scholarly journals MLVA-TYPING OF CLINICAL STAMPS OF GENETICALLY CHANGED VIBRIO CHOLERAE BIOTYPE EL TOR INSULATED IN RUSSIA AND UKRAINE IN THE PERIOD OF SEVENTH PANDEMIC CHOLERA

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
I. V. Savelieva ◽  
A. N. Kulichenko ◽  
V. N. Saveliev ◽  
D. A. Kovalev ◽  
O. V. Vasilieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Cholera Vibrio ◽  
Separate Branch ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
El Tor ◽  
Mlva Typing

Aim. Conduct in a comparative aspect MLVA-typing of genetically altered cholera vibrio biovar El Tor, isolated from patients during the epidemic (1994) and outbreaks (1993, 1998) in Dagestan with isolates in Mariupol (Ukraine) in 1994-2011 in Moscow (2010, 2012), India (1964, 2006, 2007), Bangladesh 1991, 1994, 2001, 2004) and to establish Phylogenetic connections between strains of cholera vibrios isolated in different years in these territories, to ascertain the source of their drift. Materials and methods. MLVA-tyP-ing was carried out in PCR at 5 variable loci of 35 clinical strains of genetically modified Vibrio cholerae byotyPe El Tor. The obtained amPlicon was studied in the system of automatic caPillary electroPhoresis ExPerion («Bio Rad Laboratories», USA). For Phylogenetic analysis, along with MLVA-genotyPes, 35 strains of Vibrio cholerae from the Institute's collection used Published genotyPes of strains isolated in India, Bangladesh, Haiti. Results. The investigated strains of cholera vibrio are referred to 21 MLVA-tyPes, divided into 2 main clades and 1 seParate branch with clonal clusters and subclusters, each of which contains closely related strains of cholera vibrio genovariants having a different degree of Phylogenetic relationshiP - full or Partial identity of allelic Profiles of five variable loci. The sources of drift of genetically modified Vibrio cholerae byotyPe El Tor to Russia and Ukraine from disadvantaged cholera of India, Bangladesh, Azerbaijan and the countries of the Middle East have been established. Conclusion. The obtained data testify to the PolymorPhism of MLVA-tyPes of genetically altered strains of cholera vibrio of the biologist El Tor, evolved in different years and caused ePidemics or outbreaks of cholera in different territories during different time Periods of the course of the seventh cholera Pandemic, and also suggest the Polyclonal origin of the Vibrio cholerae biovar El Tor and the source of their drift to the territory of the Russian Federation and Ukraine.

scholarly journals Identification of Vibrio cholerae O1 strains of the El Tor biovar sensitive to polymyxin B and their molecular genetic analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 538-547
Author(s):  
S. P. Zadnova ◽  
Ya. M. Krasnov ◽  
N. A. Plekhanov ◽  
A. A. Kritskiy ◽  
V. V. Kutyrev
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Photometric Method ◽  
Snp Analysis ◽  
Parsimony Method ◽  
Cholera Vibrio ◽  
El Tor

The aim of the work was the identification and genetic characterization of Vibrio cholerae O1 strains of the El Tor biovar sensitive to polymyxin B among isolates imported to Russia.Materials and methods. We used 56 toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains of V. cholerae isolated from patients and from the environmental samples on the territory of Russia in 1970-2020. Resistance to polymyxin B was determined according to MR4.2.2218-07. The ability of strains to form a biofilm on the abiotic surface was assessed by a photometric method. Nucleotide sequences of genes were determined using UGENE 1.32 and MEGA X software. Phylogenetic analysis and tree construction were performed using "maximum parsimony" method in MEGA X software.Results and discussion. Two genetically modified strains of V. cholerae O1 biovar El Tor, M1509 and 3265/80, which were imported to Russia from India in 2012 and 2014, respectively, were identified. The analysis of 12 genes responsible for the resistance of V. cholerae O1 biovar El Tor strains to polymyxin B demonstrated that these strains contain the allele of the carRS gene, which is typical for all strains of cholera vibrio sensitive to polymyxin B. Study of V. cholerae M1509 and 3265/80 phylogeny based on SNP analysis showed that they fall into the same cluster with isolates containing the carRS allele isolated in India (2015) and Bangladesh (2018). V. cholerae M1509 and 3256/8 strains had the ability to form a biofilm similar to those observed in other genetically modified strains of cholera vibrio included into analysis.Conclusion. Highly virulent strains of the cholera agent with altered diagnostically significant features are imported into Russia, which should be taken into account when identifying V. cholerae O1 biovar El Tor strains isolated from patients and environmental samples during monitoring studies.

