Association of Vitamin D Levels and Other Risk Factors with Asthma Exacerbations in Children

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry ◽

10.36283/pjmd9-4/004 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Persistent Asthma ◽

Food Allergies ◽

P Value ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Asthma Exacerbations ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Animal Dander

Background: The risk factors for asthma exacerbations are well understood. However, the effect of vitamin D levels on number of asthma exacerbations per year is not clearly studied. The objective of the study was to ﬁnd out the association of serum vitamin D levels and asthma risk factors on asthma exacerbations. Methods: In this study, ninety-nine subjects from 5 to 15 years of age were recruited at an episode of acute exacerbation. It was a cross sectional study and carried out from 2012 to 2015. Pulmonary function test was done by spirometry. Asthma exacerbation was labeled when forced expiratory volume/ forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio was less than 80% (American Thoracic Society). Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines were used to classify asthma into mild, moderate and severe persistent asthma. Serum vitamin D levels were measured by chemiluminescence method. Pearson Chi-square test was applied and p value (p<0.05) was considered as statistically signiﬁcant. Results: Children who had exposure to animal dander had signiﬁcantly lower asthma exacerbations per year (p-value <0.046). There was no signiﬁcant association between vitamin D levels and number of exacerbations per years (p-value <0.099). Asthma was prevalent in girls of low socioeconomic status (SES) compared to males. However, there was no signiﬁcant association between smoke, exercise, home environment, food allergies, weather, pollen and dust with asthma exacerbations. Conclusion: Low levels of vitamin D were not associated with increased number of asthma exacerbations per year. However, children exposed to animal dander had lesser number of exacerbations per year (p-value <0.046). Keywords: Asthma; Vitamin D; Children; Exacerbations, Risk factors.

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Influence of serum vitamin D levels on control and severity of asthma in children

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20201141 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 843

Author(s):

Savitha M. R. ◽

Gayatri R. Pawar

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Persistent Asthma ◽

P Value ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Asthma In Children ◽

Gina Guidelines ◽

Low Serum

Background: To determine the association between the serum vitamin D levels with the control and severity of asthma.Methods: A total of 113 asthmatic children were enrolled in the study who were on regular follow-up and treatment for the past 6 or more months. The demographic details, presenting complaints, aggravating factors, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, hospital and ICU stay, duration of sunlight exposure, drug compliance and detailed clinical examination findings were noted in the predesigned proforma. Control of asthma was assessed based on GINA guidelines 2018 as well controlled, partly controlled and poorly controlled. The partly controlled and the poorly controlled group were further combined and labelled as not well controlled group. Severity of asthma was categorized into intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent and severe persistent. Serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D was assessed by solid phase ELISA. The well controlled and partly controlled group were compared for all studied parameters.Results: Asthma status of the subjects was categorized as well controlled (59%) as partly controlled (40%) and as poorly controlled (1%). Children with partly and poorly controlled asthma had significantly more vitamin D deficiency (10.9%) and insufficiency (32.6%) compared to well controlled group (4.5% and 4.5% respectively), with p value= 0.000. Low serum vitamin D levels are significantly associated with moderate and severe persistent asthma (p value= 0.009). Exercise significantly induced symptoms in 47.8% of not well controlled group and about 25.4% in well controlled group (p value= 0.014). Examination findings such as wheeze on auscultation was significantly more in not well controlled group.Conclusions: Low serum vitamin D levels are associated with poor control of asthma in children and the severity of asthma is inversely proportional to the serum vitamin D levels.

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Association between vitamin D deficiency and prostate cancer: Prospective case-control study

Journal of Clinical Urology ◽

10.1177/2051415821993606 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 205141582199360

Author(s):

Ghanshyam Kumawat ◽

Vijay Chaudhary ◽

Anurag Garg ◽

Nishkarsh Mehta ◽

Gagan Talwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

P Value ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Severe Vitamin ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Control Study

