scholarly journals Access Control Mechanism for IoT using Blockchain

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5473-5481
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Distributed Approach ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Share Data ◽  
Failure Point

In our everyday lives, IoT plays a vital role. It is crucial to sense, capture and share data from connected devices via internet. Existing system proposed centralized client/server approach where central authority keeps a record of all the activities. Failure of such centralized authority makes the whole system fail. A decentralized / distributed approach is therefore needed if a single failure point is avoided. In this paper contains information to integrating Blockchain in IoT ecosystem in order to achieve access control. We proposed smart contract based architecture which consist multiple permission contract, one decision contract and one entry contract, to achieve distributed and secure IoT device access control. To conclude system framework, we provide a case study in an IoT system with two laptops and one Raspberry Pi single-board computers, where the PCs, DC and EC are implemented based on the Ethereum smart contract platform to achieve the access control

scholarly journals Reliable Task Management Based on a Smart Contract for Runtime Verification of Sensing and Actuating Tasks in IoT Environments

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Hang ◽  
Do-Hyeun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Runtime Verification ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Task Management ◽  
Business Logic ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Networking Technologies

With the gradual popularization of Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications and the development of wireless networking technologies, the use of heterogeneous devices and runtime verification of task fulfillment with different constraints are required in real-world IoT scenarios. As far as IoT systems are concerned, most of them are built on centralized architectures, which reveal various assailable points in data security and privacy threats. Hence, this paper aims to investigate these issues by delegating the responsibility of a verification monitor from a centralized architecture to a decentralized manner using blockchain technology. We present a smart contract-based task management scheme to provide runtime verification of device behaviors and allows trustworthy access control to these devices. The business logic of the proposed system is specified by the smart contract, which automates all time-consuming processes cryptographically and correctly. The usability of the proposed solution is further demonstrated by implementing a prototype application in which the Hyperledger Fabric is utilized to implement the business logic for runtime verification and access control with one desktop and one Raspberry Pi. A comprehensive evaluation experiment is conducted, and the results indicate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed system.

scholarly journals BlendCAC: A Smart Contract Enabled Decentralized Capability-Based Access Control Mechanism for the IoT

Computers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronghua Xu ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Erik Blasch ◽  
Genshe Chen
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Role Based Access Control ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Attribute Based Access Control ◽  
Role Based

While Internet of Things (IoT) technology has been widely recognized as an essential part of Smart Cities, it also brings new challenges in terms of privacy and security. Access control (AC) is among the top security concerns, which is critical in resource and information protection over IoT devices. Traditional access control approaches, like Access Control Lists (ACL), Role-based Access Control (RBAC) and Attribute-based Access Control (ABAC), are not able to provide a scalable, manageable and efficient mechanism to meet the requirements of IoT systems. Another weakness in today’s AC is the centralized authorization server, which can cause a performance bottleneck or be the single point of failure. Inspired by the smart contract on top of a blockchain protocol, this paper proposes BlendCAC, which is a decentralized, federated capability-based AC mechanism to enable effective protection for devices, services and information in large-scale IoT systems. A federated capability-based delegation model (FCDM) is introduced to support hierarchical and multi-hop delegation. The mechanism for delegate authorization and revocation is explored. A robust identity-based capability token management strategy is proposed, which takes advantage of the smart contract for registration, propagation, and revocation of the access authorization. A proof-of-concept prototype has been implemented on both resources-constrained devices (i.e., Raspberry PI nodes) and more powerful computing devices (i.e., laptops) and tested on a local private blockchain network. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the BlendCAC to offer a decentralized, scalable, lightweight and fine-grained AC solution for IoT systems.

scholarly journals Privacy-aware Decentralized and Scalable Access Control Management for IoT Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abrar O. Alkhamisi and Fathy Alboraei Abrar O. Alkhamisi and Fathy Alboraei
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Authentication And Authorization ◽  
Security Concerns ◽  
Iot Devices

In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) plays a vital role in our daily activities .Owing to the increased number of vulnerabilities on the IoT devices, security becomes critical in the untrustworthy IoT environment. Access control is one of the top security concerns, however, implementing the traditional access control mechanisms in the resource-constrained nature of the IoT devices is a challenging task. With the emergence of blockchain technology, several recent research works have focused on the adoption of blockchain in IoT to resolve the security concerns. Despite, integrating the blockchain in the resource-constrained IoT context is difficult. To overcome these obstacles, the proposed work presents a privacy-aware IoT security architecture to ensure the access control based on Smart contract for resource-constrained and distributed IoT devices. The design of the proposed architecture incorporates three main components such as the contextual blockchain gateway, decentralized revocation manager, and non-interactive zero-knowledge proof based validation. By modeling the contextual blockchain gateway, the proposed architecture ensures the dynamic authentication and authorization based on the contextual information and access policies. Instead of integrating the blockchain technology into resource-constrained IoT devices, the smart contract-based distributed access control system with the contextual blockchain gateway provides the scalable solution. With the association of decentralized revocation manager in the smart contract, it prevents the resource access from the unauthorized users by dynamically generating and updating the revoked user list of all the nodes in the smart contract. Moreover, the proposed architecture employs the non-interactive zeroknowledge proof cryptographic protocol to ensure the transaction privacy within the smart contract. Consequently, it maintains the trade-off between the transparency and privacy while ensuring the security for the distributed IoT environment.