The evolution of the pathogen and the clinical and epidemiological features of the recent cholera (el tor)

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
V. N. Savelyev ◽  
I. V. Savelyeva ◽  
B. V. Babenyshev ◽  
A. N. Kulichenko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cholera Outbreak ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
El Tor

In a comparative perspective studied cholera outbreak in the Caucasus due to typical toxigenic and genetically modified (hybrid) El Tor variant strains have been studied. Revealed features of the genetic structure of the genome, factors and ways of transmission of the causative agent of modern cholera El tor should be considered when improving the program of epidemiological supervision in terms of enhancing antiepidemic and prevention measures in cholera, the causative factor of which are of hybrid variants of Vibrio cholerae El tor.

scholarly journals Bismuth sulphite media for the isolation of V. cholerae

1940 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. James Wilson ◽  
L. V. Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Cholera Vibrio ◽  
Enrichment Medium ◽  
The Media ◽  
El Tor

1. A fluid enrichment medium containing sulphite and bismuth based on Read's modification of one of Wilson & Blair's media has been devised and the claims of Read (1939) and Seal (1939) as to the value of such a medium has been confirmed.2. A saccharose mannitol sulphite bismuth alcohol phenol red agar medium is described and has been found to allow rich growth of the true cholera vibrio and to inhibit the growth not only of B. coli and B. lactis aërogenes but of many vibrios liable to be mistaken for the true vibrio cholerae.3. Thirty-one strains of true cholera vibrios, obtained from the National Collection, grew rapidly and profusely in the media.4. Of twenty-five cholera-like and para-cholera strains six grew well, whilst the growth of nineteen was scanty or nil.5. Of eleven El Tor vibrios five grew in both fluid and solid bismuth media, five grew only on the solid medium and in one no growth occurred in either medium. The El Tor colonies were much smaller than those of the epidemic cholera strains.

A. LECTINS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ANTI-LACTOFERRIN ACTIVITY OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE

2017 ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
V.A. Korshenko ◽  
I.Ya. Cherepakhina
Keyword(s):  
Protein Binding ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Initial Link ◽  
Lectin Receptors ◽  
Cholera Vibrio ◽  
Covalent Structure ◽  
El Tor

Anti-lactoferrin activity (AlfA) is one of the factors contributing to the persistence of V. cholerae in human body in formation of human vibriocarriers. It is shown that in the AlfA mechanism cholera vibrio lectins are participating as an initial link specifically binding to lactoferrin at the surface of microbial cells, providing for subsequent cleavage of this protein with the help of V. cholerae exoproteases. Lectins are proteins or glycoproteins of non-immune class, capable to reversibly bind to the carbohydrate fraction of glycoconjugates without breaking the covalent structure of any of the recognizable glycosyl ligands. As glycoproteins, lectins ensure the complementary highly specific carbohydrate-protein binding of the active sites of target cells (namely lactoferrin). It is proved that all V. cholerae El Tor and Bengal strains possess hexose-specific lectin receptors (especially mannose). Atoxigenic V. cholerae O1 and O139 strains possess, in addition to hexose receptors, lectins specific to aminosugars.

scholarly journals ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE O1 EL TOR ISOLATED ON THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2006-2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
L. A Egiazaryan ◽  
N. A Selyanskaya ◽  
I. B Zakharova ◽  
M. V Podshivalova ◽  
E. A Bereznyak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
El Tor

Aim of the study. The analysis of antibiotic resistance and molecular mechanisms of the persistence of Vibrio cholerae О1 El Tor strains, isolated from patients and environmental objects on the territory of the Russian Federation in 2006-2015. Material and Methods. The susceptibility of 34 V. cholerae El Tor strains to 13 antibacterial drugs was determined by the method of serial dilutions in a rich culture medium (Instructional Guidelines (МUК) 4.2.2495-09). Results. The strains showed resistance to 1-5 antibiotics (levomicetin, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, furazolidone, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) and harbored SXT-element with antibiotic resistance genes. The emergence of quinolone resistance in V. cholerae O1 El Tor strains with accompanying multiple drug resistance limits the choice for drugs for etiotropic therapy and aggravates the possibility of unfavourable cholera outcome.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity by antibiotic sensitivity and genotype of Vibrio Cholerae El Tor strains isolated from environmental objects in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
Nadechda Selynskaya ◽  
Daria Alexandrovna Levchenko ◽  
Liana Egiazarjan ◽  
Nina Pasyukova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Resistance Markers ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
El Tor ◽  
Pcr Genotyping

