International Trends in Behavioural Science: Managing People, Knowledge, Strategy and Performance in 21st Century

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surjya Sikha Das
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Behavioural Science ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Knowledge Strategy ◽  
And Performance

Advanced Carbon Materials: Base of 21st Century Scientific Innovations in Chemical, Polymer, Sensing and Energy Engineering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ikram ◽  
Ali Raza ◽  
Khurram Shahzad ◽  
Ali Haider ◽  
Junaid Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Carbon Allotrope ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Hierarchical Carbon ◽  
Energy Engineering

Advance carbon material that includes graphene, fullerenes, hierarchical carbon, and CNTs are referred to as strength of revolution and advancement in the era of material science and technology. In general, 20th century corresponds to plastic meanwhile 21st century will be named as “Century of Graphene” owing to its exceptional physical properties. Graphene is now well-known and prominent 2D carbon allotrope that is considered as multipurpose material in comparison with any material discovered on earth. One of the interesting properties of graphene is strongest and lightest material that enables it to conduct electricity and heat as compared to any other material. Such features permit it to utilize in numerous applications including biosensors, electronic industry, environmental remediation, drug delivery, energy storage, and production as well. Owing to these capabilities, it can be stated that graphene can be utilized to improve effectiveness and performance of existing substances and materials. In the future, conjugation of graphene with other 2D material will be devolved to produce further remarkable compounds that make it appropriate for an extensive variety of applications. This chapter grants the utilization and applications of advanced carbons materials in chemical, polymer, sensing and energy enegineering.

Evaluation of the Relationship Between Leadership Characteristics and Motivation and Satisfaction in Health Institutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-68
Author(s):  
Zafer Adiguzel
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Leadership Characteristics ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Taking Care

This article describes how due to the globalization activities, where competition is very intense and economic, technological and international environmental elements are also very active and uncertain. In the 21st century, the concept “management” stands out so that all institutions, including health institutions, can see their present and future locations, anticipate opportunities and threats, adapt to all the changes that have taken place, make their services more effective and sustain their success. Organizations need leaders who are open to teamwork, encouraging, creative, sociable, energetic, attaching importance to their subordinates' feelings, thoughts, needs and expectations, taking care to develop high quality relations with their subordinates and respecting their subordinates. Within the scope of the study, the understanding of leadership in health institutions and the importance of leadership are emphasized; the effects of leadership on the motivation, satisfaction and performance of the employees

scholarly journals Exploring what teams perceive by ‘culture’ when implementing new models of care

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 492-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Rose Bull ◽  
Lucie Marie Theresa Byrne-Davis ◽  
Juliette Swift ◽  
Kirstie Baxter ◽  
Neil McLauchlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Care ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Workplace Culture ◽  
Behavioural Science ◽  
Cultural Challenges ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
New Models ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Experience Of Change

Abstract Introduction Health and social care organizations continually face change to coordinate efforts, improve care quality and better meet patient needs in the context of growing pressure on services. NHS ‘vanguard’ teams funded to pilot organizational change in England have argued that alongside new structures, policies and governance, a shift in ‘workplace culture’ is needed to implement change. Although now defined in the literature and seen as an important driver of quality care, it was not clear what teams themselves meant when discussing workplace culture. Methods In a qualitative study nested in a wider behavioural science programme, 34 managers and frontline NHS staff took part in interviews and focus groups on the role and meaning of ‘workplace culture’ in their experience of change. Participants were from organizations in four NHS England vanguards implementing new models of care. Inductive thematic analysis revealed six interlinking themes: unity, emotions, support, consistency, openness to innovation and performance. Results The term ‘workplace culture’ was nuanced and used in various ways. It was seen as a determinant, measure and/or consequence of change and linked to workplace behaviours, emotions and cognitions. Participants agreed that imposed top-down change in new models of care was a common cause of damaged culture and had knock-on effects on care quality, despite manager accounts of the importance of staff ideas. Discussion Our findings suggest that exploring teams’ own meanings of culture and behaviour change barriers, gathering ideas and co-developing tailored support would help overcome cultural challenges in implementing new models of care.