scholarly journals BlendCAC: A Smart Contract Enabled Decentralized Capability-Based Access Control Mechanism for IoT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronghua Xu ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Erik Blasch ◽  
Genshe Chen
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Role Based Access Control ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Attribute Based Access Control ◽  
Role Based

While the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has been widely recognized as the essential part of Smart Cities, it also brings new challenges in terms of privacy and security. Access control (AC) is among the top security concerns, which is critical in resource and information protection over IoT devices. Traditional access control approaches, like Access Control Lists (ACL), Role-based Access Control (RBAC) and Attribute-based Access Control (ABAC), are not able to provide a scalable, manageable and efficient mechanism to meet the requirements of IoT systems. Another weakness in today's AC is the centralized authorization server, which can be the performance bottleneck or the single point of failure. Inspired by the smart contract on top of a blockchain protocol, this paper proposes BlendCAC, which is a decentralized, federated capability-based AC mechanism to enable an effective protection for devices, services and information in large scale IoT systems. A federated capability-based delegation model (FCDM) is introduced to support hierarchical and multi-hop delegation. The mechanism for delegate authorization and revocation is explored. A robust identity-based capability token management strategy is proposed, which takes advantage of the smart contract for registering, propagating and revocating of the access authorization. A proof-of-concept prototype has been implemented on both resources-constrained devices (i.e., Raspberry PI node) and more powerful computing devices (i.e., laptops), and tested on a local private blockchain network. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the BlendCAC to offer a decentralized, scalable, lightweight and fine-grained AC solution for IoT systems.

scholarly journals Hyperledger Fabric Access Control System for Internet of Things Layer in Blockchain-Based Applications

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1054
Author(s):  
Adnan Iftekhar ◽  
Xiaohui Cui ◽  
Qi Tao ◽  
Chengliang Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Access Control ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Access Control System ◽  
Attribute Based Access Control ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Gain Access

Blockchain-based applications are gaining traction in various application fields, including supply chain management, health care, and finance. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a critical component of these applications since it allows for data collection from the environment. In this work, we integrate the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain and IoT devices to demonstrate the access control and establish the root of trust for IoT devices. The Hyperledger Fabric is designed to be secure against unwanted access and use through encryption protocols, access restrictions, and cryptography algorithms. An attribute-based access control (ABAC) mechanism was created using Hyperledger Fabric components only to gain access to the IoT device. Single board computers based on the ARM architecture are becoming increasingly powerful and popular in automation applications. In this study, the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B based on ARM64 architecture is used as the IoT device. Because the ARM64 architecture is not supported by default, we build executable binaries and Docker images for the ARM64 architecture, using the Hyperledger Fabric source code. On an IoT device, we run the fabric node in native mode to evaluate the executable binaries generated for the ARM64 architecture. Through effective chaincode execution and testing, we successfully assess the Hyperledger fabric blockchain implementation and access control mechanism on the ARM64 architecture.

Theological Principles in the Qur'an: Sūrat al-Baqara as a Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-139
Author(s):  
Hasan Shafie
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence

In this study we propose the establishment of theological rules (qawāʿid iʿtiqādiyya) similar to the jurisitic rules (qawāʿid fiqhiyya) which have for centuries been very important to Islamic jurisprudence, and which play a vital role in jurisprudence and uṣūl al-fiqh. The present article takes the second sura of the Qur'an, Sūrat al-Baqara, as a case study, identifying three fundamental principles in this sura: (i) man is honoured (al-insān mukarram), (ii) the Resurrection is a reality (al-baʿth ḥaqq) (iii) belief in all prophets is obligatory (al-īmān bi-kāfat al-anbiyāʾ wājib). These three rules are emphasised and reiterated in many parts of the sura, to a greater extent than any other principle. This study calls for other scholars to consider this proposition and develop it further.

Development of hardware and software system for access control and management

Ergodesign ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Igor Pestov ◽  
Polina Shinkareva ◽  
Sofia Kosheleva ◽  
Maxim Burmistrov
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Software System ◽  
Hardware System ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
Arduino Uno ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Hardware Platforms ◽  
Hardware And Software System

This article aims to develop a hardware-software system for access control and management based on the hardware platforms Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi. The developed software and hardware system is designed to collect data and store them in the database. The presented complex can be carried and used anywhere, which explains its high mobility.

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