scholarly journals Global History, Area studies, and the Idea of Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Stanziani
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Global History ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Area Studies ◽  
European Continent ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
Image Caption

In most history departments on the European continent Europe is History while the history of other regions only can be described as “area studies.” This paper investigates the long-term origins of these attitudes, since Humanism and the Enlightenment, down to Nineteenth and Twentieth centuries forms of history writing. It finally suggests to overcome area studies and decentralise social sciences.   Image Caption: Giovanni Maria Cassini, Globo terrestre, in Nuovo atlante geografico universale delineato sulle ultime osservazioni (Rome, 1790). © 2000 by Cartography Associates, under Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0) licence.

Founders without Limits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobby V. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Global History ◽  
Public Markets ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Dual Class ◽  
Blue Chip

Big Tech has flourished on the US public markets in recent years with numerous blue-chip IPOs, from Google and Facebook, to new kids on the block such as Snap, Zoom, and Airbnb. A key trend is the burgeoning use of dual-class stock. Dual-class stock enables founders to divest of equity and generate finance for growth through an IPO, without losing the control they desire to pursue their long-term, market-disrupting visions. Bobby Reddy scrutinises the global history of dual-class stock, evaluates the conceptual and empirical evidence on dual-class stock, and assesses the approach of the London Stock Exchange and ongoing UK regulatory reforms to dual-class stock. A policy roadmap is presented that optimally supports the adoption of dual-class stock while still protecting against its potential abuses, which will more effectively attract high-growth, innovative companies to the UK equity markets, boost the economy, and unleash the true potential of 'founders without limits'.

Recent research in the history of international law

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 313-334
Author(s):  
Frederik Dhondt
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
International Law ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Global History ◽  
Intercultural Awareness ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legal Thinking ◽  
History Of International Law ◽  
Interdisciplinary Scholarship

This review article treats the booming scholarship on the history of international law over the past decade. Works with a broader view (1), including the recent big-book syntheses and collective works, are contrasted with monographs (2), from studies of treaties and doctrine, over diplomatic practice to scholarship by historians and, finally, interdisciplinary scholarship. This texts provides a personal panorama of the wide array of scholarly perspectives on a common object: rules recognised in the community or society of states. New insights from history and social sciences, especially the turn to global history, open fresh prospects for ‘traditional’ legal historical research. Studying the encounter between ‘European’ international law and other continents rises our indispensable intercultural awareness. Yet, it should also serve to better understand the specificity of European legal thinking or diplomatic practice, and does not render research on the latter obsolete or redundant.


The Orientation of JESHO's Orient and the Problem of 'Orientalism': Some Reflections on the Occasion of JESHO's Fiftieth Anniversary

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet Zurndorfer
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Global History ◽  
Area Studies ◽  
En Face ◽  
Il Y A ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis essay traces the fifty-year history of JESHO from its initiation by the Dutch economic historian N.W. Posthumus to the present. It appraises what values and assumptions propelled the Journal's first editors to utilize the expression 'Orient' in the publication's title, and how they coped with the changing vicissitudes of historical writing about 'the Rest' from the 1960s onward, including the impact of 'area studies' in North America. Finally, it gives a brief overview of the 'highs and lows' of JESHO's history, and how the most recent editors have readdressed the Journal's original mission to meet the demands of both exacting source-orientated original research and the writing of global history. JESHO a été fondé il y a cinquante ans par l'historien économique néerlandais N.W. Posthumus. Cette contribution en trace l'histoire depuis le début jusqu'jusqu'à aujourd'hui en évaluant quelques thèmes historiographiques, tels que les valeurs et hypothèses qui ont amené les premiers éditeurs à inclure le terme 'l'Orient' dans le titre de la revue, la façon dont ils s'en s'ont tirés en face des vicissitudes des écrits historiques concernant 'le reste du monde' depuis les années soixante, y compris l'effet de la recherche sur les aires régionales dans l'Amérique du Nord. Pour finir nous toucherons brièvement aux qualités et faiblesses de ces cinquante années, et à la manière dont les éditeurs de nos jours s'acquittent de la vocation des premiers temps de JESHO qui exige que la recherche soit innovatrice ainsi qu'orientée vers les sources primaires difficiles à pénétrer et tienne compte de l'histoire mondiale.

scholarly journals Writing a Global History of Convict Labour

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian G. De Vito ◽  
Alex Lichtenstein
Keyword(s):  
Global History ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Time Space ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Approaches

AbstractThis bibliographic essay seeks to contribute to the understanding of convict labour from a global and long-term perspective. First the conditions conducive to the emergence and transformation of convict labour are addressed by framing this coercive labour form within broader classifications of labour relations and by discussing its connection with the problem of governmentality. Subsequently, an overview of the literature is undertaken in the form of a journey across time, space, and different regimes of punishment. Finally, the limitations of the available literature are discussed, the possibility of a longer-term (pre-1500) and global history of convict labour is considered, and some theoretical and methodological approaches are suggested that could favour this task.

scholarly journals Lusotopie, Lusotopy. What Legacy, What Future?

Lusotopie ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-203
Author(s):  
Michel Cahen ◽  
Irène Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Area Studies ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

AbstractThe introduction of this issue goes back over the history of the creation of the Lusotopie journal. It also questions the scope of the concept of lusotopy in the social sciences. The intellectual project of the journal, published from 1994 onwards, was complex and ambitious. Lusotopie is not a review of “cultural-area” studies, but a generalist review of political analysis, in the broadest sense, from an empirically-delimited research field: that of the area drawn by Portuguese history and colonization. It was both to escape the contemporary neo-imperial approach of “Lusophony” and to overcome the simply negative criticism of the ideology of Lusophony (in its literary, political and economic aspects), which as such does not provide a tool for understanding the realities produced by history.

