scholarly journals Revitalising the Management of Family Waqf: A Way Forward

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-618
Author(s):  
Sakinah Abdul Samad ◽  
Ahmad Sufian Che Abdullah ◽  
Kamaruzaman Noordin
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Legal Authority ◽  
Model Based

This research proposes a few models of legal authority (hereinafter referred to as al-Wilayah) over the practice of Family Waqf in Malaysia. The research adopted a comparative case study based on the theory of al-Wilayah over the management of waqf. Five selected State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCs) have been chosen: SIRC of Perak, Pulau Pinang, Kelantan, Terengganu, and Johore, prominent with Family Waqf. The author proposed models that broaden the involvement of many parties in waqf management based on the amalgamation of Wilayah Asliyyah and Wilayah Fariyyah in waqf affairs. These are models of the religious council, third-party model, and model of the subsidiary body. The contribution of this research was to provide more compatible models in the management of Family Waqf operationalized harmoniously with the Malaysian waqf jurisdiction. These models were expected to improve the current situation of Family Waqf in Malaysia, which was deemed incompatible with being managed by the SIRC alone. Based on the researcher’s best knowledge, there were no case studies that empirically investigated the current practice of Family Waqf according to the theory of al-Wilayah. Therefore, it was necessary to acquire an up-to-date situation of Family Waqf from the vantage point of al-Wilayah to assist the researcher in developing the model based on the actual loophole in its practice.

DIFFERENT TRAILS: ON THE MULTIPLE GENETIC ROOTS DETERMINING A DISTRIBUTED COMPOSITIONAL PROJECT

Tempo ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (290) ◽  
pp. 56-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
José L. Besada
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Contemporary Music ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Substantial Impact

AbstractAlthough it is a mistake to believe that the material traces left by a composer's practice can help us to properly reconstruct the creative process, compositional sketches may throw light on it. Nevertheless many such accounts take their respective case studies as isolated objects that are, unfortunately, sometimes decontextualised from the whole record of their authors. Ethnography potentially offers a better methodology and auto-ethnographic accounts, third party observations, and mixtures of these approaches have already been applied to contemporary music. This article aims to combine both these approaches in a discussion of a recent compositional project at IRCAM, carried out by a team of three people. I consider how the previous artistic experiences and achievements of these people, jointly and separately, have had a substantial impact on their shared project. In addition, as the case study had a scientific underpinning, I comment on the cognitive bridge that the composer had to build between scientific and musical conceptions.

scholarly journals Elementary Principal/Superintendent Relationship as Perceived by Teachers

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Catherine H. Glascock ◽  
Diane Taylor
Keyword(s):  
School Climate ◽  
School District ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
School Change ◽  
Elementary Principal ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up

Despite more than a decade of research on bottom-up school change, the principal/ superintendent relationship continues to be studied primarily as a traditional flow of power from the top down. There is little research that considers the proposition that power vested in principals can be exercised upwardly within the school district hierarchy in the form of independence from and influence on the superintendent. Given the lack of research on these phenomena, it is not surprising that we could find no studies that explore the effects of hierarchical independence and influence on school climate. The present study investigates both. Two schools form the basis of this comparative case study. The schools were chosen based on scores obtained through the OCDQ and TAI instruments. The first school is selected for its high scores on both instruments and the second school is selected based on average scores on the OCDQ and the TAI. Both schools are in the same school district and a brief description of that district begins the discussion. Individual case study findings as well as a comparison of the two case studies follow.

scholarly journals Understanding corporate governance of healthcare quality: a comparative case study of eight Australian public hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Brown
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Healthcare Quality ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Healthcare Outcomes ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Governance Processes

Abstract Background Patients are sometimes harmed in the course of receiving hospital care. Existing research has highlighted a positive association between board engagement in healthcare quality activities and healthcare outcomes. However, most research has been undertaken through surveys examining board engagement in a limited number of governance processes. This paper presents evidence of a comprehensive range of processes related to governing healthcare quality undertaken at the corporate governance level. This provides a more detailed picture than previously described of how corporate governance of healthcare quality is enacted by boards and management. Methods A comparative case study of eight Australian public hospitals was undertaken. Case studies varying is size and location were selected from two Australian states. Data collection included a review of key governance documentation, semi structured interviews with board members and senior management and an observation of a board quality committee meeting. Thematic analysis was undertaken to identify processes related to key tasks in governing healthcare quality. Results Two key tasks in the corporate governance of healthcare quality, evaluating healthcare quality and overseeing quality priorities, were examined. Numerous processes related to these two tasks were found. Case studies, while found to be similar in engagement on previously identified processes, were found to differ in engagement in these additional processes. While generally low levels of engagement in processes of overseeing quality priorities were found, cases differed markedly in their engagement in evaluating healthcare quality processes. Additional processes undertaken at some case studies represent innovative and mature responses to the need for effective corporate governance of healthcare quality. In addition, a group of processes, related to broader governance taskwork, were found to be important in enabling effective corporate governance of healthcare quality. Conclusion The work of governing healthcare quality, undertaken at the corporate governance level, is redefined in terms of these more detailed processes. This paper highlights that it is how well these key tasks are undertaken that is important in effective governance. When processes related to key tasks are omitted, the rituals of governance may appear to be satisfied but the responsibility may not be met. Boards and managers need to differentiate between common approaches to governance and practices that enable the fulfilment of governance responsibilities. This study provides practical guidance in outlining processes for effective corporate governance of healthcare quality and highlights areas for further examination.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Daniel Roth
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Rabbinic Literature ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
Key Terms

