AR APLINKOS VEIKSNIŲ POVEIKIS GALI BŪTI SIEJAMAS SU ŠIZOFRENIJOS IŠSIVYSTYMU?

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Vidmantas Grigas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Perinatal Infection

Tyrimo tikslas. Apžvelgti ir apibendrinti įrodymais grįstos medicinos duomenis apie šizofrenijos proceso vystymosi eigą, išorinės aplinkos veiksnių tikėtiną poveikį, simptomų raišką ir ankstyvo ligos atpažinimo galimybes bendrosios praktikos gydytojo darbe. Metodika. Atlikta teminių straipsnių paieška Pubmed, Cochrane, SpringerLink duomenų bazėse, naudojant reikšminius žodžius: šizofrenija, rizikos veiksniai, kanapės, ankstyvos vaikystės traumos, urbanizacija, D vitaminas, perinatalinė infekcija, bendrosios praktikos gydytojas (angl. schizophrenia,risk factors, cannabis, childhood trauma, urbanisation, vitamin D, perinatal infection, general practitioner). Iš daugiau nei 100 mokslinių publikacijų, atrinkta 30 straipsnių. Rezultatai. Apžvelgti su šizofrenijos išsivystymu susiję pagrindiniai rizikos veiksniai, simptomų raiška ir ligos išsivystymo modelis. Įvertintas išorinės aplinkos veiksnių ryšys su šizofrenijos išsivystymu. Išvados. Nustatyta, jog išorinės aplinkos veiksniai susiję su šizofrenijos išsivystymu. Kanapių vartojimas, ankstyvosios vaikystės traumos, urbanizacija susiję su padidėjusia šizofrenijos išsivystymo rizika ar stipriau išreikštais ligos simptomais. Stebimas padidėjęs ligos pasireiškimo dažnis tarp tų pacientų, kuriems buvo nustatyta sumažėjusi D vitamino koncentracija organizme, ar perinataliniu laikotarpiu pasireiškė infekcija.

Therapeutic options in male osteoporosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Farahmand ◽  
J. D. Ringe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Male Osteoporosis ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Male Patients

SummaryOsteoporosis in men is increasingly recognized as an important public health problem but affected patients are still under-diagnosed and -treated. As in women the diagnostic and therapeutic strategy has to be adapted to the individual case. In the practical management it is very important to detect possible causes of secondary osteoporosis, to explain the possibilities of basic therapy counteracting individual risk factors and communicate that osteoporosis is a chronic disease and adherence to a long-term treatment is crucial. In established severe osteoporosis a careful analgesic therapy is important to avoid further bone loss related to immobility. In elderly men with increased risk of falling insufficient Vitamin D supply or impaired activation of Vitamin D due to renal insufficiency must be taken into consideration. Specific medications available today for the treatment of male osteoporosis comprise among antiresorptive drugs the bis phosphonates alendronate, risedronate and zoledronic acid. Denosumab, the first biological therapy is approved for men with androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. An important advantage of this potent antiresorptive drug is the increased adherence due to the comfortable application by sixmonthly subcutaneous injections. Study results from the 2-year multi-center randomized controlled ADAMO-Study will very soon allow the use of denosumab in all types of male osteoporosis. Teriparatide, the 34 N-terminal amino acid sequence of parathyroid hormone was approved for men with osteoporosis as an anabolic agent based on proven efficacy by different studies. Among drugs with other modes of action the D-hormone pro-drug alfacalcidol can be used in men alone or in combination with the advantage of pleiotropic effects on calcium absorption, parathyroids, bone and muscle. Recently also Strontium-ranelate was approved for male patients with the limitation to exclude men with clinical relevant cardiovascular risk factors. In general the possibilities to treat male osteoporosis have considerably improved during recent years. Today there is a choice of a spectrum of drugs from mild to strong potency with different modes of action on bone turnover to design strategies for individual male patients.

