scholarly journals Al-Ṭarīqah al-Naqshabandīyah al-Khālidīyah fī Cianjur, Jawa al-Gharbīyah: Ta‘ālimuhā wa tuqūsuhā wa taṭawwurātuhā

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Wahid Hasyim
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The West ◽  
West Java ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sufi Order ◽  
Islamic Civilization

This article explores the teachings, rituals and developments of the Naqshabandiyah Khalidiyah sufi order in Cianjur, West Java. It has been established since the mid-19th century and has played an important role in the spread of Islam in this area called the "Kota Santri/City of Islamic Students". This is due to the followers of the sufi order still adhering to the principle of khalwat dar anjuman. This principle allows them to practice the spirituality of the sufi order without leaving their social roles and functions as citizens. It can be seen from the diversity of their backgrounds, who are not only farmers, traders and entrepreneurs but also government officials. Moreover, 15 percent of them are millennials. Through a historical approach, this article found that the Naqshabandiyah Khalidiyah sufi order in Cianjur has become an important part of the history of Islamic civilization in the West Java region. The teachings and rituals that blend with the surrounding community have illustrated the diversity of Islam in the archipelago which tends to be Sufi in style since the early days.

scholarly journals Al-Sajā’ir wa shabakat al-‘ulamā’ al-Miṣrīyīn fī Nusantara: Dirāsah fī makhṭūṭ “Bāb fī bayan shurb al-dukhān”

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jajang A. Rohmana
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
West Java ◽  
Business Policies ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
New Tradition

This study reveals on fatwas concerning cigarettes in the Archipelago in the 19th century. The primary source is an Arabic manuscript from Kuningan, West Java, digitized by DREAMSEA, entitled “Bāb fī Bayān Ḥukm Shurb al-Dukhān”. It does not only use arguments from sharia, the interpretation of ulama, and health reasons but also refers to myths and conspiracies. This study finds that this manuscript mentions the existence of ḥaram (prohibited) and makrūh (not legally forbidden but discouraged) on cigarettes referring to two Egyptian ulama in the 17th century. Through analyzing fiqh and social history, this philological study discloses the connection between its author with the Egyptian’s ulama networks as a new center for ideas of Islamic civilization aside from Haramayn. Hence, the arguments of the manuscript openly consider many aspects of sharia in responding to such a new tradition (cigarettes) in the Muslim community. This is different from similar manuscripts discussing this kind of fatwa in the 19th century which only judge as haram so that it is considered politically as a form of a critique against the colonial’ tobacco business policies.

scholarly journals In the garden of the world

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Castorina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The West ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Journey To The West ◽  
First Time ◽  
Shed Light

In the garden of the world. Italy to a young 19th century Chinese traveler. On September 14th, 1859, at the first light of dawn, a young Chinese traveler named Guo Liancheng 郭連城 (1839-1866) landed in Civitavecchia, Italy, after a long journey of overland travel and months of navigation. Coming from a small village far from the capital, he was only 20 years old and was in the company of an Italian priest, Luigi Celestino Spelta. Guo was not the first Chinese man to visit Europe but before leaving, he decided to keep a daily journal of his experience, published soon after his return with the title of Xiyou bilüe西游筆略 (Brief Account of the Journey to the West). This book presents for the first time the story of Guo Liancheng, exploring a still little-known aspect of the history of the contacts between Italy and China. Following the pages of Guo Liancheng’s journal, the author tries to shed light on its contents and features and to analyze the image of Italy described in the pages of Brief account of the Journey to the West, the earliest firsthand account on the Bel Paese ever published in China.

scholarly journals POTRET STUDI ALQURAN DI MATA ORIENTALIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Hasani Ahmad Said
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
Islamic Civilization

Before the mid-19th century, most of the books written by western people attacked Islam based on purely theological reasons of Christian dogma. Through the study of Orientalism, the West tries to understand Islam in order to destroy it from the inside and thwart every effort to revive Islamic civilization. It sounds provocative, but that is the reality. Orientalist asks Omar Ibn Khattab who fear the verse of Holy Qur'an lost, after large number of memorizer of Holy Quran died in the war of Yamama. The Evidence of the anxiety shown with insisting Abu Bakr as a Caliph to instantly codify the Quran. In addition, for example, why the writings that shaped suhoof is not directly saved by the prophet himself, and why did the Zayd Ibn Thabit which was appointed as a codification writer of the Quran seemed unprepared with the loss of some verses from surah Bara'ah. Then this paper is to answer the debate in the sight of orientalists.

