scholarly journals Ciphering and Deciphering Messages by Graph Labeling Techniques Through Multilevel Cryptosystem

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S5) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Graph Labeling ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Cipher Text ◽  
Graph Pattern ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Symmetric Key ◽  
Four Square ◽  
Secure Transmission

In this paper we present an upgraded technique of coding a message using Multilevel Cryptosystem based on Four square Cipher, Mono alphabetic Substitution Cipher and Columnar Transposition cipher subjected to Graph labeling. We send our Cipher text in the form of graph pattern which admits Root cube mean labeling. Further by using the secret key the receiver decrypts the edge labels which is shared by the sender. Here we employ Symmetric key cryptosystem for both encryption and decryption of messages as both the sender as well as thereceiver shares the same key for encryption and decryption of messages. In this research work we performed Multilevel Cryptographic technique together with Graph Labeling concept to save the messages from third party or Hackers ensuring secure transmission of messages

scholarly journals Encryption and Decryption Algorithms in Symmetric Key Cryptography Using Graph Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 3420-3427
Author(s):  
P. A. S. D. Perera, G. S . Wijesiri
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Symmetric Cryptography ◽  
Asymmetric Cryptography ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Symmetric Key ◽  
Original Message ◽  
Symmetric Key Cryptography ◽  
Form Graph

The present-day society depends heavily on digital technology where it is used in many applications such as banking and e-commerce transactions, computer passwords, etc. Therefore, it is important to protect information when storing and sharing them. Cryptography is the study of secret writing which applies complex math rules to convert the original message into an incomprehensible form.  Graph theory is applied in the field of cryptography as graphs can be simply converted into matrices There are two approaches of cryptography; symmetric cryptography and asymmetric cryptography. This paper proposes a new connection between graph theory and symmetric cryptography to protect the information from the unauthorized parties. This proposed methodology uses a matrix as the secret key which adds more security to the cryptosystem. It converts the plaintext into several graphs and represents these graphs in their matrix form. Also, this generates several ciphertexts. The size of the resulting ciphertexts are larger than the plaintext size.

scholarly journals Enhanced Content Based Double Encryption Algorithm Using Symmetric Key Cryptography

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-351
Author(s):  
Junestarfield Kynshi ◽  
Deepa Jose
Keyword(s):  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Cipher Text ◽  
Xor Operation ◽  
Symmetric Key ◽  
Binary Addition ◽  
Secure Network ◽  
Symmetric Key Cryptography

This paper aims to solve the problems of the existing technique of the content based double encryption algorithm using symmetric key cryptography. Simple binary addition, folding method and logical XOR operation are used to encrypt the content of a plaintext as well as the secret key.This algorithm helps to achieve the secure transfer of data throught the network. It solved the problems of the existing algorithm and provides a better solution. The plaintext are encrypted using the above methods and produce a cipher text. The secret key is encrypted and shared through secure network and without knowing the secret key it is difficult to decipher the text. As per expected, enhanced encryption algorithm gives better result than the existing encryption algorithm.

scholarly journals Secure Cloud Storage using Secret Key Sharing and Proxy Re-Encryption Based Third Party Auditing Service

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1927-1931
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Cloud Service Provider ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Secure Cloud Storage ◽  
Third Party Auditing

Cloud Computing (CC) provides an easy way to access and store the information by vast remote servers, instead of using personal computer. There is no physical control over personal data by user, hence some security issues may arise for users and organization to secure the data in cloud. The sensitive data can be hacked by attackers, so the integrity of data stored in cloud is a major concern for users. In this research work, the data integrity can be ensured by using Third Party Storage Auditing Service (TPSAS), where it satisfies all the requirements of users in cloud. The ultimate aim of this research is to avoid the unauthorized access of user’s data stored in the cloud. In this paper, two major problems are considered for attaining the integrity of data in the cloud. The first one is, the unauthorized user tries to modify the data, which is solved by the proposed TPSAS. The second problem considered in this research is, since the Cloud Service Provider (CSP) is semi trustable it can be malfunctioned at any time, which can be solved based on the secure secret key sharing algorithm and proxy re-encryption methodology. The secure secret key sharing is implemented based on the Shamir key sharing algorithm and the proxy re-encryption process is implemented based on the bear and lion proxy re-encryption methodology.

