scholarly journals Genetic Architecture of Grain Quality Traits in Nutrient Rich Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Crosses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lingaiah ◽  
Ch. Surender Raju ◽  
N. Sarla ◽  
K. Radhika ◽  
V. Venkanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Precise Knowledge ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Breeding Selection

The precise knowledge of the nature of gene action for quality traits in rice helps to choose an effective breeding strategy to accelerate the pace of genetic improvement of quality traits in rice. The Generation mean analysis indicated absence of epistasis in case of certain quality characters like hulling percent, milling percent, kernel length, breadth and kernel elongation ratio in first and second crosses. The interaction was of duplicate epistasis for milling percent and kernel length, therefore, in addition to the main genetic effects, ([d], [h] components), for development of a variety / hybrid from the cross (RP-Bio-5478 -185 x NH-686), the interaction components also have to be taken into consideration in breeding. Selection was recommended for head rice recovery improvement, for two crosses viz., MTU 1010 x NH-686, WGL-32100 x RP-Bio-5478-166, due to presence of fixable genetic variation. The interaction components are highly variable, therefore, a cross and trait specific breeding strategy is required for quality improvement in three crosses.

scholarly journals Variability in grain quality traits of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Parikh ◽  
NK Rastogi ◽  
AK Sarawgi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Cooked Rice ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Elongation Index ◽  
Chemical Characters

The present study involved the evaluation of physio-chemical characters and cooking quality of 36 rice genotypes from Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. The fine grain genotypes like Rajim-12, Kalimuchh, and Munibhog were found good for moderate kernel length and L:B ratio; Rajabhog, Jhulari, and Baghmuchha for kernel length after cooking and L:B ratio of cooked rice Kalajira and Bikoni for head rice recovery%; Barang, Bantaphool, Gangabalu, and Bikoni for elongation ratio; Barang, Rajabhog, Gangabalu, Bikoni, and Chirainikhi for elongation index; Sonth, Rajim-12, Jhulari, Gangabalu, Jhilli Safri, and Bikoni for intermediate alkali values. These genotypes may be utilized as donors for improvement of quality traits. In the present study, superior genotypes were Rajm-12 for grain yield, kernel length, L:B ratio and kernel length after cooking; Rajabhog for grain yield, kernel length after cooking, L:B of cooked rice and elongation index; Bikoni for head rice recovery, elongation ratio, elongation index, and intermediate alkali values. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i4.14352 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(4): 551-558, December 2012

scholarly journals Heterosis and inbreeding studies for agronomic and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rukmini Devi ◽  
B.Satish Chandra ◽  
Y. Hari ◽  
V. Venkanna
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Breadth Ratio ◽  
Selection Of

Heterosis and inbreeding depression was studied for twenty characters in seven parental lines and their eleven hybrids in rice. Significant positive average heterosis and heterobeltiosis was observed for effective tillers, grain yield /plant, panicle density ,filled grains /panicle, panicle length, length/breadth ratio, head rice recovery, milling percent and hulling percent. Significant negative heterosis was observed for days to 50 % flowering in desired direction. Among the crosses, Kavya × WGL-915, BPT-5024 × WGL-915, Kavya × HKR-08-62, BPT-5204 × MTU-1075 and BPT-5204 × Gontrabidhan recorded significant positive heterobeltiosis for grain yield/plant and also two to three important economic characters and showed significant positive inbreeding depression . The inheritance of yield, yield components and quality traits were mostly governed by non additive type of gene action as evident from high heterosis followed by high inbreeding depression and in such cases heterosis breeding is more feasible to achieve quantum jump in rice yield while, pedigree method in few specific crosses showing low inbreeding depression in order to improve characters like head rice recovery, kernel length, length/breadth ratio, kernel length after cooking and days to 50% flowering etc. Selection of good parents was found to be most important for developing high yielding rice varieties with desirable characters.

Exploring the physicochemical and cooking properties of some Indian aromatic and non-aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-161
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Verma ◽  
Prem Prakash Srivastav
Keyword(s):  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Cooking Properties ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length

The objective of the present investigation was to assess the physicochemical and cooking properties of Indian rice cultivars grown locally by farmers. Results reported the highest hulling (80.82%) and milling (75.47%) in cultivar Badshah Bhog (BSB) while the head rice out-turns were maximum in Govind Bhog (GVB) (58.22%) and broken rice was minimum in Khushboo (KSB) (5.15%). The kernel length (6.16-7.88 mm) of KSB, Kalanamak (KLN), Sarbati (SRB) and Todal (TDL) cultivars were nearly alike to the preferred minimum acceptable standard of Basmati rice (6.6mm). The kernel and volume elongation ratio was highest in Swetganga (STG) (2.07) and TDL (4.07), respectively whereas the amylose content was highest (>20%) in all aromatic cultivars and categorized the intermediate type than evolved aromatic rice KLN and nonaromatic cultivars (SRB and TDL). Further, the studied rice cultivars had grain quality characteristics similar to the minimum acceptable standards for the breeding of basmati type cultivars which may be employed for breeding purposes and can be graded as export quality rice possessing distinct nutritional values at the global level.

