Radiation semiotics of tuberculous lesions of the hip joint

MedAlliance ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Aseptic Necrosis ◽  
Red Bone Marrow ◽  
Radiation Imaging ◽  
Osteoarticular Tuberculosis ◽  
State Research Institute

SummarySpecific tuberculous lesion of the hip joint is the second most common lesion among all forms of osteoarticular tuberculosis. Diagnosis of this lesion causes significant difficulties both in the presence and absence of the pul-monary process. This is due to the non-specificity of clini-cal and anamnestic signs, which leads to the erroneous diagnosis, viz. degenerative joint damage (coxarthrosis), and prolonged unjustified monitoring and treatment of such patients. Over the past 10 years, the widespread in-troduction of modern high-tech methods of radiation ex-amination (such as computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) into clinical practice allows for more detailed imaging of specific and non-specific changes in the hip joint, in contrast to radiography. The article presents the long-term experience of the Saint-Peters-burg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Ministry of Healthcare, Russian Federation, modern diag-nostics of tuberculosis lesions of the hip joint, describes the features of the pathomorphology of the joint lesion (including in children of different age groups) which is the basis for radiation imaging of pathology. In adults, the primary localization of tuberculous granuloma is in the bones forming the acetabulum, where the red bone marrow is preserved, while in children, TB granuloma is formed in any of the bones forming the hip joint. The pos-sibilities of modern radiological methods of visualization of this pathology are described for their correct selection by the treating physicians in case of suspected hip tuber-culous lesion. Differential diagnostic signs of the most common hip diseases are presented: non-specific coxitis, aseptic necrosis of the femoral head, coxarthrosis, which will allow treating physicians and radiologists to correctly interpret the changes detected by radiation imaging methods when assessing changes in the hip joint.

scholarly journals Pathohistologic Changes in Hip Tissues and Clinical-Morphologic Correlations in Diseases Complicated by Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
V. V Grigorovskiy ◽  
V. V Filipchuk ◽  
M. S Kabatsiy
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Femoroacetabular Impingement ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Acetabular Labrum ◽  
Aseptic Necrosis ◽  
Association Coefficient ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Fai Syndrome

The purpose of the work was to detect clinical-morphologic correlative dependences in patients with clinically marked femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome basing on the study of pathomorphologic changes in hip joint tissues, semiquantitative quantification of pathologic changes intensity, frequency analysis of their occurrence in nosologic groups of comparison. Study was performed on specimens of hip joint tissues - femoral head, acetabulum, acetabular labrum and joint capsule, resected during indicated corrective surgeries for femoral head aseptic necrosis and juvenile epiphysiolysis. Clinical-morphologic study revealed various pathologic changes: dystrophic-destructive, ischemic-necrotic and productive-inflammatory. In patients with FAI syndrome clinical and morphologic correlative dependences varied by absolute value, sign and degree of reliability of association coefficient parameters, i.e. groups of patients with certain nosologic units retained the peculiarities of rate and characteristics proportions in correlative dependences

Relationship of peroxidation indicators and hemograms in children with hip joint pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
M. P. Teplen’kiy ◽  
E. L. Matveeva ◽  
E. S. Spirkina ◽  
A. G. Gasanova
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Perthes Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Aseptic Necrosis ◽  
Joint Pathology ◽  
Group I

The increase in the number of patients with hip pathologies among children of different ages makes the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases one of the most actually existing problems in modern orthopedics. The aim of the work was to determine the features of the lipid peroxidation system - antioxidant protection and hemogram indices in children with various forms of hip joint pathology. The results of a preoperative examination of 47 patients aged 6-15 years (average age 10.3 years) who were treated at the clinic “FSBI NICC“ TO ”named after academician G. A. Ilizarova, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. There were 25 boys and 20 girls. Given nosology, patients were divided into five groups. The diagnosis was established on the basis of a clinical and radiological examination. Group I consisted of 8 male patients with stage II Perthes disease (mean age 8.75 + 1.63). Group II includes 16 patients (8 boys, 7 girls) with stage III Perthes disease. (average age 11.80 + 0.89). Group III included 12 patients (6 boys, 6 girls) with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head (average age 14.7 + 2.35). Group IV consisted of 4 patients (1 boy, 3 girls) with epiphyseal dysplasia. (average age 10.25 + 1.36). Group V includes 7 patients with hip dysplasia complicated by aseptic necrosis of the femoral head (mean age 8.33 + 2.11). The norm is the data that was obtained after examining 10 healthy male adolescents (age 13-14) and 5 female adolescents (age 8-14 years). Changes in lipid peroxidation rates and antioxidant activity are unidirectional in different forms of pathology of the hip joints in children, and the content of peroxidation products reliably correlates with hemogram values in stage II osteochondropathy and complicated hip dysplasia. In the complex of diagnostic measures for children with dystrophic lesions of the hip joint, to clarify the nature and stage of the pathological process, as additional criteria, hemogram indicators and lipid peroxidation systems - antioxidant protection can be used.