scholarly journals A New Hybrid Cryptography Technique in Wireless Sensor Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 121-131
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Data Encryption ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithm ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Symmetric Key

The wireless sensor network is a large number of tiny nodes installed in insecure environment for monitoring, gathering and transferring data and are prone to security threats for its limited resources. In order to transmit the data and to protect from different attacks in the network, security is maintained. To achieve confidentiality, authenticity and authorization of data which secure the data from different attacks cryptographic algorithm were used. The number of keys used in the cryptographic algorithm determines the security of the data. Cryptographic algorithms are broadly classified into two types symmetric cryptography and asymmetric cryptography. In the symmetric key cryptographic algorithm, a secret key is shared in the network and in asymmetric key cryptographic algorithm two keys are used for data security. In wireless sensor network, symmetric key cryptography required more storage to store the key among all the nodes of the network and in asymmetric key cryptography more computation time is require for the data encryption and decryption. To avoid memory and computation overhead we proposed a hybrid cryptosystem to handle the security in the wireless sensor network. Initially shared key is exchanged among nodes using ECC which is a public key algorithm. Data is encrypted and decrypted using RC4 symmetric key algorithm. Various performance measures such as time taken for encryption and decryption process and memory needed for storing cipher text data. The proposed model shows faster encryption of data and takes less memory for key storage as compared to the traditional approach.

scholarly journals Picpass Algorithm for Solution of Key Exchange Problem in Symmetric and Asymmetric Key Cryptography

2021 ◽  
pp. 305-308
Author(s):  
Anchal Goyal ◽  
Deepinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Public Key Cryptography ◽  
Key Exchange ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Dictionary Attack ◽  
Plain Text ◽  
Cipher Text ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Symmetric Key ◽  
Dictionary Attacks

In this dissertation a PicPass algorithm is proposed for the solution of Key Exchange problem using Symmetric and Asymmetric key cryptography. Diffie and Hellman proposed an algorithm for key exchange. But this algorithm suffers from Man-in middle attack. So to overcome this problem Seo proposed another algorithm that uses text password for the agreement between two parties. But again the password suffers from offline dictionary attack. In this, a PicPass Protocol i.e. picture is used as a password to make an agreement between two parties. The protocol contains two function i.e. picture function as well as distortion function is used to make picture in a compact size and then it is sent to receiver. Firstly the sender encrypts the Plain Text using Secret Picture and creates the Cipher Text using Symmetric key cryptography.Then the Secret Picture will be encrypted by covered picture resulting into Encrypted Picture.Now the Cipher Text and Encrypted Picture will be placed into digital envolpe and then the envelope will be send to the receiver. The receiver will receive the digital envelope, open it and then decrypt the Encrypted Picture using his Key Picture. This will result the receiver to get the Secret Picture. Now the receiver will open the Cipher Text using the Secret Picture and get the Plain Text. In between if any person wants to predict the Encrypted Picture then he cannot guess as the picture will only be decrypted using the Secret Key which will be only with the receiver. So in this dissertation, a picture is used as a password to authenticate key exchange is that gives practical solution against offline dictionary attacks only by using both private and public key cryptography.

scholarly journals A Brief Review on Methodology of Cryptanalysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
K V Srinivasa Rao ◽  
M M Naidu ◽  
R. Satya Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Provable Security ◽  
Block Ciphers ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Rigorous Analysis ◽  
Distinguishing Attack ◽  
Cipher Text ◽  
Security Models ◽  
Cryptographic Primitive ◽  
Symmetric Key