Prevalence and risk factors of low vitamin D in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakhraddeen Muhammad ◽  
Andrew Uloko ◽  
Ibrahim Gezawa ◽  
Adenike Enikuomehin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D

Association of Vitamin D Levels and Other Risk Factors with Asthma Exacerbations in Children

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Asthma Exacerbations ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Animal Dander

Background: The risk factors for asthma exacerbations are well understood. However, the effect of vitamin D levels on number of asthma exacerbations per year is not clearly studied. The objective of the study was to find out the association of serum vitamin D levels and asthma risk factors on asthma exacerbations. Methods: In this study, ninety-nine subjects from 5 to 15 years of age were recruited at an episode of acute exacerbation. It was a cross sectional study and carried out from 2012 to 2015. Pulmonary function test was done by spirometry. Asthma exacerbation was labeled when forced expiratory volume/ forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio was less than 80% (American Thoracic Society). Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines were used to classify asthma into mild, moderate and severe persistent asthma. Serum vitamin D levels were measured by chemiluminescence method. Pearson Chi-square test was applied and p value (p<0.05) was considered as statistically significant. Results: Children who had exposure to animal dander had significantly lower asthma exacerbations per year (p-value <0.046). There was no significant association between vitamin D levels and number of exacerbations per years (p-value <0.099). Asthma was prevalent in girls of low socioeconomic status (SES) compared to males. However, there was no significant association between smoke, exercise, home environment, food allergies, weather, pollen and dust with asthma exacerbations. Conclusion: Low levels of vitamin D were not associated with increased number of asthma exacerbations per year. However, children exposed to animal dander had lesser number of exacerbations per year (p-value <0.046). Keywords: Asthma; Vitamin D; Children; Exacerbations, Risk factors.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Vitamin D Deficiency among HIV-Infected and Uninfected Injection Drug Users

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e95802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison A. Lambert ◽  
M. Bradley Drummond ◽  
Shruti H. Mehta ◽  
Todd T. Brown ◽  
Gregory M. Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injection Drug

scholarly journals Routine clinical care data from thirteen cardiac outpatient clinics: design of the Cardiology Centers of the Netherlands (CCN) database

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie H. Bots ◽  
Klaske R. Siegersma ◽  
N. Charlotte Onland-Moret ◽  
Folkert W. Asselbergs ◽  
G. Aernout Somsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
Daily Care ◽  
Cardiac Symptoms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Patient Groups

Abstract Background Despite the increasing availability of clinical data due to the digitalisation of healthcare systems, data often remain inaccessible due to the diversity of data collection systems. In the Netherlands, Cardiology Centers of the Netherlands (CCN) introduced “one-stop shop” diagnostic clinics for patients suspected of cardiac disease by their general practitioner. All CCN clinics use the same data collection system and standardised protocol, creating a large regular care database. This database can be used to describe referral practices, evaluate risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in important patient subgroups, and develop prediction models for use in daily care. Construction and content The current database contains data on all patients who underwent a cardiac workup in one of the 13 CCN clinics between 2007 and February 2018 (n = 109,151, 51.9% women). Data were pseudonymised and contain information on anthropometrics, cardiac symptoms, risk factors, comorbidities, cardiovascular and family history, standard blood laboratory measurements, transthoracic echocardiography, electrocardiography in rest and during exercise, and medication use. Clinical follow-up is based on medical need and consisted of either a repeat visit at CCN (43.8%) or referral for an external procedure in a hospital (16.5%). Passive follow-up via linkage to national mortality registers is available for 95% of the database. Utility and discussion The CCN database provides a strong base for research into historically underrepresented patient groups due to the large number of patients and the lack of in- and exclusion criteria. It also enables the development of artificial intelligence-based decision support tools. Its contemporary nature allows for comparison of daily care with the current guidelines and protocols. Missing data is an inherent limitation, as the cardiologist could deviate from standardised protocols when clinically indicated. Conclusion The CCN database offers the opportunity to conduct research in a unique population referred from the general practitioner to the cardiologist for diagnostic workup. This, in combination with its large size, the representation of historically underrepresented patient groups and contemporary nature makes it a valuable tool for expanding our knowledge of cardiovascular diseases. Trial registration: Not applicable.

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