Understanding Civil Law in The Context of Contemporary Islam in Indonesia

This article aims to better understand civil law in the context of modern Islam in Indonesia by reviewing several publications that address civil law in the context of Islam from an Islamic standpoint. This article was conducted using a qualitative method. Then, utilizing coding and assessment methods, we examined the data to understand the primary issue fully. Because the research was performed during a pandemic, government restrictions limited public mobility; we relied on secondary data. Finding civil law in an Islamic context, marriage law in an Islamic context that emphasizes an Islamic view following the state's view, how is the evidence for studying civil law in an Islamic context; including the primary law of the individual section, civil family law, and inheritance law in an Islamic context are among the highlights of our findings. We can conclude that Islamic civil law encompasses Munakahat (all aspects of marriage, divorce, and their legal consequences); Wiratsat (all aspects of heirs, heirs, inheritance, and inheritance distribution); and Mu'amalah (all aspects of material things and rights to objects, as well as human relations).

Multicultural Community Rationality in Running Religious Activities in Pandemic Times

Indonesian society is a multicultural society that lives side by side with all the differences. In Indonesia, they are presently six official religions-namely Islam, Protestant Christian, Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. It is this difference of belief that makes people live in peace and practice their respective religious teachings without any intention of disturbing the beliefs of others. The teaching of tolerance is also applied in one of the villages in Malang Regency, namely Peniwen Village. The majority of the population of this village are Protestant and Catholic Christians. Residents in this village always carry out religious activities in accordance with what has been ordered without any sense of demeaning other religions. The method used in this article is descriptive qualitative using Max Weber's theory of rationality. The purpose of this article is to find out the rationality of the people of Peniwen Village in carrying out religious activities during the pandemic. This happened because during the pandemic almost all activities were limited. The results of this study demonstrate that the Village residents continue to perform religious activities by implementing health protocols and upholding tolerance between different religious communities. The current health protocols regulate the number of congregants who will worship at the church, wear masks, and maintain personal distance.

Women Who Work According to Khaled Aboue El-Fadl

This article aims to discuss the views of working women according to Khaled Aboue el-Fadl, which will discuss. First, First, who is Khaled Aboue el-Fadl? Second, what is the scope of working women? Third, what are the pertinent examples of cases and solutions from working women? This research uses an analytical study method, namely an examination of library information sources such as books, magazines, documents, notes, historical material. This methodology is used to elucidate an analytical and descriptive analysis of working women according to the corpus of Khaled Aboue el-Fadl. These results indicate that the goal in Islam is a reflection of the function that women who work are actually not really permitted because women actually have to be at the house of the household manager. However, the Islamic view also contains the concept that women who work are also asked to contribute to the family's livelihood, especially for the welfare of the family. Further, it is expected that the woman must wear clothes that cover her eyes so that she can avoid seeing that which is not her muhrim and not to Allah who achieves His pleasure.

Survival Mechanism of The Shia Community Post-Shia–Sunni Sampang Conflict in 2012

The purpose of this article is to discuss the mechanisms that the Shia community of Rusunnawa Puspa Agro Sidoarjo adopted to survive the sectarian conflict of 2012. This research uses a qualitative approach, using a snowball sampling technique with key informants, Ustad Tajul Muluk and Ustad Iklil. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews. The result is indicative of the fact that the Shia community took three approaches to survive the sectarian clashes. First, the Shia community attempted to reduce its daily expenses to the most urgent needs. Second, the Shia community members used an alternative subsystem of working as coconut shelling labor, farming the surrounding land, and raising goats and chickens to help meet their daily needs. Third, the Shia community members got a governmental network in the form of jadup money,[1] in the form of the patron-client relationship. This research also shows that the Shia community needs to get social support because material assistance is not enough [1] - Jadup is the acronym of jatah hidup, and Jatah is a financial help which is either provided by the government, or parents, or even one’s boss, but not because one has done something, but rather, because it is part of one’s right.

Veil (Niqâb) Problematics in Islamic Law Perspective; Religion or Culture? (Islamic Legal Approach)

The phenomenon of wearing veil (niqâb) by Muslim women in Indonesia leads to negative perspectives frequently by the majority. Recently, mass media has also highlighted polemics related to the prohibition of wearing the veil in certain institutions and events repeatedly. This study aims to reveal the position of wearing niqab in the perspective of Islamic law, whether it is a part of religious dogma that must be maintained, or is it just a certain community’s culture that is not an obligation for every Muslim. A legal approach in Islamic studies related to the veil phenomenon is needed to reveal the status of wearing a veil. This kind of research is library research using descriptive qualitative research methods. From this study, it was found that the majority of Islamic jurists and sharia experts decided that a woman's face was not included in the genitals. Their decisions rely on Quran and sunnah as the main sources of Islamic law. The scholars are not really questioning the habituation of wearing the veil in Arab society because it was already being a fashion culture of some people there. In order to wear a veil is included in the category of mubah, is not something that is ordered or even prohibited by religion. If a woman's face is not genitals, then under certain conditions, especially when she got pressure, she is expected to show her face. Research related to the law of wearing a veil with other approaches such as theology, phenomenology, culture, etc. will be very helpful in solving the problem of wearing the veil in Indonesia.