Competing Through Knowledge and Information Systems Strategies: A Study of Small and Medium-Sized Firms

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 1650027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolande E. Chan ◽  
James S. Denford ◽  
Joyce Y. Jin
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Knowledge Strategy ◽  
Information Systems Strategy ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Knowledge Strategies ◽  
Innovation Capital

In this study, we investigated strategies that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Canada employ to create, transfer, and apply knowledge, and we evaluated the importance of supporting dynamic knowledge capabilities and information systems. To examine the empirical support for a model based on the resource-based view of the firm, we conducted a survey of SMEs operating in knowledge-intensive industries. We tested relationships among knowledge strategy, information systems strategy, dynamic knowledge capabilities, and firm performance. SME performance was measured by their physical and financial capital, as well as four intangible types of capital: structural, human, innovation, and relational. We observed that dynamic knowledge capabilities only partially mediate the link between knowledge strategy and performance in SMEs. However, dynamic knowledge capabilities fully mediate the link between information systems (IS) strategy and performance in the small and medium-sized firms studied. We observed that information systems only indirectly influence firm performance, but they directly support the knowledge and innovation capital of SMEs. Further, our results indicated that, in SMEs, knowledge strategies directly influence IS strategies, and that alignment between knowledge strategies and IS strategies positively impacts dynamic knowledge capabilities, and hence firm performance.

scholarly journals Swiftlink: a distributed, parallelised and scriptable linkage engine architecture for the 21st century

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Farrow
Keyword(s):  
Programming Language ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Domain Specific Language ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Computing Resource ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Distributed Solutions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Data Elements ◽  
Glue Code

IntroductionMany currently extant generic tools for performing bulk linkage were developed last century and while they have accreted features to improve their utility they have failed to fully exploit modern computing architectures. Custom highly-parallelised and distributed solutions exist but there is a need for a modern generalised linkage toolkit. Objectives and ApproachThe aim of this project has been to design, from the ground up, a modern flexible, i.e. scriptable, linkage suite which also takes advantage of contemporary computing architectures to address issues such as distribution of computation, parallelisation of computation and cloud-based computation. Rather than being a monolithic linkage tool or a programming suite, a domain specific language has been developed to specifically describe linkage tasks. Linkage tasks written in this language are then 'executed' or 'compiled and run' to perform pair-wise calculations on data elements. Since linkage tasks are generally bespoke, scriptability has been an important consideration. ResultsDeveloping a domain specific linkage language has enabled problem specification to be more descriptive and flexible than a monolithic linkage application. The shift in focus from a programming language to a linkage language has enabled a corresponding shift in focus to linkage-related effort (such as blocking and comparison strategies) away from distracting 'glue' code which relates not to linkage tasks under consideration but rather to the distracting bookkeeping aspects of programme execution. The same linkage task may be compiled against different back ends and languages, e.g. FEBRL (python), swift, Amazon lambda (go). The architecture has enabled otherwise idle computing resource to be utilised as well as cloud-based computing facilities for increased throughput and performance. The architecture of the linkage system will be shown with examples. Conclusion/ImplicationsContemporary advances in computing sciences can and must be leveraged in modern linkage tools. By providing a custom scriptable linkage language, tasks may be more clearly specified in a manner more flexible than monolithic linkage applications and by uncoupling linkage specification from execution, linkage may be performed optimally across multiple machines and resources.

scholarly journals Evolving technologies require educational policy change: Music education for the 21st century

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Music Education ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Digital Learning ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Online Music ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
And Performance

<p>There is growing discussion among education and government authorities on rethinking education in the 21st century. This increasing area of interest has come in response to the evolution of technology and its effect on the future needs and requirements of society. Online applications and social networking capabilities have accelerated in popularity, revealing their potential. The recognised benefits of technology for the use of music education have resulted in collaborative projects and learning and teaching that is not constricted by walls or location. Music education can be accessible to all young people through a combination of social media, blogging and interactive creative musical activities to engage students in all locations, including rural and remote areas. In this 21st century classroom, music education includes online resources, digital learning, in-school workshops, online master classes and live concert streaming where a range of musical styles are explored. This article explores the learning and teaching outcomes of <em>Project Music X</em>, an online music education project designed to fill an important gap in the provision of music education programs in regional and remote schools using a range of web 2.0 technologies. Technology in this context does not only align with the thinking of young people, but also provides a platform for students in remote and rural areas to engage with high quality music education and performance experiences that they would otherwise not have access to.</p>

Teatro Prometeo

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Fonseca Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Theatrical Production ◽  
Financial Problems ◽  
The Public ◽  
International Trends ◽  
And Performance ◽  
One Year

Teatro Prometeo (Prometheus Theater) was founded in Cuba by actor and director Francisco Morín (1918– ) in 1948. Prometeo began as a fundraising project for the magazine of the same name, also founded by Morín in 1947, which was encountering financial problems around the occasion of its one-year anniversary. Morín established the Teatro Prometeo group and staged the play Ligados (Welded) by Eugene O´Neill to raise money to support the magazine. The magazine’s goal was to foster the culture of theater in Cuba through the medium of print, so that members of the public and theater practitioners could inform and educate themselves. Based on similar premises, Teatro Prometeo aimed to stage plays by both national and international writers that had never before been staged in Cuba. Teatro Prometeo intended to generate national theatrical production while also keeping up with international trends in theater and performance by periodically staging the most important plays of world theater.

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