scholarly journals Study on Standard Heterosis for Yield, Quality and its Attributing Characters in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids under Aerobic Cultivation

2020 ◽  
pp. 275-285
Author(s):  
P. Madhukar ◽  
S. Vanisri ◽  
P. Senguttuvel ◽  
Ch. Surender Raju ◽  
S. Narender Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
Positive Heterosis

Field experiments were conducted for development and evaluation of aerobic rice hybrids during2015-16 to 2016-17 years. In the first experiment sufficient amount of variability was observed for grain yield per plant and its components among 125 genotypes evaluated in aerobic condition. Among these eight genotypes were the top ranking yield in aerobic conditions and good restorers tested by Test Cross Nursery and Rf3, Rf4 fertility restorer gene screening. Than 32 hybrids were produced involving 4 CMS lines (CMS23A, CMS59A, CMS64A and IR68897A) and 8 testers (SVHR-3005, NH-12-103R, KMP-128, MTU-1001, KMP-175, SV-315-081R, RNR-21280 and MTU-1075) and evaluated along with three checks (viz., hybrid check, KRH-2, inbred checks, MTU-1010, MAS-946) under aerobic situation and  carryout standard heterosis analysis, to identify best heterotic hybrids over local checks. CMS23A x SV-315-081R manifested high heterotic effects (>20%) for grain yield per plant over the standard checks, besides for important components. Few more CMS59A x KMP-175, CMS59A x RNR-21280, CMS23A x MTU-1001, IR-68897A x MTU-1075 and CMS23A x MTU-1075 were also identified as potential hybrids in view of higher amount of heterosis. For quality, CMS64A x RNR-21280 (hulling percentage, milling percentage, head rice recovery and kernel elongation ratio) and CMS23A x SV-315-081R (head rice recovery, kernel length, L/B ratio and Kernel length after cooking) were best heterotic hybrids. Two crosses viz., CMS59A x SVHR-3005 and CMS64A x SVHR-3005 expressed negative heterosis for kernel breadth and positive heterosis for kernel L/B ratio which was desirable.

Genetic analysis of yield and quality traits through generation mean analysis in rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-262
Author(s):  
Ch Sreelakshmi ◽  
P Ramesh Babu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Almost All

The present investigation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) was undertaken to study the magnitude of gene action in two cross combinations for eleven yield and twelve quality traits deploying generation mean analysis following six parameter model for parents (P1 and P2), F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 generations during three crop seasons. The results of the scaling tests revealed that the additive-dominance model was inadequate for all of the characters evaluated in both the crosses suggested the existence of epistasis in the inheritance of these characters. Mean values of both the crosses revealed significant for most of the traits except effective bearing tillers per plant, SCMR, harvest index, kernel length and kernel L/B ratio in the cross BPT 5204 x IR 64. Major contribution of duplicate epistasis was revealed by the two crosses, for most of the characters. Few traits revealed complementary epistasis in both the crosses. The present study demonstrates the importance of additive, dominance and epistatic gene effects for the inheritance of almost all the yield as well as quality characters studied.

scholarly journals Gene action and combining ability studies for protein content and grain quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
M. Asvin Kirubha ◽  
R. P. Gnanamalar ◽  
K. Thangaraj ◽  
A. Kavitha Pushpam ◽  
A. R. Priyanka
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits

scholarly journals Exploration of Possibilities to Identify Heterotic Cross Combinations in Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa L.) for Grain Yield and Quality Parameters

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Mithilesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Banshidhar . ◽  
Avinash Kumar ◽  
Aman Tigga ◽  
S. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Breadth Ratio ◽  
Alkali Digestion

Twenty eight crosses generated using eight aromatic rice varieties crossed in half diallel fashion were evaluated and analyzed along with parents to investigate combining ability and gene action for grain yield and various grain quality traits. The general combining ability and specific combining ability variances were significant for all the traits that indicated the role of both additive and non-additive genetic components.  Ratio of σ2gca/σ2sca< 1 indicated preponderance of non-additive gene action in the expression of these traits.  Pusa Basmati-1 was the good general combiner showing significantly high GCA effect for a maximum of seven-grain quality traits viz., milling recovery (0.81), kernel length (0.28), kernel breadth (-0.05), kernel length/breadth ratio (0.26), cooked kernel length (0.79), alkali digestion value (0.67) and amylose content (0.60) but not for yield.  Cross PSD-15×Pant Basmati-1 (P7×P8) was the good specific combiner showing high SCA effects for a maximum of eight grain quality traits viz. hulling recovery (2.76), milling recovery (2.06), kernel length (0.89), kernel length/breadth ratio (0.69), cooked kernel length (3.06), kernel elongation ratio (0.12), alkali digestion value (1.11) and amylose content (1.01) but not yield.  None of the top three crosses (Pusa Sugandh-6×PSD-15, Pusa Basmati-1×PSD-15 and Pusa Sugandh-4×Basmati-370) based on high SCA effect for grain yield plant-1exhibited as high SCA effect to fall within top three crosses on that basis for any of the grain quality traits.