Objective: We aimed to find out the association of low serum vitamin D levels with the incidence of prostate cancer through a prospective case-control study. Material and methods: This study was carried out in the tertiary care hospital (India). All newly diagnosed patients of prostate cancer and age-matched controls were included. Serum vitamin D levels were measured in all of them. Vitamin D status (ng/mL) was classified as severe deficiency <10, moderate deficiency 10–<30, normal 30–100, and toxicity >100. Normality of the data was tested by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, statistical analysis was done with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26.0, p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: In our study, 320 cases and 320 controls were included. The mean vitamin D levels in cases and controls were 15.71 ± 6.5 (ng/mL) and 17.63 ± 4.54 (ng/mL), respectively, ( p-Value <0.01). Patients with severe vitamin D deficiency (73.58%) had a Gleason score ⩾8 on biopsy and 79.24% of them had a serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level >20 ng/mL. Conclusion: We had concluded that there was no significant association between vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of prostate cancer, although patients with higher-grade prostate cancer and with higher PSA level had severe vitamin D deficiency. Level of evidence: Not applicable for this multicentre audit.

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Personal and Environmental Risk Factors at Birth and Hospital Admission: Direct and Vitamin D-Mediated Effects on Bronchiolitis Hospitalization in Italian Children

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18020747 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 747

Author(s):

Marco Zaffanello ◽

Giuliana Ferrante ◽

Salvatore Fasola ◽

Michele Piazza ◽

Giorgio Piacentini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Hospital Admission ◽

Environmental Risk ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Spring Season ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Mediated Effects ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Seasonal variations in UV-B radiation may influence vitamin D status, and this, in turn, may influence the risk of bronchiolitis hospitalization. The aim of this study was using a causal inference approach to investigate, simultaneously, the interrelationships between personal and environmental risk factors at birth/hospital admission (RFBH), serum vitamin D levels and bronchiolitis hospitalization. A total of 63 children (<2 years old) hospitalized for bronchiolitis (34 RSV-positive) and 63 controls were consecutively enrolled (2014–2016). Vitamin D levels and some RFBH (birth season, birth weight, gestational age, gender, age, weight, hospitalization season) were recorded. The discovered RFBH effects on the risk ok bronchiolitis hospitalization were decomposed into direct and vitamin-D mediated ones through Mediation Analysis. Winter-spring season (vs. summer-autumn) was significantly associated with lower vitamin D levels (mean difference −11.14 nmol/L). Increasing serum vitamin D levels were significantly associated with a lower risk of bronchiolitis hospitalization (OR = 0.84 for a 10-nmol/L increase). Winter-spring season and gestational age (one-week increase) were significantly and directly associated with bronchiolitis hospitalization (OR = 6.37 and OR = 0.78 respectively), while vitamin D-mediated effects were negligible (1.21 and 1.02 respectively). Using a comprehensive causal approach may enhance the understanding of the complex interrelationships among RFBH, vitamin D and bronchiolitis hospitalization.

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Correlation of psoriasis and serum vitamin D

IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology ◽

10.18231/j.ijced.2021.060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 320-323

Author(s):

Ritika Gujrati ◽

Krishnendra Varma ◽

Ujjwal Kumar

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Psoriasis Vulgaris ◽

Systemic Disease ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Psoriatic Skin ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Psoriasis is an immuno-mediated chronic systemic disease involving cytokines of helper Th1 pathway. Vitamin D has an effect on keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation and immune modulation of immune system especially Th1 pathway, which is altered in psoriatic skin suggesting that Vitamin D may have a role in pathogenesis of psoriasis. To study correlation between psoriasis vulgaris and serum vitamin D. To evaluate serum vitamin D level in psoriasis cases and in control group and correlating vitamin D level with severity and duration of the psoriasis. 57 cases (>15years of age) with psoriasis and 57 healthy subjects were recruited. Psoriasis was clinically diagnosed and severity evaluated by PASI scale. Vitamin D was analysed by enhanced chemilumine scence on vitrus Eci autoanalyzer of Orth clinical diagnostic. Vitamin D deficiency defined as <20ng/ml, insufficiency 20-30ng/ml and sufficient 30-100ng/ml. Vitamin D deficiency in the study was 22.8% in patients and 14% in control group. Vitamin D insufficiency was found in 42.1% of cases and 19.3% of control. According to chi-square the p-value is 0.003 showing significant association. There was a tendency towards decrease in vitamin D level with increase in disease duration. There was negative correlation between vitamin D and PASI score. The study found a significant relationship between vitamin D and psoriasis. Further metanalysis involving larger study population will be required to establish whether vitamin D levels benefits patient with psoriasis vulgaris.

