scholarly journals Land use and soil quality in peri-urban farms in Southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-174
Author(s):  
Agi Costa Cassimo ◽  
Paulo César Nascimento ◽  
Patrícia Lima De Lima ◽  
Carlos Gustavo Tornquist ◽  
Carlos Alberto Bissani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Small family farms constitute a major part of land use in the surrounding regions of Brazilian cities, as these farms not only contribute to the food supply, but also help conserve rural landscapes and improve environmental services. This study evaluated agricultural impacts on soil quality in seven family farms in Porto Alegre municipality, Rio Grande do Sul state, RS. Selected production units (PUs) were managed as conventional or organic farms, producing horticultural crops, fruits and pastures, besides native forests. Soil samples were collected from representative areas for five use and management types, under disturbed and undisturbed conditions, at 0–20 cm depth. Physical and chemical attributes were analyzed, comparing the effects of types of land use. Data analysis showed that more affected attributes were soil density, macro and microporosity, phosphorus content, pH and electrical conductivity. Macroporosity, phosphorus, zinc and cooper contents are the greater threats to soil quality. Horticulture, under both agroecological and conventional production systems caused major changes compared to natural conditions.

scholarly journals Does the irrigated mango cultivation in the semiarid change the Physical and chemical attributes of the soil?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-414
Author(s):  
Leane Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Augusto Miguel Nascimento Lima ◽  
Marcos Sales Rodrigues ◽  
Jailson Cavalcante Cunha ◽  
Laura Paula Araújo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The replacement of native vegetation by crops may result in changes in the chemical and physical attributes of the soil, preventing the sustainability of the agricultural production. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate, in two consecutive years (2014 and 2015), the effect of irrigated mango cultivation in some physical and chemical attributes of the soil in relation to Caatinga in Petrolina-PE, Brazil. In areas under irrigated mango (under the canopy region and the row spacing) and Caatinga (taken as reference), soil samples were collected at the 0-10 and 10-20 cm depths. The chemical and physical analyzes were performed, and were calculated bases sum (BS), cations exchangeable capacity (CEC) and base saturation (V, %). The irrigate mango cultivation (canopy region) increased the macronutrients content (P, K, Ca and Mg), BS and V (%) for both evaluated years at the 0-10 and 10-20 cm depths. In soil under irrigated mango cultivation (under the canopy region and in the row spacing), the macronutrient contents presented a stochastic pattern in the years of 2014 and 2015. The change of land use, from Caatinga to irrigated mango cultivation, does not induce a negative impact in the soil chemical attributes under the adopted management conditions.

scholarly journals Xanthomonas Wilt of Banana Drives Changes in Land-use and Ecosystem Services across Infected Landscapes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Ocimati ◽  
Jeroen Groot ◽  
Pablo Tittonell ◽  
Godfrey Taulya ◽  
Jules Ntamwira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
African Great Lakes ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Current Shift

Changes in land-use have been observed in banana-based systems in the African Great Lakes region affected by Xanthomonas wilt disease (XW) of banana. Through participatory focus group discussions (FGDs) and the 4-cell method, changes in land-use were retrospectively assessed in 13 XW-affected landscapes/villages along a 230 km transect from Masisi (XW arrived in 2001) to Bukavu (XW arrived around 2014) in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo during 2015. The four-cell chart ranked land-use by mapping the area under production and the number of households involved in production. Farmers’ perceptions on the sustainability of new land-uses were also documented. Soil nutrient content and erosion levels were measured for five major land-use options/ trajectories on 147 fields across 55 farms in three landscapes along the transect. From being ranked the most important crop (92% of landscapes i.e. produced on large areas of land and by many households) before XW outbreaks, its importance had declined with most households in 36% of the landscapes growing it on smaller farms while in 64% of cases by few households on smaller pots. Farmers uprooted entire banana mats or fields, expanding land under other crops, mainly beans, taro, sweet potato, cassava, maize, coffee and eucalyptus. Species richness did not change at landscape level, though 21 crops were introduced at farm level. Land-use for banana is however still perceived to be more sustainable due to its multi-functional roles. Soils under banana plots were found in general to be better in their chemical attributes while high erosion levels (Mg ha-1 year-1) were observed under cassava (1.7-148.9) compared with banana (0.3-10.7) and trees (0.3-5.9). The current shift away from banana could thus have profound effects on supply of key services and sustainability of the production systems. This study offers a good basis/entry point for interventions in the XW-affected landscapes.