BACKGROUND: Waterborne diseases kill 3.4 million people worldwide each year. Cholera is one such disease. Up to 4 million cases of this infection occur in the world every year, leading to more than 100,000 deaths. The plasticity of the genome of the causative agent of cholera, the mobility of genetic elements carrying factors of pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance, contribute to the variability and unpredictability of the spectrum of resistance, the formation of new pheno- and genotypes. A single Vibrio cholerae isolate can contain up to 40 different genes that can confer resistance to 22 antibiotics, representing nine different classes of antimicrobial drugs. The ability of Vibrio cholerae to long-term survival in aquatic ecosystems in which there is an active exchange of genetic information and new ecological lines may arise that have potential advantages in the adaptation of microorganisms to adverse conditions, emphasizes the complexity of the ways of transmission of this infection and the need for studies at the environmental level. Periodic deliveries of cholera to the territory of the Russian Federation with (without) the spread of the infectious agent, V. cholerae contamination of surface water bodies used as sources of water supply and for recreational water use, the possibility of implementing the main route for cholera (water) the pathway for the spread of the pathogen of the infection indicate the need for conducting annual monitoring of antimicrobial resistance as part of the epidemiological surveillance of cholera in order to obtain information on the distribution, nature and dynamics of resistance in a specific period of time in a given territory. AIM: Analysis of the spectrum of antibiotic resistance of Vibrio cholerae O1 serogroup strains isolated from environmental objects in various territories of the Russian Federation in 2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 25 strains V. cholerae О1 El Tor, isolated from environmental objects in the Russian Federation in 2020. The sensitivity / resistance of the studied strains to 13 antibacterial drugs was determined by the method of serial dilutions on a solid nutrient medium in accordance with guidelines. PCR-genotyping of strains V. cholerae El Tor was performed for 14 target genes, followed by cluster analysis. RESULTS: The strains showed resistance markers to furazolidone, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, ceftriaxone, which formed 5 phenotypes. PCR-genotyping genotyping of 14 target genes divided the strains into five genotypes (A1A5), corresponding to certain territories. The antibiotic resistance profiles within the same genotype in V. cholerae О1 El Tor belonging to different territories were both the same and different. CONCLUSION: The genotypic diversity of isolated strains was revealed, the variability of resistance markers even in one region, which indicates both changes in the V. cholerae population and the possibility of circulation of various geno- and phenotypes, which emphasizes the importance of constant monitoring of these pathogens.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT ON VIBRIO CHOLERAE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SUBSTANCE ACETYL-N- CYSTEINE–L)

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
O.V. Duvanova ◽  
B.N. Mishan′kin
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Cholera Vibrio ◽  
El Tor

We studied the effect of the substance acetyl-N-cysteine-L on cholera Vibrio. Its minimum inhibitory concentration for the strains of Vibrio cholerae El Tor O1 and O139 serogroup was 1–2.5 mg/ml in solid nutrient media - Martin's agar (pH 7.6) and LB (pH 7.2), while in Bhascaran synthetic medium, using glucose (0.1per cent) as the sole carbon source, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine (0.05 per cent) or colloidal chitin (0.027 per cent) it was reduced to 50–250 μg/ml. The ability of the substance acetyl-N-cysteine-L substance to suppress the activity of the purified enzyme N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (chitobiasis) was found. Antibacterial effect detected of the substance acetyl-N-cysteine-L against the strains of Vibrio cholerae El Tor O1 and O139 serogroups with different epidemic significance (presence / absence of ctxAB and tcpA genes) indicates the advisability of considering the issue on the possibility of including this substance in composition of solution components used in the rehydration therapy of diarrheal diseases cases.

scholarly journals VIBRIO CHOLERAE EL TOR ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE GATHERED FROM ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
N.A. Selyanskaya ◽  
L.A. Egiazaryan ◽  
A.V. Trishina ◽  
E.A. Bereznyak ◽  
I.R. Simonova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
El Tor ◽  
Serial Dilutions

The paper presents the analysis of Vibrio cholerae El Tor strains antibiotic resistance gathered from environmental objects on the territory of the Russian Federation during 2007–2016. We determined the sensitivity of 268 strains of V. cholerae El Tor to 12 antibacterial drugs by the method of serial dilutions in a dense nutrient medium. The strains showed resistance to 1–7 antibacterial drugs. The emergence of quinolone resistance in polyresistant strains of V. cholerae E.

scholarly journals Molecular MLVA Typing of Typical and Genetically Altered Natural Strains of Vibrio cholerae El Tor Biovar

2012 ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Kul’Shan’ ◽  
Ya. M. Krasnov ◽  
Yu. V. Lozovsky ◽  
N. I. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Gene Variants ◽  
El Tor ◽  
Mlva Typing ◽  
Natural Strains

Displayed is the possibility of differentiation between typical and genetically altered strains of Vibrio cholerae biovar El Tor, which vary in their virulence and epidemic potential, by means of MLVA. Determined is a significant genetic diversity of the gene-variants, probably, due to their polyclonal origin and continuous alterations within genome under the influence of varying environmental factors.

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