scholarly journals Micro plastic Pollution in Coastal Water and Beach Sediments at Adyar and Cooum River Estuaries in Chennai Coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-514
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectrum ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
The World ◽  
Beach Sediments ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Ftir Spectrometer ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Wind Currents

Plastics having number of applications all over the world and its great usage lead to rapid increase in plastic production and disposal. Around 400 million tons of plastics produced per year worldwide, out of this only 18% of plastics recycled that has led to its poor disposal practice because discharged plastics overcome in the environment for several 100 years either in their original or fragmented form. The fragmentation of particles are caused by several factors like wind currents, wave currents, abrasions etc., leading to various sizes which are classified as macro- (≥25mm), meso-(<25mm–5mm) micro- (<5mm–1μm) and further Nano-plastics (<1μm).This study manly focusses on quantification of Micro plastics which can be identified in different shapes such as spherical beads (pellets), films, fragments, foam, fibers etc., and are generally composed of polyethylene (0.91-0.97 g/mL), polypropylene (0.94 g/mL), polyvinyl chloride (1.4 g/mL), and polystyrene (1.05 g/mL). For this analysis of micro plastic existence, the water samples have been collected from two locations such as Adyar and Cooum estuaries. 10 samples have been collected each location and carried over to the laboratory for FTIR- Spectrometer (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer) analysis along with the protocol laid by the NOAA. Typical infrared spectrum covers between 2.5 µm to 25 µm (4000 to 400 )

Analysis of Captan on Nitrile Glove Surfaces Using a Portable Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 724-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Phalen ◽  
Shane S. Que Hee
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Surface Films ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Ftir Spectrometer ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Solvent Volume

This study developed a method to produce uniform captan surface films on a disposable nitrile glove for quantitation with a portable attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrometer. A permeation test was performed using aqueous captan formulation. Uniform captan surface films were produced using solvent casting with 2-propanol and a 25 mm filter holder connected to a vacuum manifold to control solvent evaporation. The coefficient of variation of the reflectance at 1735 ± 5 cm−1 was minimized by selection of the optimum solvent volume, airflow rate, and evaporation time. At room temperature, the lower to upper quantifiable limits were 0.31–20.7 μg/cm2 ( r = 0.9967; p ≤ 0.05) for the outer glove surface and 0.55–17.5 μg/cm2 ( r = 0.9409; p ≤ 0.05) for the inner surface. Relative humidity and temperature did not affect the uncoated gloves at the wavelength of captan analysis. Glove screening using ATR-FTIR was necessary as a control for between-glove variation. Captan permeation, after 8 hours exposure to an aqueous concentration of 217 mg/mL of Captan 50-WP, was detected at 0.8 ± 0.3 μg/cm2 on the inner glove surface. ATR-FTIR can detect captan permeation and can determine the protectiveness of this glove in the field.

Data System and Software for a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1271-1278
Author(s):  
John W Philbrick ◽  
Wayne F Herr
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Text Processing ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
High Level Language ◽  
Laboratory Computer ◽  
Automatic Sample Changer ◽  
Sample Changer ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Ftir Spectrometer ◽  
High Level

Abstract The computer described has as its primary purpose the control of an FTIR spectrometer. This task requires enough power to handle the rather high peak load of this instrument. Software has been written to flexibly shift the system resources to meet this task, and to make these resources available to the spectroscopist for other jobs as required. Clearly these jobs include the routines of collecting, transforming, storing, and displaying the spectra of interest. The capabilities described go beyond that, to include the ability to handle an automatic sample changer, to vary the measurements made on samples within that sample changer as required, and to annotate the resulting plots with much of the routine bookkeeping data required in an analytical laboratory. This system has the ability to multitask — to perform up to 3 tasks at a time, or to pipeline — to automatically pass data from one region to another. Both of these provide enhanced productivity. The system supports high level language, for the user's own analyses. It has facilities for library searching, to help identify the unknown samples. Finally, it has text processing, to allow the user to prepare reports and papers in a modern way. In short, the line between an instrument computer and a laboratory computer has been blurred by the growth of the capabilities of the former.

Fourier transform infrared spectrum of 13C32S2 in the 3v3 band region

1996 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 1145-1155
Author(s):  
JACQUES WALRAND ◽  
GHISLAIN BLANQUET ◽  
JEAN-FRANCOIS BLAVIER ◽  
HARALD BREDOHL ◽  
IWAN DUBOIS
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectrum ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Band Region

A Fourier Transform Infrared Method of Studying Elastomers Filled with Carbon Black

1977 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Hart ◽  
P. C. Painter ◽  
J. L. Koenig ◽  
M. M. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Furnace Black ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Infrared Method ◽  
Principal Method ◽  
Transmission And Reflection

Infrared spectra have been obtained of carbon black filled polybutadiene using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Transmission and reflection techniques were employed. Polybutadiene was compounded with three fillers: Silene, general purpose furnace black, and Austin black. Subtle changes were observed in the vibrations of polybutadiene upon the addition of fillers. Transmission sampling through dilution with KBr gave better spectra than attenuated total reflection techniques in ease of data acquisition, and was therefore chosen as the principal method for further studies.

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum of FCN: The 1800–2800 cm−1Spectral Range

1997 ◽  
Vol 181 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Farkhsi ◽  
H. Bredohl ◽  
I. Dubois ◽  
F. Remy ◽  
A. Fayt
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectrum ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared

scholarly journals Construction of in situ degradation bacteria of corn straw and analysis of its degradation efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiujie Gong ◽  
Hongtao Zou ◽  
Chunrong Qian ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Yubo Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Degradation Efficiency ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Degradation ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Purpose The highly efficient degradation bacteria were selected from the humus from the very cold straw in China for many years to construct the in situ degradation bacteria, and the degradation efficiency of corn straw was determined by process optimization. Methods According to the main components of corn straw, through morphological, physiological, and biochemical screening, three highly efficient complementary degradation strains were selected to construct the compound flora, and the degradation efficiency was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, field emission scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffractometer. Result The corn straw selected in this paper is mainly composed of cellulose (31.99%), hemicellulose (25.33%), and lignin (14.67%). Through the determination of enzyme activity, strain Streptomyces sp. G1T has high decomposition ability to cellulose and hemicellulose but weak utilization ability to lignin; strain Streptomyces sp. G2T has the strongest decomposition ability to cellulose and hemicellulose among the three strains. The decomposition ability of strain Streptomyces sp. G3T to lignin was the strongest among the three strains. Therefore, by compounding the three strains, the decomposition ability has been greatly improved. The optimal process conditions obtained by single factor and response surface method are as follows: pH is 7, temperature is 30 °C, inoculation amount is 5%, rotational speed is 210 rpm, and the weight loss rate of straw is 60.55% after decomposing for 7 days. A large amount of degradation of corn straw can be seen by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, field emission scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffractometer. Conclusion Streptomyces sp. G1T, Streptomyces sp. G2T, and Streptomyces sp. G3T screened from straw humus in very cold areas were used to construct in situ degradation bacteria, which had good straw degradation activity and had the potential to be used for straw treatment in cold areas after harvest. This characteristic makes the complex bacteria become a strong competitive candidate for industrial production, and it is also an effective biotechnology in line with the current recycling of resources.

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