Characterization of soil quality: Physical and chemical criteria

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Arshad ◽  
G.M. Coen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe impact of soil degradation on human welfare and the global environment presents a major challenge. A significant decline in soil quality has occurred worldwide through adverse changes in its physical, chemical and biological attributes and contamination by inorganic and organic chemicals. There is a need to develop criteria to evaluate soil quality so that the progress of any corrective action required by the international community can be monitored.There currently are no generally accepted criteria to evaluate changes in soil quality. This lack impedes the design and evaluation of meaningful soil management programs. This paper examines the principal physical and chemical attributes that can serve as indicators of a change in soil quality under particular agroclimatic conditions. Proposed indicators include soil depth to a root restricting layer, available water-holding capacity, bulk density/penetration resistance, hydraulic conductivity, aggregate stability, organic matter, nutrient availability/retention capacity, pH, and where appropriate, electrical conductivity and exchangeable sodium. We also discuss the justification for selecting these key attributes, their measurement, critical limits for monitoring changes in soil productivity, and future research needs in soil quality.

scholarly journals Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks and Soil Quality in an Area Cultivated with Guinea Grass under the Residual Effect of Nitrogen Doses

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9381
Author(s):  
Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel ◽  
Gelson dos Santos Difante ◽  
Alexandre Romeiro de Araujo ◽  
Denise Baptaglin Montagner ◽  
Valeria Pacheco Batista Euclides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Total N ◽  
Guinea Grass ◽  
C And N ◽  
Chemical Attributes

This study examines the residual effect of nitrogen (N) doses on the carbon (C) and N stocks and on soil quality in an area cultivated with guinea grass. The pastures received three annual doses of N (100, 200 and 300 kg ha−1) from 2015 to 2017. In 2018, N fertilization was not applied so the residual effect of the nutrient could be characterized. Soil chemical attributes, C and N stocks, density and penetration resistance and root system characteristics were evaluated at different depths. No difference was observed between the N doses for soil density, which averaged 1.22 and 1.25 g cm−3 under and between the tussocks of guinea grass, respectively. Penetration resistance was affected by the N doses post-grazing, with the highest value (1.9 MPa) observed in pastures that received 300 kg ha−1 of N for three consecutive years. Root dry mass was not affected by the N doses. There was no effect of N doses on the average (19.7 mg ha−1) or total (134.3 mg ha−1) C stock in the soil. The total N stock did not change (11.3 mg ha−1) in response to the N doses; however, the average N stock was higher in the soil cultivated with guinea grass under the N dose of 300 kg ha−1 (1.7 mg ha−1). The N doses had little interference with the soil chemical and physical aspects. Regardless of the dose, high C and N stocks were observed in the soil cultivated with guinea grass. Therefore, when properly managed, intensive pasture-based animal production systems become important allies of the environment.

Fine-scale analysis of soil quality for various land uses and landforms in central Honduras

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Ericksen ◽  
K. McSweeney
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA key element of sustainable land management is maintenance of soil quality. We designed this study to compare the impact of land use and landform on soil quality attributes that vary at the plot level, or fine scale, using a framework that can be applied in many settings. The research site for this case study was a small catchment in the hillsides of central Honduras where farmers manage a variety of land uses. Fourteen biological, physical, and chemical attributes that affect the ability of a soil to perform key functions related to supporting plant growth were measured and scored. Samples from 20 sites represented different combinations of landform and land use. Quantitative analysis revealed that land use had a greater influence on soil quality than did landform. Soil organic carbon, texture, A horizon thickness, pH, structure, and bulk density accounted for the greatest differences among landform and land use units. Using weighted and additive combinations of the scored attributes to approximate soil quality functions, irrigated agriculture was judged to be the least sustainable land use, and coffee groves and forest patches were the most sustainable. The final soil quality values were sensitive to the weights and attributes chosen for a given function, and additional testing and evaluation were recommended.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document