Cryptanalysis comes into deferent forms in order to support that rigorous analysis of the structure cryptographic primitive to evaluate and verify its claimed security margins. This analysis will follow the attack models represented previously in order to exploit possible weakness in the primitive. Thus, achieving the associated attack goals which will vary from a distinguishing attack to a total break that is defined based on the security margins or claims of the primitive under study. For example, for a hash function, total break constitutes finding a collision or obtaining the message from the hash value. While in block ciphers it revolves around recovering the secret key. When it comes to the claimed security margins, the design approaches will follow certain security models as in provable security or practical security or a mixture of both. The role of cryptanalyst is to subject these primitives to different existing categories of cryptanalysis approaches and tailor new ones that will push the design’s security margins if possible to new limits where these attacks are not applicable any more This chapter will introduce the prominent methods of cryptanalysis that utilize certain behavior in the cipher structure. Such behavior disturbs the assumed randomness of the output or the cipher text. This Paper will explore the basic definitions of prominent cryptanalysis methods that targets the specific structure of a cipher namely differential and linear cryptanalysis and their different variants. It will also discuss other potential crytpanalytic methods that are usually used in symmetric-key ciphers analysis especially block ciphers.

scholarly journals Cipher Text Policy Attribute based Encryption (Cp-Abe) using Concealed Policy in Public Cloud

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 3018-3023
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Cloud Environment ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Access Policy ◽  
Cipher Text ◽  
Legitimate User ◽  
Role Based ◽  
Two Stages

Cloud computing focus on the data storage and the management. Since the cloud is open source for the user there have to protect the privacy and the security of the data which are less maintenances. There are several approaches designed to establish a secure data. The Signature work of this scheme is to allow the user to verify the shared in the cloud using the secret key. The anonymzed access policy can be viewed by the Cloud Service Provider (CSP) and the user; hence the recipient information will not be leaked or disclosed. The novel idea of this method is to conserve the privacy of the access policy using Cipher text Policy Access Based Encryption (CP- ABE) scheme. We have proposed a novel system, “Concealed Policy using mandatory and Role based”, using time elapsed of 10 secs. Within the required time the user, should response to the cloud using their Secret key(SK) to decrypt the file, and the owners with the Public key (PK), must encrypt the file using the mandatory access and upload it to the Third Party Auditor (TPA).This will improves the security to the user in the cloud environment. The concealed policy relies on two stages, there is Mandatory policy and Role based policy using the signature verification. Which are more efficient to the user to encrypt and decrypt the file. Without verification of the signature, the legitimate user cannot access the particulars in the cloud environment. If the signature of the user is valid, there can access (decrypt) the file using the SK. whereas, invalid signature occurs the TPA (Third Party Auditor) traces the reasonable user responsible for the signature and check with the mandatory access to encrypt the file, Nether less the access den ailed.

scholarly journals Encryption and Decryption of a Message Involving Byte Rotation Technique and Invertible Matrix

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1160-1163
Keyword(s):  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Invertible Matrix ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Cipher Text ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Congruence Modulo ◽  
Rotation Technique

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new encryption algorithm involving byte rotation and invertible matrix. In the proposed algorithm firstly we apply byte rotation to get an intermediate cipher and then applying the invertible matrix (modulo 27), which gives the final cipher text. Using secret key matrix along with congruence modulo, the message can be encrypted and decrypted perfectly.

scholarly journals Symmetric Key based Encryption and Decryption using Lissajous Curve Equations

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Santhosh Kumar B.J. ◽  
Kruthika Vijay
Keyword(s):  
Prime Numbers ◽  
Brute Force ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Symmetric Key ◽  
The Common ◽  
Brute Force Attack ◽  
Substitution Cipher

Sender and receiver both uses two large similar prime numbers and uses parametric equations for swapping values of kx and by product of kx and ky is the common secret key. Generated secret key is used for encryption and decryption using ASCII key matrix of order 16X16. Applying playfair rules for encryption and decryption. Playfair is a digraph substitution cipher. Playfair makes use of pairs of letters for encryption and decryption. This application makes use of all ASCII characters which makes brute force attack impossible.

A Survey on Chaos Based Encryption Technique

2019 ◽  
pp. 147-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anandkumar R ◽  
Kalpana R.
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Unique Characteristic ◽  
Computing Services ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Military Systems ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Real Time Computing ◽  
Secure Transmission

Information security is an important field among the pervasive use of applications namely internet banking, mobile services, emails, viz., chaos-based encryption techniques play an important role in many security processes, namely: military systems, robotics, and other real time computing services. The secure transmission of audio, image and video are processed with unique characteristic of a third-party which makes the encryption and decryption highly secure for the users. In this chapter, a detailed survey on the various chaos-based encryption techniques is discussed and analyzed.

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