Direct-Seeded Rice in Nepal

Improved stand establishment of direct-seeded crops has usually involved seed treatment and/or seed covers. Planters have been evaluated for seed/plant spacing uniformity, singulation, furrow openers, and presswheel design; however, effects of presswheels and seed coverers on plant establishment have not been widely investigated. Five experiments were conducted in a fine sandy loam soil to determine effect of presswheels and seed coverers on emergence of direct-seeded cabbage and mustard. Seed were planted with Stanhay 870 seeder equipped with one of four presswheels and seed coverers. Presswheels included smooth, mesh, concave split, and flat split types. Seed coverers included standard drag, light drag, paired knives, and no coverer. Soil moisture at planting ranged from 8% to 19% in the top 5 cm of bed. Differences in plant counts taken 2 weeks after planting were minimal with any presswheel or seed coverer. Visual observation indicated the seed furrow was more completely closed with the knife coverer in high soil moisture conditions. All tests received at least 14 mm of precipitation within 6 days from planting, which may account for lack of differences in plant emergence.

Download Full-text

Farmers Perception in Adoption of Conservation Agriculture Practices in Madhubani District of Bihar, India

Journal of AgriSearch ◽

10.21921/jas.v4i04.10211 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (04) ◽

Author(s):

YUJJWAL KUMAR ◽

RAMESH CHANDRA BHARATI ◽

RAVI KANT CHAUBEY ◽

K. K. RAO ◽

VED PRAKASH ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Conservation Agriculture ◽

Decision Processes ◽

Zero Tillage ◽

Focus Group Discussions ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Farmers ◽

Direct Seeded ◽

Herbicide Use ◽

Bihar State

The study has been conducted in Madhubani district of Bihar state to analyse gender segregated key benefits, advantages, disadvantages, issues and the key decision processes and criteria for conservation agriculture technologiesadoption. Data were collected through focus group discussions involving male and female farmers. Cent per cent farmers expressed saving of labour and reduction in drudgery in Zero Tillage Direct Seeded Rice (ZTDSR). Higher yield through adoption of ZTDSR was revealed by equal percentage (75 %) of male and female farmers. Equal percentage (100 %) of male and female farmers expressed labour saving as one of the most important criteria for adoption of the ZT. Gender segregated data showed almost similar perception related to criteria adoption of ZT technology in rice-wheat system. All the female groups expressed that limited knowledge of herbicide use restricts adoption of ZTDSR. All the female groups were in the view that there is reduction of drudgery through adoption of mechanical paddy transplanter. Preparation of mat type nursery was top most disadvantages for 90 and 70 % male and female groups respectively. Eighty percent farmers groups expressed their opinion that non availability of trained tractor drivers for machine operation limits adoption of ZT machine. Preparation of mat nursery and trained operators for paddy transplanter was major criteria for adoption of mechanical paddy transplanter. There was contradiction in the perception among male and female farmers with respect to yield advantage and associated risk for poor yield due to the adoption of CA technologies.

Download Full-text

Dry matter partitioning as influenced by drip irrigation and fertigation levels in direct seeded scented rice

International Journal of Chemical Studies ◽

10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i5ak.10718 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 2667-2669

Author(s):

Samarth Tewari ◽

Gurvinder Singh ◽

Avikal Kumar ◽

Narendra Bhandari ◽

Saurabh Gangola

Keyword(s):

Drip Irrigation ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Partitioning ◽

Direct Seeded

Download Full-text

Does direct-seeded rice performance improve upon lime and phosphogypsum use?

Soil and Tillage Research ◽

10.1016/j.still.2021.105055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 212 ◽

pp. 105055

Author(s):

Vanderson Modolon Duart ◽

Fernando José Garbuio ◽

Eduardo Fávero Caires

Keyword(s):

Direct Seeded

Download Full-text

Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate and Gibberellic Acid Enhances the Performance of Dry Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in North-Western India

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11050849 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 849

Author(s):

Buta Singh Dhillon ◽

Virender Kumar ◽

Pardeep Sagwal ◽

Navjyot Kaur ◽

Gurjit Singh Mangat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Potassium Nitrate ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Western India ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Crop Establishment ◽