Legal Uses of Anthropology in France in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Audren ◽  
Laetitia Guerlain
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Legal Positivism ◽  
Legal Anthropology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human And Social Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
The Many ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter sheds light on the long-standing history of the relationship between law and the human and social sciences in nineteenth- and twentieth-century France. This story has often been reduced to its most recent and academic development, that is, legal anthropology. However, focusing on this strictly contemporary, academic definition of anthropology risks overlooking the many and varied ways of thinking that, over the past two centuries and more, have shaped the relationship between law and the study of humanity. The authors suggest that such an approach obscures the depth and the variety of forms that this relationship took over time. This chapter documents the various ways that legal scholars in France—over the course of two centuries marked by the rise of codification and legal positivism—drew upon history, philology, ethnology, physical anthropology, and sociology, all in the pursuit of a more profound understanding of homo juridicus.

The Last Wunderkammer : Curiosities in Private Collections between the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Pellegrini
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
Sense Of Wonder

In his description of the magnificent Vanderbilt collection located on Fifth Avenue in New York, Earl Shinn pointed out the presence of a medieval Venetian ivory casket in the Japanese parlor. Wonder serves as the guiding principle for the display of objects selected according to their provenance and for their very different chronologies. In this context, eclecticism concerns more than a mere display of heterogeneous artifacts, it is a way to create resplendent interiors and to allow visitors sink into a sense of wonder. This chapter reconsiders the key concepts of curiosity and eclecticism, not just as a fashion or as display modes, but as new steps in the long-term history of the Wunderkammer.

Breaking the Reputation of Female Rule in China: Daoism and the Rewriting of the History of the Reign of Wu Zhao (624-705)

NAN Nü ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-193
Author(s):  
T.H. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Tang Dynasty ◽  
History Writing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Female Rule ◽  
Wu Zhao

AbstractUsurpation by a woman made the reign of Wu Zhao a problem in the history writing of the restored Tang dynasty (618-907; interregnum 690-705) and thereafter that has often attracted the epithet ‘Confucian’. An examination of the rewriting of history to change the meaning of two miracles reported during her reign – the appearance of a new (though small) mountain and of Laozi, supposed ancestor of the Tang imperial line – shows that among those keen to repurpose these events were later Daoists, who were engaged in a long term struggle with the Buddhists, the main beneficiaries of her rule. This suggests that we need a more nuanced approach than simply designating all retrospective criticism of her as ‘Confucian’, even if the ultimate origins of the attempts at historical revision are as yet hard to discern.

scholarly journals For Oral Tradition (But Not Against Braudel)

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Vansina
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
World War ◽  
History Writing ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Waves ◽  
Fernand Braudel

One wonders what Fernand Braudel and the school of the Annales have done to become a kind of Trojan Horse for the wholesale condemnation of the historical value of oral tradition. Yet they are the banner raised by W.G. Clarence-Smith in a recent article in his journal to preach jihad against its historical value. Clarence-Smith claims that the historiographical revolution effected by Annales has resulted in the definitive exclusion of oral traditions from the halls of Clio. Oral traditions are at best ambiguous “signs” about the past and are very much of the present. They lack absolute chronology and they are selective, so away with them. If they be worthy of attention at all, let anthropologists and sociologists be concerned, save in a few rare instances where a historian wants to check on some European printed source. And even then, caveat emptor. Significantly, the article is not just the expression of the views of one person; rather it is symptomatic of much of the criticism which has been leveled at oral tradition, mostly by fasionable anthropologists. And it brings this criticism to its logical conclusion.But first a word about Braudel, the Annales, and oral tradition in general. The Annales School was founded by Lucien Febvre and Marc Bloch before World War II. Fernand Braudel is its most distinguished exponent. His major theoretical pronouncements can be found in his Ecrits sur l'histoire, a collection of articles reprinted and published in 1969. This and his two major historical works should be read by those who want to know more about his views and ways of dealing with history. The basic tenets that members of the Annales School hold is that the history of events is but the spray of past developments; other time depths tell us more about the waves of the past. There is the time of the conjoncture, the trend, and the even longer time periods -- sometimes many centuries long -- the longue durée or long term. Successful history writing does not liminate the study of events, but analyzes them against the movement of these longer and deeper-running trends.

Methodological and Theoretical Orientation and the Long-Term Disciplinary Impact of 54 Eminent Psychologists

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Keith Simonton
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Citation Index ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
General Factor ◽  
J Curve ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Static Versus Dynamic ◽  
Social Sciences Citation Index

The long-term influence of 54 highly eminent psychologists was hypothesized to be a function of their methodological and theoretical orientation. Individual differences in impact were gauged via the Social Sciences Citation Index for 1976–1980 and 1986–1990. Orientation was assessed along 6 dimensions: objectivistic versus subjectivistic, quantitative versus qualitative, elementaristic versus holistic, impersonal versus personal, static versus dynamic, and exogenist versus endogenist ( R. W. Coan, 1979 ). Correlation and regression analyses revealed that long-term influence could be predicted by both method and theory measures. Especially significant was the curvilinear backward-J curve between total citations and a general factor defined by all 6 bipolar dimensions. The most influential psychologists tend to take extreme positions on the controversies that have characterized the history of psychology.

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