scholarly journals Sufism and Millennial Generation Movements in Modern Nusantara

Al-Albab ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Elmansyah Elmansyah ◽  
Muhammed Sahrin Bin Haji Masri ◽  
Saimi Bin Bujang
Keyword(s):  
Millennial Generation ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Civilization

This article aims to show how Sufism has survived and existed in the history of Nusantara Islamic civilization. This is interesting, especially for the millennial generation, as an example of dealing with the swift currents of change and the desire to build the Indonesian Islamic Civilization within Islam Nusantara context. The data of the work is based on a comparative research project with a historical approach. The work suggests four key findings. First, the emergence of Sufism in the 3rd century of Hijri was part of the response in changes in Islamic civilization. Second, to counter the unexpected changes in time, the Sufis returned to the spiritual teachings, so as to avoid negativity. Third, a strong mentality of Sufis made them travel around the world to create a new civilization. Fourth, tolerant attitudes and models of the Sufis are the mainstays in achieving their mission.

scholarly journals Sufism and Millennial Generation Movements in Modern Nusantara

Al-Albab ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Elmansyah Elmansyah ◽  
Muhammed Sahrin Bin Haji Masri ◽  
Saimi Bin Bujang
Keyword(s):  
Millennial Generation ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Civilization

This article aims to show how Sufism has survived and existed in the history of Nusantara Islamic civilization. This is interesting, especially for the millennial generation, as an example of dealing with the swift currents of change and the desire to build the Indonesian Islamic Civilization within Islam Nusantara context. The data of the work is based on a comparative research project with a historical approach. The work suggests four key findings. First, the emergence of Sufism in the 3rd century of Hijri was part of the response in changes in Islamic civilization. Second, to counter the unexpected changes in time, the Sufis returned to the spiritual teachings, so as to avoid negativity. Third, a strong mentality of Sufis made them travel around the world to create a new civilization. Fourth, tolerant attitudes and models of the Sufis are the mainstays in achieving their mission.

scholarly journals ¬ISLAM DAN PERADABAN SPANYOL: Catatan Kritis Beberapa Faktor Penyebab Kesuksesan Islam Spanyol

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudirman Sudirman
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
North Africa ◽  
European Society ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Classical Period ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
The West ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Islamic Civilization

Born in the East, Islam was successfully expanded to Spain, a strong Christianity based country in the West. The civilization of this nation has encouraged the development of Europe in many ways, especially in the area of science and technology. The development of culture and civilization in Europe was undeniably connected to the existence of Islamic government in Spain. When Muslims rule this country many Europeans tempted to learn and study in Spain. At this classical period, Islam reached their golden era. Spain had become the central of Islamic civilization. From this fact, there are several important questions arise worth discussed in this essay, firstly, the background of the Islamic expansion to Spain and the dynamic development of Islam in this country that resulted in a great success.<br />In this article, the writer applies historical approach using historical data from various history literature sources. In general, there are two conclusions. First of all, the expansion of Islamic government to Spain was motivated by the development of Islamic government in North Africa. Therefore, the expansion to Europe through Spain was unavoidable. Furthermore, Spain is the nearest region to North Africa and the power of Gothic Kingdom ruled this region was weakened. Second, the development of Islam in Spain was about 500 years and had reached its peak of supremacy when it was under the Abdurrahman III command. Although Islam, finally, was expelled from Spain after the fall of Islamic government, the Islamic culture has triggered European society renaissance.<br /><br />Key words: Islam, Spain, culture, civilization.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Numerus surdus y armonía musical. Sobre el temperamento igual y el fin del reinado pitagórico de los números

2021 ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Lianggi Espinoza ◽  
Juan Redmond ◽  
Pablo César Palacios Torres ◽  
Ismael Cortez Aguilera
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The West ◽  
String Instruments ◽  
Equal Temperament ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

