their usefulness in improvement of quality traits. Analysis of variance revealed that ASD 16 line and Pusa Basmati 1 and Basmati 370 testers were the good combiners for both yield and quality traits. The crosses ADT 36 / GEB 24, ASD 16 / Pusa Basmati 1, ADT 43 / Jeeragasamba, MDU 2 / Pusa Basmati 1 and MDU 5 / Improved White Ponni were identified as the good specific combiners for grain yield and some other quality characters. Dominance gene action was found to be predominant for most of the quality characters along with yield giving way for exploitation of heterosis breeding for meeting out the increasing quality preference of the consumers.

scholarly journals Heterosis and inbreeding studies for agronomic and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rukmini Devi ◽  
B.Satish Chandra ◽  
Y. Hari ◽  
V. Venkanna
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Breadth Ratio ◽  
Selection Of

Heterosis and inbreeding depression was studied for twenty characters in seven parental lines and their eleven hybrids in rice. Significant positive average heterosis and heterobeltiosis was observed for effective tillers, grain yield /plant, panicle density ,filled grains /panicle, panicle length, length/breadth ratio, head rice recovery, milling percent and hulling percent. Significant negative heterosis was observed for days to 50 % flowering in desired direction. Among the crosses, Kavya × WGL-915, BPT-5024 × WGL-915, Kavya × HKR-08-62, BPT-5204 × MTU-1075 and BPT-5204 × Gontrabidhan recorded significant positive heterobeltiosis for grain yield/plant and also two to three important economic characters and showed significant positive inbreeding depression . The inheritance of yield, yield components and quality traits were mostly governed by non additive type of gene action as evident from high heterosis followed by high inbreeding depression and in such cases heterosis breeding is more feasible to achieve quantum jump in rice yield while, pedigree method in few specific crosses showing low inbreeding depression in order to improve characters like head rice recovery, kernel length, length/breadth ratio, kernel length after cooking and days to 50% flowering etc. Selection of good parents was found to be most important for developing high yielding rice varieties with desirable characters.

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