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A clinical study to determine the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and severity of asthma

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20172673 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 1397

Author(s):

Pragalatha Kumar ◽

Aruna Gowdra ◽

Arathi Arathi ◽

Ananya Sampath

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Asthma Severity ◽

Severe Form ◽

P Value ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Children With Asthma ◽

Age And Sex

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been rediscovered as a public health problem worldwide. Few studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is associated with asthma severity. The objective of present work was to study the serum vitamin D levels and its relationship with asthma severity in children.Methods: A prospective cohort study of 100 children with asthma between the age group of 5 to 15 years and age and sex matched 40 healthy controls who had come to Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bengaluru was done. These children’s serum vitamin D levels were estimated and correlated with asthma severity.Results: A total of 100 children with asthma and 40 healthy age and sex matched controls were evaluated. The study group had lower vitamin D (34.95 ng/ml) levels as compared to the control group (57.94 ng/ml) which was statistically significant (p<0.05). 68.4% children had significantly low vitamin D levels and severe form of asthma (p value <0.001). There was also a marked rise in absolute eosinophil count in those who had low vitamin D levels (56.6%) (p-value <0.0001).Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is an important risk factor for asthma severity. It modifies the immune system and reduces the inflammation. In the present study, low serum vitamin D levels were significantly correlated with severe form of asthma. There was a significant rise in the absolute eosinophil count in those who exhibited deficiency of vitamin D.

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Association of Vitamin D Status with Chronic Disease Risk Factors and Cognitive Dysfunction in 50–70 Year Old Adults

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11010141 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 141 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Japneet Kaur ◽

Steven Ferguson ◽

Eduardo Freitas ◽

Ryan Miller ◽

Debra Bemben ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Old Adults ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Chronic Disease Risk ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency has been primarily associated with skeletal disorders, however, since vitamin D receptors are found on multiple types of cells, there is also a link to increased chronic disease risk and all-cause mortality. The aim of this study was to examine whether deficient/insufficient vitamin D levels are associated with risk factors of chronic diseases and cognitive dysfunction in 50 to 70 year old adults. Participants completed the health status, three-day dietary record and vitamin D food frequency, sun exposure, and international physical activity questionnaires. Cognitive function of the participants was assessed using the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics while body composition (percent body fat, android/gynoid ratio) was assessed using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry. Applanation tonometry was used to obtain pressure wave forms at the radial artery to examine arterial stiffness and central pressures. A fasting blood draw was taken to measure vitamin D, blood lipid and glucose levels. Fifty percent of the participants (36/72) were vitamin D deficient/insufficient. Individuals in the low physical activity (PA) group had lower serum vitamin D concentration compared to those in the high PA group (p = 0.04). Moreover, serum vitamin D levels were negatively related to risk factors of chronic diseases; blood glucose (r = −0.38; p = 0.01), triglycerides (r = −0.27; p = 0.02), and android/gynoid ratio (r = −0.32; p = 0.01). Deficient/insufficient vitamin D levels are linked to the risk factors of chronic diseases in men and women aged 50 to 70 years.

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Vitamin D Levels among Hospitalized and Non-Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang

European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.6.1131 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 78-81

Author(s):