AbstractThe development of philosophical ideas throughout history has sometimes been assisted by the use of handcrafted instruments. Some paradigmatic cases, such as the invention of the telescope or the microscope, show that many philosophical approaches have been the result of the intervention of such instruments. The aim of this article is to show the determining role that stringed musical instruments with frets had in the crisis and generation of philosophical paradigms. In fact, just as the observations of the moon with the telescope broke more than a thousand years of Aristotelian hegemony, the fretted string instruments, predecessors of the guitar, played a central role in the collapse of one of the most influential approaches in the history of Philosophy: Pythagorism. We focus on the fundamental hallmarks of Pythagorism and on how, during the 16th century and from the fretted string instruments, the mathematical-musical notion of equal temperament emerged, which from the middle of the 19th century will be established as the prevailing philosophical-musical paradigm of the West.

scholarly journals Contribution of Abu Isa Tirmidhi to the Science of Hadith

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 593-599
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
The West ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
Scientific Legacy ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Indeed, the hadiths are one of the topics that have been causing extensive discussions in the West since the 19th century. Many western scholars believe that the hadiths were fabricated and they have no historical significance. At the same time, there are many researchers who totally reject these views. Most researchers, in particular, Ignaz Goldziher, Schacht denied most hadiths and they claimed that hadiths have no historical significance. According to them, rulers and jurists all fabricated ḥadiths to reinforce their legal views or to validate already-existing practices. Other groups of scholars, such as John Burton, Motzki, and N.Abbot, admit the hadiths as reliable sources after the Qur'an. The superficial conclusions of Western scholars have been denied by Muslim researchers by F.Sezgin, Abu Shuhba, al-Marsafi, al-A’zami, Maloush on the basis of historical facts. However, scholars on both sides have not seriously objected to “al-Kitab as-Sitta” which translates as “The Authentic Six”. The six major hadith collections (“Sahih Bukhari”, collected by Imam Bukhari , “Sahih Muslim, collected by Muslim b. al-Hajjaj, “Sunan Abu Dawood”, collected by Abu Dawood , “Jami al-Tirmidhi”, collected by al-Tirmidhi, Sunan al-Sughra, collected by al-Nasa'i, Sunan ibn Majah, collected by Ibn Majah have been considered as valuable source on the history of Islam. “Jami al-Tirmidhi” plays an important role among them. Some researchers think this work second or third vital source after “Sahih Bukhari”. In the article, the life of hadith scholars, his scientific legacy, structure and importance of “Jami al-Tirmidhi”, special style of Abu Isa Tirmidhi in hadith methodology, opinions of other scholars on this work, differences between Imam Bukhari and Imam Tirmidhi on writing and selecting hadiths and legal issues of them will be discussed.

scholarly journals The Slavic Qur’an Translation of the 16th–18th Centuries: Poland and Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-82
Author(s):  
D. V. Mukhetdinov
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Research Cycle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Ethnocultural Group ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Grand Duchy ◽  
Modern Russian

This paper aims to continue and develop the research cycle on history of Qur’an translations in Europe. The paper deals with rethinking of possible background of Russian Qur’an translations, commonly traced back up to the first half of the 19th century. Ca. 1800 the tradition of Qur’an translating in Russia was already rich and varied in its scientific, literary and religious contexts. However, its origin could be found in the earlier similar tradition of Lithuanian Tatars, which was developed at least from the 16th century in intellectual space of the three states, namely Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Rzeczpospolita and Tsardom of Russia. This Muslim ethnocultural group shaped their own Qur’an translation school in the West Russian (Ruthenian, Old Belorusian) language closely related to modern Russian.

scholarly journals Ranggawarsita dan Sufisme Jawa: Studi Pemikiran Bagus Burham Terhadap Budaya Islam Jawa (1823-1870)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-127
Author(s):  
Samudra Eka Cipta
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

This research is explained about Raden Ngabehi Ranggawarchitecture in the history of Javanese literature and good Burham (another name of rangawarchitecture related to the development of Theosufism teaching in Java). This research uses several problems, namely 1) how the history of Rangawarchitecture as a Javanese literary? 2) How is Javanese literary condition in the 19th century? 3) How ranggawarchitecture thought against Islam. This study used a historical approach by looking at a barrage of historical events and using a literature study approach.

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