This introductory chapter defines the key terms and methodology through which the book will be analyzed. It begins with defining “third-party peacemaking and Jewish “rabbinic literature.” Then lays out the flow and structure of the various chapters of the book. The chapter then defines the various types of case studies to be examined in the book, consisting of “legends,” “historical accounts,” and ‘stories.” Finally, the chapter concludes with defining the three-layered methodology through which each case study will be analyzed: “text,” “theory,” and ‘practice.”

scholarly journals Drawing upon a Comparative Case Study of Iraq and Afghanistan Critically Assess the Success and Failures in the Negotiation Process to Get Personnel and/or Humanitarian Aid to Populations in Need

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Francesco Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
War On Terror ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
International Ngos

This paper critically assesses and compares the successes and failures of Non-Governmental Organizations(NGOs) in negotiating access to humanitarian spaces in two case studies, namely Afghanistan and Iraq. The case studies have been selected due to the nature of the two wars, namely the link to the “War on Terror” declared by President George W. Bush in 2001. As a consequence, the selected cases highlight highly politicized and insecure environments for the NGOs to work in. In terms of successes, the NGOs became more flexible in their organizational structure while solving cases on a day-to-day basis negotiating access with local as well as international actors. However, the nature of the conflicts completely shuttered any opportunity to uphold the principles of impartiality, neutrality and independence. In terms of failures, the case studies point out one of the main and most recurrent dilemmas for the NGOs, namely the lack of legitimacy and independency. As a consequence, many international NGOs engaged in remote projects using local personnel in insecure and dangerous areas lacking tools for monitoring the progresses and successes.

Preventing supplier non-conformance: extending the agency theory perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-340
Author(s):  
Anton Shevchenko ◽  
Mark Pagell ◽  
Moren Lévesque ◽  
David Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Agency Theory ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Qualitative Case Studies ◽  
Effective Path

PurposeThe supply chain management literature and agency theory suggest that preventing supplier non-conformance—a supplier's failure to conform to the requirements of the buyer—requires monitoring supplier behavior. However, case studies collected to explore how buyers monitored suppliers revealed an unexpected empirical phenomenon. Some buyers believed they could prevent non-conformance by either trusting their suppliers or relying on a third party, without monitoring their behavior. The purpose of this article is to examine conditions when buyers should monitor supplier behavior to prevent non-conformance.Design/methodology/approachThis article employs a mixed-method design by formulating an agent-based simulation grounded in the case-study findings and agency theory to reconcile observed unexpected behaviors with scholarly suggestions.FindingsThe simulation results indicate that buyers facing severe consequences from non-conformance should opt to monitor supplier behavior. Sourcing from trusted suppliers should only be reserved for buyers that lack competence and have a small number of carefully selected suppliers. Moreover, buyers facing minor consequences from non-conformance should generally favor sourcing from trusted suppliers over monitoring their behavior. The results also suggest that having a third-party involved in monitoring suppliers is an effective path to preventing non-conformance.Originality/valueBy combining a simulation with qualitative case studies, this article examines whether buyers were making appropriate decisions, thereby offering contributions to theory and practice that would not have been possible using either methodological approach alone.

scholarly journals Quadrature as applied to computer models for robust design: theoretical and empirical assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Frey ◽  
Yiben Lin ◽  
Petra Heijnen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Robust Design ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Computer Experiments ◽  
Engineering Systems ◽  
Probability Models ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Mean And Variance ◽  
Gauss Hermite Quadrature

Abstract This paper develops theoretical foundations for extending Gauss–Hermite quadrature to robust design with computer experiments. When the proposed method is applied with m noise variables, the method requires 4m + 1 function evaluations. For situations in which the polynomial response is separable, this paper proves that the method gives exact transmitted variance if the response is a fourth-order separable polynomial response. It is also proven that the relative error mean and variance of the method decrease with the dimensionality m if the response is separable. To further assess the proposed method, a probability model based on the effect hierarchy principle is used to generate sets of polynomial response functions. For typical populations of problems, it is shown that the proposed method has less than 5% error in 90% of cases. Simulations of five engineering systems were developed and, given parametric alternatives within each case study, a total of 12 case studies were conducted. A comparison is made between the cumulative density function for the hierarchical probability models and a corresponding distribution function for case studies. The data from the case-based evaluations are generally consistent with the results from the model-based evaluation.

(Un)necessary Hardships in “Getting There”

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Schaflechner
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Day Case ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Discursive Representations ◽  
Current Practices

Chapter 4 uses modern-day case studies and extensive fieldwork to depict the current situation for those undertaking the pilgrimage. It shows how the construction of the MCH brought about a modernization of transportation to the shrine and also a renaissance of the walking practice to Hinglaj. It demonstrates how the infrastructure that developed along with the MCH, easier access to water, and a reduced chance of becoming lost in the desert have led to a revitalization of walking patterns and to new interpretations of the concept of austerity (Skt. tapasyā). A case study of a group of Gujarati pilgrims from India shows the situation for Hinglaj devotees on the other side of the border whose path to the Goddess contrasts starkly with that of their Pakistani counterparts. The chapter also discusses how recent developments around Hinglaj have exposed a gap between the traditional discursive representations of the pilgrimage and current practices at the shrine.

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