Harika Putra ◽

Efrida ◽

Rismawati Yaswir

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Immune System ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Study Groups ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes immune system dysregulation and an exaggerated systemic inflammatory response. Vitamin D acts as an immunomodulator that enhances the immunity defense. Low levels of vitamin D affect the severity of COVID-19 infection. This study aims to determine vitamin D levels in hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients. A case-control study was conducted involving 62 COVID-19 patients, equally divided into hospitalized and non-hospitalized groups at RSUP dr. M. Djamil, Padang from February to September 2020. Serum vitamin D levels were measured using the Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a level less than 20 ng/mL. The hospitalized group consisted of moderate to critical COVID-19 patients, whereas the non-hospitalized group consisted of the asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 patients according to the Indonesian Ministry of Health Guidelines. All data were analyzed using a T-test and Chi-square with a significant p-value of 0.05. The results showed that most subjects were women between 21–60 years. The mean level of vitamin D (ng/mL) in the hospitalized group was lower than in the non-hospitalized group (15.5 ± 7.72 vs. 19.2 ± 14.30; 95% CI -9.509–2.167; p=0.213). Vitamin D deficiency affected hospitalized group more than the non-hospitalized group, but not statistically significant (71% vs. 64.5%, p=0.566). It indicated the role of vitamin D in preventing immune system hyperactivation causing COVID-19 cytokine storm. This study concluded no difference in vitamin D levels among the study groups. Nevertheless, further research on vitamin D is needed to determine its role and benefits against COVID-19 infection.

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Relationship between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Health-Related Quality of Life in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Blood Purification ◽

10.1159/000497242 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 67-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ali Veysel Kara ◽

Mehmet Naci Aldemir ◽

Yasin Emrah Soylu ◽

Yusuf Kemal Arslan

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Independent Risk Factors

Objectives: Aim of the study was investigating the effect of serum vitamin D levels on health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Method: One-hundred and twenty-three maintenance hemodialysis patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Patients divided into 2 groups according to serum vitamin D levels. A serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) level of < 20 ng/mL was identified as vitamin D deficiency (n = 78), and a serum level of ≥20 ng/mL was identified as normal (n = 45). Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36 (KDQOL-36) survey was used for quality of life measurement. Scores of the all of 5 subscales of KDQOL-36 were calculated. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to define independent risk factors affecting the survey. Results: Mean age of patients was 62 and 56% of patients were male. Mean 25(OH) D levels were 11.86 and 29.57 ng/mL, respectively, in 2 groups. There was statistically significant difference between age and Kt/V levels between 2 groups (p = 0.008 and p = 0.041). Age and gender were found as significant predictors of vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.026 and p = 0.021). In symptom and problem list subscale, gender and comorbidity were detected as independent risk factors (p = 0.050 and p = 0.032). Comorbidity was the only independent risk factor for effect of kidney disease subscale (p < 0.001). Independent risk factors associated with burden of kidney disease subscale were comorbidity and serum 25 (OH) D levels (p = 0.003 and p = 0.023). Serum 25(OH) D, gender, and comorbidity were independently associated with physical component summary (PCS) subscale (p < 0.001, p = 0.008, and p = 0.011). The only independently associated factor with mental component summary (MCS) was serum 25(OH) D (p < 0.001). Conclusion: We first showed the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and KDQOL-36 in hemodialysis patients. Lower serum vitamin D levels were negatively associated with burden of kidney disease, PCS, and MCS subscales.

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Vitamin D Pathway Genetic Variation and Type 1 Diabetes: A Case–Control Association Study

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes11080897 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 897

Author(s):

Joana T. Almeida ◽

Dircea Rodrigues ◽

Joana Guimarães ◽

Manuel C. Lemos

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Cumulative Effect ◽

P Value ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Minor Alleles

Vitamin D has immunomodulatory effects, and its deficiency has been implicated in the autoimmune process of type 1 diabetes. Serum vitamin D levels are influenced by variants in genes involved in the synthesis, transport, hydroxylation and degradation of vitamin D. The aim of this study was to assess if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the DHCR7 (rs12785878), GC (rs2282679), CYP2R1 (rs2060793) and CYP24A1 (rs6013897) loci are associated with type 1 diabetes in the Portuguese population. Genotype and allele frequencies were determined in 350 cases of type 1 diabetes and in 490 controls. The frequency of each SNP alone was not significantly different between patients and controls. However, the combined analysis of the four SNPs showed that minor alleles of these variants clustered more frequently in patients. The proportion of individuals with three or more minor alleles was significantly higher in patients than in controls (56.3% vs. 48.5; odds ratio (OR) 1.37; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.81; p-value 0.027). These results suggest a cumulative effect of SNPs at the DHCR7, GC, CYP2R1 and CYP24A1 loci on the susceptibility to type 1 diabetes, due to the roles of these genes in the vitamin D metabolic pathway.

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