scholarly journals Combining ability analysis and gene action of grain quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using line × tester analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1236-1255
Author(s):  
S. Santha ◽  
R. Vaithilingam ◽  
A. Karthikeyan ◽  
T. Jayaraj
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Gelatinization Temperature ◽  
Probability Level ◽  
Kernel Length

In rice, twelve lines were crossed with five testers in a line × tester mating design and the resultant 60 hybrids along with their parents were evaluated for their combining ability effects for 15 grain quality traits. The results revealed that the ratio of GCA: SCA variances computed for all the fifteen grain quality traits showed the predominance of non-additive gene action. Among the lines, ADT (R) 47 showed significant desirable gca effects at 1% probability level (p = 0.01) for 11 grain quality traits viz., hulling percentage, milling percentage, head rice recovery percentage, kernel breadth, kernel breadth after cooking, breadth wise expansion ratio, gelatinization temperature, amylose content, gel consistency, water uptake and volume expansion ratio. Among the testers, Pusa 1460 showed significant desirable gca effects at 1% probability level (p = 0.01) for 10 grain quality traits viz., kernel length, kernel breadth, kernel length/breadth ratio, kernel length after cooking, kernel breadth after cooking, linear elongation ratio, gelatinization temperature, amylose content, water uptake and volume expansion ratio and hence they were adjudged as the best combiners for the improvement of the respective traits. Among the hybrids, the hybrids CO 47/Imp., Samba Mahsuri, ADT (R) 47/IRBB 21 and ADT (R) 46/IRBB 21 were identified as best hybrids for exploitation of grain quality traits since they revealed significant sca effects at 1% probability level (p = 0.01) for eight, eight and five grain quality traits, respectively.

scholarly journals Combining ability analysis for grain yield and its attributes in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
BP Mallikarjuna ◽  
N Shivakumar ◽  
J Devendrappa ◽  
VD Sheela ◽  
G Bharamappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene

Combining ability on grain yield and its components from line × tester analysis of thirty rice hybrids (Oryza sativa L.) produced by crossing three newly developed CMS lines and ten testers of local origin were studied. The analysis revealed higher SCA variance than GCA variance for all the characters except plant height indicating the prevalence of non-additive gene action. The line KCMS 45A and testers MSN 36 and KMR 3 were the good general combiners for yield and its major contributing characters. MSN 99 was the only good general combiner among the male parents for earliness and dwarfness. The hybrids KCMS 46A × MSN 75, KCMS 44A × KMR 4 and KCMS 45A × KMR 3 were identified as potential hybrids for yield contributing characters based on SCA effects which could be exploited in future rice breeding programme by adopting heterosis breeding strategy. The contribution of testers towards the total variance was found higher than lines and line x tester interaction suggesting predominant of testers influence for these characters. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i1.21107 SAARC J. Agri., 12(1): 1-8 (2014)

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence and Variability Studies for Yield and Quality Traits in Elite Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
K. Rukmini Devi ◽  
B. Satish Chandra ◽  
Y. Hari ◽  
K. Rajendra Prasad ◽  
N. Lingaiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Filled Seeds

Genetic divergence and variability was assessed among 33 elite germplasm lines which were evaluated in RBD at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Warangal with an objective to classify  and understand the nature and magnitude of genetic diversity and variability  with regard to grain yield, yield components and quality traits using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. Genotypes were grouped into eight clusters and cluster I was the largest comprised of 23 genotypes followed by cluster II which consists of 4 genotypes and rest of the clusters from cluster III to cluster VIII contain one genotype each. The maximum cluster distance was found between cluster II and cluster IV (2178.98) followed by cluster III and cluster VIII (2160.16). The minimum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster I and cluster III (540.96). The intra cluster distance was maximum for cluster II (354.1) indicating existence of variability within the cluster. A perusal of results on cluster means revealed that cluster VIII recorded highest cluster mean for yield/plant, panicle length, test weight, plant height, volume expansion ratio, kernel length after cooking, length/breadth ratio, kernel length and kernel width, The most important trait causing maximum divergence was plant height (31.8) which ranked 168 times first followed by alkali spreading value, days to 50% flowering and test weight were responsible for differentiating the genotypes studied. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was slightly higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits. Moderate GCV and PCV estimates were observed for filled seeds/panicle, test weight, alkali spreading value, volume expansion ratio, yield/plant, water uptake and head rice recovery. High heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for test weight (98.5:46.62), filled seeds/panicle (92.6:46.26), alkali spreading value (90.9:43.15), yield/plant (78;35.30), head rice recovery (78.9:27.46) and volume expansion ratio (69.1:37.3). In this study the genotypes WGL 1143, WGL 1150, WGL 1149, Tellahamsa in cluster II and WGL 1062 in cluster IV and WGL 915 in cluster VIII were widely divergent and crosses may be effected among the genotypes of the clusters to get more heterosis and subsequently better recombinants in segregating generations.

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