scholarly journals Creation of a System for Managing and Coordinating Research and Development Activities at High-Tech Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-199
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Development Work ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Coordination System ◽  
Expert Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

The article considers the role of research and development in the activities of high-tech enterprises. The problems that arise during the implementation of innovation and investment activities of enterprises are analyzed, which are associated with the complexity of the commercial evaluation of developments and new products, the incompleteness of research, the lack of infrastructure for the design of new technologies, as well as the fragmentation of financial opportunities with development potential. It is concluded that most of the problems that arise at the design stage of research and development work cannot be effectively resolved by a set of separate measures. In this regard, the article proposes the construction of a management and coordination system for research and development. This system is integrated into a functional management system, focused on the successful implementation of innovative strategies and the growth of market value of high-tech enterprises. The main tasks of constructing such a system are given, its components are described in detail. The use of the “stage-gate” method to provide an objective selection of research and development work within the framework of the direction for the development of the project management subsystem is justified. The article presents the author's method of comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of R&D projects, based on the use of an integral indicator. To reduce the subjectivity of the method of expert analysis, the need for the correct selection of experts is noted. Experts must have managerial experience in enterprises engaged in or financing research, development and commercialization of R&D results. The article presents a practical example of assessing the effectiveness of a R&D project for a specific high-tech enterprise.

scholarly journals THE EXPERIENCE OF USE OF CERAMIC-POLYETHYLENE PROSTHESES IN TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
F A Turahodzhaev ◽  
N V Zagorodnii ◽  
H M Magomedov ◽  
S A Kalashnikov
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Joint Pathology

From 2004 to 2014 there were conducted more than 400 operations with the use of ceramic- polyethylene prostheses in the Hospital №13 (clinical base of the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia). In any case there were no signs of aseptic loosening of prosthesis components. Nowadays the use of low friction ceramic-polyethylene friction pair in hip arthroplasty is widespread for most patients with hip joint pathology in all age groups.

scholarly journals Corrective Intertrochanteric Osteotomy of the Femur for Aseptic Necrosis of the Femoral Head after Bloodless Reduction of Congenital Dislocation in School-Age Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khojaakhmed Shaykhislamovich Alpysbaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Dislocation ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Congenital Dislocation ◽  
School Age ◽  
Greater Trochanter ◽  
Congenital Hip Dislocation ◽  
Aseptic Necrosis ◽  
Results Of Treatment

The immediate results of treatment of 72 children aged 7 to 12 years with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head after bloodless reduction of congenital hip dislocation were analyzed. When treating patients, the following types of surgical treatment were used:extra-articular or open centering of the femoral head with intertrochanteric-torsion-varizing or devarizing and rotational osteotomy of the femur with bringing down the greater trochanter in the caudal direction. In all patients, pain and lameness disappeared, internal rotation of the lower extremities when walking, and the range of motion in the hip joint improved. Improved radiometric parameters characterizing the ratio of the acetabulum and the head of the femur and the angular values of the hip joint and proximal femur.

scholarly journals Pathohistologic Changes in Hip Tissues and Clinical-Morphologic Correlations in Diseases Complicated by Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome

2014 ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
V. V. Grigorovskiy ◽  
V. V. Filipchuk ◽  
M. S. Kabatsiy
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Femoroacetabular Impingement ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Acetabular Labrum ◽  
Aseptic Necrosis ◽  
Association Coefficient ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Fai Syndrome