Media Monitoring Model in Public Relations of BUMN (State-owned enterprises) Companies

Media monitoring is a form of Public Relations activity used in many companies, including the companies in Indonesia, to monitor mass media coverage and to find out current issues among the public. One of the companies that implement media monitoring activities in PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) X. PTPN X is a state-owned company engaged in the sugar and tobacco business in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to describe the monitoring media model in the Public Relations of BUMN companies, namely PT Perkebunan Nusantara X Surabaya. In this study, the researcher used a qualitative descriptive approach through data collection by observation, interviews, and documentation. The theory used was the theory of Evaluation of Public Relations. One form of Evaluation of Public Relations is media monitoring. The results of this study found that the media monitoring model applied by PTPN X was a media monitoring model in normal conditions and the model during a crisis. This research is indispensable in the development of media monitoring practices and studies in Indonesia, especially for the Public Relations/Public Relations department.

Digital Divide for Teacher During Pandemic Covid-19

The phenomenon of the emergence of corona viruses disease ( covid19 ) in today's world affects change in social life especially from face-to-face models to online learning models. This has led to the emergence of disparities in access to the ability for teachers e-learning Blitar district .The digital gap by Van Dijk suggested that access is high in the communication and information technology categories held by individual persons and a high position. Those with higher education more have access to the internet than those with low. The second is the adoption diffusion theory By Everret M .Rogers were explained the adoption process of technology, information, and communication and discuss how innovation is adopted by the community. This study adopted qualitative approaches through in-depth interviews with five teachers chosen by purposive sampling methods. The results are the differences in resources experienced by teachers have an impact on the duration of access (often using built-in applications but never used for learning), mental, and social (teachers become passive). The most dominant differences in access are differences in motivation (teachers do not have a strong motivation to access), materials (teachers do not have sufficient income to access digital technology every day), skills and usage (teachers are not intense in using digital technology, they do not use current learning applications).

Rehabilitation of the Knowledge of Revelation

Muslims rose to prominence by following revelation. They faded by following tradition. For tradition is a reflection of revelation. How did tradition eclipse revelation? Tradition began to contend with revelation for attention. First, the tradition cast doubt on the ability of reason to “explain” revelation. To enhance its prestige, tradition presented itself as “equal” to revelation. As a result of the inclusion of tradition in revelation, the meaning of “revelation” changed. Revelation was no longer restricted to the word of God; it would in addition encompass the reports of men. This had an effect on the Muslim civilization. For in the longer term, tradition did not merely “supplement” revelation. It went on to “judge,” replace and even abrogate parts of revelation. Traditions – the words of persons – replaced the words of God. Thus, renewal requires rescuing revelation from weak traditions. This entails the assistance of reason, which was similarly sidelined by tradition. People were expected to follow tradition even against reason. Hence, renewal requires the affirmation of the pre-eminence of revelation in relation to reason and tradition. Tradition, for its part, requires being consigned to its role as the actualization of revelation in practice rather than its “judge” or “abrogator.”

Actualization of Religious Figures in Building a Culture of Peace in Plajan Pakis Aji Jepara

The lack of understanding of the culture of peace and the inadequate actualization of religious leaders (Islam, Christianity, and Hinduism) in Plajan Village, has resulted in the stagnation of a culture of peace that has been formed for a long time. Therefore, it is necessary to optimally actualize religious figures (Islam, Christianity, and Hinduism) in Plajan Village. This is because religious leaders are the key agents in fostering religious communities and as projections of the examples of religious adherents. To be stronger, it can also be added with innovation in the realm of peace management. Peace management is the answer to various challenges of division, conflict, and so on. Because peace management emphasizes intensive dialogue or interaction between religious leaders and religious communities. This research methodology uses qualitative research with a case study approach. Data collection techniques through observation and documentation methods. While the data analysis technique uses the Miles Huberman model, which consists of three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.

Transformation of Khataman Al-Qur'an in The Pandemic Time of Covid-19

Khataman Al-Quran is the activity of reading Al-Quran which starts from surah al-Fatihah to surah an-Naas. Khataman Al-Quran is one of the religious activities carried out by Fatayat Muslimat NU (Nahdatul Ulama) Sarirejo. Khataman Al-Quran can transform when its implementation is disturbed. As was the case when there was a covid-19 pandemic outbreak, all forms of religious activities of the NU Muslim Fatayat underwent a transformation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the transformation of the Khataman Al-Quran carried out by Fatayat Muslimat NU during the Covid-19 pandemic. Researchers used qualitative methods because, in accordance with the research discussion, the results could not be measured by NUmbers but by using words. The data collection techniques used were observation and in-depth interviews. The theory used in this research is Talcott Parson's AGIL theory. There are 4 things that are interconnected, namely adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and latency. The result of this research is that the Khataman al-Qur'an carried out by Fatayat Muslimat NU in Sarirejo District underwent a transformation during the Covid-19 pandemic. The transformation that occurred was the change in reading the khataman Al-Quran face-to-face in Sarirejo Subdistrict to face-to-face reading in each village and being guided online by the Fatayat Muslimat NU, Sarirejo District. The transformation occurred because there were restrictions on community activities in order to stop the spread of covid-19.