Direct Seeded

Poor early growth and uneven crop establishment are reported as the major bottlenecks in wide-scale adoption and optimal yield realization of dry direct-seeded rice (DSR). Seed priming can potentially help overcome these problems in DSR. Therefore, laboratory and field studies were conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, during kharif/wet-season 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the effect of different priming techniques on germination, establishment, growth, and grain yield of rice under DSR conditions. The following priming treatments were evaluated: dry non-primed seed (control), hydropriming with distilled water, halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate, hormopriming with 50 ppm gibberellic acid (GA3), and osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG)(−0.6 MPa), each with 12 and 24 h priming duration. In 2019, priming treatments were tested under two DSR establishment methods—conventional DSR (sowing in dry soil followed by irrigation) and soil mulch DSR (locally known as vattar DSR) (sowing in moist soil after pre-sowing irrigation), whereas in 2018, priming treatments were evaluated under conventional DSR only. In both years, halopriming and hormopriming resulted in a 7–11% increase in rice yields compared to non-primed dry seed (control). Osmopriming resulted in a 4% yield increase compared to control in 2018 but not in 2019. The higher yields in halopriming and hormopriming were attributed to higher and rapid germination/crop emergence, better root growth, and improvement in yield attributes. Priming effect on crop emergence, growth, and yield did not differ by DSR establishment methods and duration of priming. Conventional DSR and soil mulch DSR did not differ in grain yield, whereas they differed in crop emergence, growth, and yield attributes. These results suggest that halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate and hormopriming with 50 ppm GA3 has good potential to improve crop establishment and yield of rice in both conventional and soil mulch DSR systems.

Download Full-text

Impact of Different Water Management Regimes on the Growth, Productivity, and Resource Use Efficiency of Dry Direct Seeded Rice in Central Punjab-Pakistan

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11061151 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1151

Author(s):

Sadam Hussain ◽

Saddam Hussain ◽

Zubair Aslam ◽

Muhammad Rafiq ◽

Adeel Abbas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Cost Ratio ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Benefit Cost Ratio ◽

Direct Seeded ◽

Total Dry Weight ◽

Benefit Cost

Dry direct-seeded rice has been shown to save irrigation water and labor. Nonetheless, irrigation management in dry direct-seeded rice has received very little attention. Here, we examined the potential of different irrigation regimes: aerobic rice (AR), alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and continuous flooding (CF) in dry direct-seeded rice cultivation on two rice cultivars (Pride-1 (hybrid indica) and NB-1 (inbred indica)). Growth, yield attributes, grain yield, total water input, water productivity and benefit cost ratio were measured. Our results showed that AR saved 11.22 and 28.40%, and 5.72 and 32.98% water compared with AWD and CF during 2018 and 2020, respectively. There was a significant difference in grain yield among treatments and cultivars. AWD and CF produced statistically same total dry weight and grain yield, while AR reduced the total dry weight by 31.34% and 38.04% and grain yield by 34.82% and 38.16% in comparison to AWD and CF, respectively, across the years. Except for 1000-grain weight and harvest index in AWD and CF, further differences in total dry weight and grain yield among irrigation treatments were primarily correlated with variations in yield attributes. Among the cultivars, hybrid rice performed better than inbred rice. Over the two-year period, hybrid rice increased total dry weight, grain yield, and water productivity by 9.28%, 13.05%, and 14.28%, respectively, as compared to inbred rice. Regarding water productivity (WP), the maximum percentage (40.90 and 26.53%) was recorded for AWD compared to AR and CF. Among cultivars, more water productivity (14.28%) was calculated for hybrid rice than inbred one. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, leaf area index and crop growth rate contributed to higher grain yield of hybrid rice under AWD and CF. In contrast to WP, the maximum benefit cost ratio was estimated to be higher for CF than that of AR and AWD. For the cultivars, the maximum value (2.26 in 2018 and 2.32 in 2020) was calculated for hybrid rice compared with the inbred one. In conclusion, these results suggests that AWD with maximum WP and CF with maximum BCR could be more efficient approaches than AR. Under CF, hybrid rice cultivars with higher yield and yield-related attributes, WP and BCR performed better.

Download Full-text

Genetic Mapping by Sequencing More Precisely Detects Loci Responsible for Anaerobic Germination Tolerance in Rice

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10040705 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 705

Author(s):

John Carlos I. Ignacio ◽

Maricris Zaidem ◽

Carlos Casal ◽

Shalabh Dixit ◽

Tobias Kretzschmar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Basis ◽

Snp Markers ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Genotyping Platform ◽

Anaerobic Germination ◽

Direct Seeded ◽

Mapping By Sequencing ◽

Simple Sequence

Direct seeded rice (DSR) is a mainstay for planting rice in the Americas, and it is rapidly becoming more popular in Asia. It is essential to develop rice varieties that are suitable for this type of production system. ASD1, a landrace from India, possesses several traits desirable for direct-seeded fields, including tolerance to anaerobic germination (AG). To map the genetic basis of its tolerance, we examined a population of 200 F2:3 families derived from a cross between IR64 and ASD1 using the restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) technology. This genotyping platform enabled the identification of 1921 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to construct a high-resolution genetic linkage map with an average interval of 0.9 cM. Two significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected on chromosomes 7 and 9, qAG7 and qAG9, with LOD scores of 7.1 and 15.0 and R2 values of 15.1 and 29.4, respectively. Here, we obtained more precise locations of the QTLs than traditional simple sequence repeat and low-density SNP genotyping methods and may help further dissect the genetic factors of these QTLs.

Download Full-text