The purpose of the work was to detect clinical-morphologic correlative dependences in patients with clinically marked femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome basing on the study of pathomorphologic changes in hip joint tissues, semiquantitative quantification of pathologic changes intensity, frequency analysis of their occurrence in nosologic groups of comparison. Study was performed on specimens of hip joint tissues - femoral head, acetabulum, acetabular labrum and joint capsule, resected during indicated corrective surgeries for femoral head aseptic necrosis and juvenile epiphysiolysis. Clinical-morphologic study revealed various pathologic changes: dystrophic-destructive, ischemic-necrotic and productive-inflammatory. In patients with FAI syndrome clinical and morphologic correlative dependences varied by absolute value, sign and degree of reliability of association coefficient parameters, i.e. groups of patients with certain nosologic units retained the peculiarities of rate and characteristics proportions in correlative dependences

scholarly journals Features of the Metabolism of Organic and Inorganic Matrix of Bone Tissue in Patients with Degenerative-Dystrophic Changes in the Hip Joint

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
G.V. Gayko ◽  
S. Mahomedov ◽  
O.G. Gayko ◽  
S.N. Besedynskyi ◽  
T.A. Kuzub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Hip Joint Replacement

Summary. In 77 patients (37 men and 40 women) of different age groups who underwent hip joint replacement, the content of calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase and hydroxyproline in blood serum was determined. The results of a study of biochemical markers showed the predominance of osteoporotic processes in patients of elder age groups, as is evidenced by an increase in the level of free hydroxyproline and a decrease in protein-bound hydroxyproline in blood serum, as well as by an increase in the level of hydroxyproline in daily urine excretion compared with reference indices. A decrease in calcium excretion with age both in men and women can be associated with a decrease in calcium intake and its absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, which is typical for the elderly. Calcium has the greatest importance in metabolic disorders of bone tissue. Maintaining the normal state of bones in adults is associated with continuously ongoing process called “bone remodeling”. Violation of remodeling in the direction of increasing bone resorption and reducing bone formation is considered as the main reason for the development of osteoporosis. The processes of bone formation and resorption are displayed in the blood and urine at the level of various enzymes from bone tissue, by products of bone matrix synthesis or cell destruction products. Biochemical markers of osteoporosis manifestations are specific, expressing bone synthesis and resorption processes. The violations of bone metabolism reflect most objectively not the absolute indicators of mineral metabolism and metabolites of the main bone tissue protein (collagen), but the coefficient of their ratios.

scholarly journals ASSESSING RISKS CAUSED BY NICKEL-CONTAINING NANOMATERIALS: HAZARD CHARACTERIZATION IN VIVO

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
G.I. Tikhonova ◽  
◽  
M.S. Bryleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Small Population ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Hazard Characterization

The paper dwells on examining mortality among men due to malignant neoplasms (MNs) in Russia and in Norilsk and Monchegorsk, two monotowns located in the Arctic zone with the only industry there being nickel production. Nickel is a well-known carcinogen. Given rather small population numbers in these two towns, the authors calculated mortality due to MNs that was aver- aged over 8 years (2010–2017) for 5-year age groups and standardized mortality ratios (SMR) for employable and post- employable ages as per this nosology in general and specific MNs localizations as well. Mortality was comparatively analyzed in two male populations in the following pairs: Monchegorsk and Russia, Norilsk and Russia; the analysis was based on data on climatic peculiarities in the towns, working conditions at industrial enterprises, ecological situation, and socioeconomic features including an existing situation in public healthcare. Socioeconomic welfare and public healthcare quality were close to average Russian ones in Monchegorsk, but SMR for employable population was higher than on average in the country: due to MNs in general, by 34.7 %; nickel-specific MNs such as MNs of the lip, mouth, and throat, by 2.2 times; MNs in the stomach, by 1.5 times. In Norilsk working conditions were similar to those in Monchegorsk but the environmental conditions were worse; still, mortality among employable population was lower: due to MNs in general, by 15.4 %; MNs of the lip, mouth, and throat, by 14.0 %; due to MNs in the stomach, by 39.3 %. In comparison with Russia as a whole, mortality due to MNs was also lower at employable age but higher by 21.6 % at post-employable one. A decrease in MNs-related mortality and carcinogenic effects becoming apparent at older ages were achieved due to organizing up-to-date oncologic aid in Norilsk including high-tech diagnostic, treatment, and rehabilitation procedures as well as due to higher living standards in the town.

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