scholarly journals Computational Modelling of Glucose Uptake in the Enterocyte

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Afshar ◽  
Soroush Safaei ◽  
David Nickerson ◽  
Peter J. Hunter ◽  
Vinod Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Composite Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Protein Models

We describe an implemented model of glucose absorption in the enterocyte, as previously published by Afshar et al. Afshar et al. (2019), The model used mechanistic descriptions of all the responsible transporters and was built in the CellML framework. It was validated against published experimental data and implemented in a modular structure which allows each individual transporter to be edited independently from the other transport protein models. The composite model was then used to study the role of the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) and the glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2), along with the requirement for the existence of the apical Glut2 transporter, especially in the presence of high luminal glucose loads, in order to enhance the absorption. Here we demonstrate the reproduction of the figures in the original paper by using the associated model.

scholarly journals Computational Modelling of Glucose Uptake in the Enterocyte

Physiome ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Afshar ◽  
Soroush Safaei ◽  
David Nickerson ◽  
Peter J. Hunter ◽  
Vinod Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Composite Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Protein Models

We describe an implemented model of glucose absorption in the enterocyte, as previously published by Afshar et al. (2019), The model used mechanistic descriptions of all the responsible transporters and was built in the CellML framework. It was validated against published experimental data and implemented in a modular structure which allows each individual transporter to be edited independently from the other transport protein models. The composite model was then used to study the role of the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) and the glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2), along with the requirement for the existence of the apical Glut2 transporter, especially in the presence of high luminal glucose loads, in order to enhance the absorption. Here we demonstrate the reproduction of the figures in the original paper by using the associated model. EDITOR'S NOTE (v3): Instructions within the manuscript changed, in order to properly execute the model files. Spelling of author's name corrected in filenames. (v4): Abstract fixes.

scholarly journals Computational Modelling of Glucose Uptake in the Enterocyte

Physiome ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Afshar ◽  
Soroush Safaei ◽  
David Nickerson ◽  
Peter J. Hunter ◽  
Vinod Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Composite Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Protein Models

We describe an implemented model of glucose absorption in the enterocyte, as previously published by Afshar et al. Afshar et al. (2019), The model used mechanistic descriptions of all the responsible transporters and was built in the CellML framework. It was validated against published experimental data and implemented in a modular structure which allows each individual transporter to be edited independently from the other transport protein models. The composite model was then used to study the role of the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) and the glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2), along with the requirement for the existence of the apical Glut2 transporter, especially in the presence of high luminal glucose loads, in order to enhance the absorption. Here we demonstrate the reproduction of the figures in the original paper by using the associated model. EDITOR'S NOTE (v2): Instructions within the manuscript changed, in order to properly execute the model files. Spelling of author's name corrected in filenames.

scholarly journals Computational Modelling of Glucose Uptake in the Enterocyte

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Afshar ◽  
Soroush Safaei ◽  
David Nickerson ◽  
Peter J. Hunter ◽  
Vinod Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Composite Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Protein Models

We describe an implemented model of glucose absorption in the enterocyte, as previously published by Afshar et al. Afshar et al. (2019), The model used mechanistic descriptions of all the responsible transporters and was built in the CellML framework. It was validated against published experimental data and implemented in a modular structure which allows each individual transporter to be edited independently from the other transport protein models. The composite model was then used to study the role of the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) and the glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2), along with the requirement for the existence of the apical Glut2 transporter, especially in the presence of high luminal glucose loads, in order to enhance the absorption. Here we demonstrate the reproduction of the figures in the original paper by using the associated model.

scholarly journals Computational Modelling of Glucose Uptake in the Enterocyte

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Afshar ◽  
Soroush Safaei ◽  
David Nickerson ◽  
Peter J. Hunter ◽  
Vinod Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Composite Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Protein Models

We describe an implemented model of glucose absorption in the enterocyte, as previously published by Afshar et al. Afshar et al. (2019), The model used mechanistic descriptions of all the responsible transporters and was built in the CellML framework. It was validated against published experimental data and implemented in a modular structure which allows each individual transporter to be edited independently from the other transport protein models. The composite model was then used to study the role of the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) and the glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2), along with the requirement for the existence of the apical Glut2 transporter, especially in the presence of high luminal glucose loads, in order to enhance the absorption. Here we demonstrate the reproduction of the figures in the original paper by using the associated model.

scholarly journals A Selective Role of Dietary Anthocyanins and Flavan-3-ols in Reducing the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of Recent Evidence

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britt Burton-Freeman ◽  
Michał Brzeziński ◽  
Eunyoung Park ◽  
Amandeep Sandhu ◽  
Di Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Fiber Plant

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common form of DM and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. Because it is a progressive disease, prevention, early detection and disease course modification are possible. Diet plays a critical role in reducing T2DM risk. Therapeutic dietary approaches routinely recommend diets high in plant foods (i.e., vegetables, fruits, whole-grains). In addition to essential micronutrients and fiber, plant-based diets contain a wide-variety of polyphenols, specifically flavonoid compounds. Evidence suggests that flavonoids may confer specific benefits for T2DM risk reduction through pathways influencing glucose absorption and insulin sensitivity and/or secretion. The present review assesses the relationship between dietary flavonoids and diabetes risk reduction reviewing current epidemiology and clinical research. Collectively, the research indicates that certain flavonoids, explicitly anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols and foods rich in these compounds, may have an important role in dietary algorithms aimed to address diabetes risk factors and the development of T2DM.

scholarly journals Role of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT 2) Inhibitors in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad A. Abdul-Ghani ◽  
Luke Norton ◽  
Ralph A. DeFronzo
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Tight Glycemic Control ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Oral Antidiabetic Agents ◽  
Oral Antidiabetic ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter

Hyperglycemia plays an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, i.e., glucotoxicity, and it also is the major risk factor for microvascular complications. Thus, effective glycemic control will not only reduce the incidence of microvascular complications but also correct some of the metabolic abnormalities that contribute to the progression of the disease. Achieving durable tight glycemic control is challenging because of progressive β-cell failure and is hampered by increased frequency of side effects, e.g., hypoglycemia and weight gain. Most recently, inhibitors of the renal sodium-glucose cotransporter have been developed to produce glucosuria and reduce the plasma glucose concentration. These oral antidiabetic agents have the potential to improve glycemic control while avoiding hypoglycemia, to correct the glucotoxicity, and to promote weight loss. In this review, we will summarize the available data concerning the mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety of this novel antidiabetic therapeutic approach.

scholarly journals The role of glucocorticoid in the regulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis in non-pregnant bovine endometrium

2007 ◽  
Vol 193 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwa-Yong Lee ◽  
Tomas J Acosta ◽  
Michiyo Tanikawa ◽  
Ryosuke Sakumoto ◽  
Junichi Komiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Endometrial Tissue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Factor Α

To determine whether glucocorticoids (GCs) play a role in regulating uterine function in cow, the present study examined the expression of mRNA encoding GC receptor (GC-R) α, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11-HSD) type 1 and type 2, and the activity of 11-HSD1 in bovine endometrial tissue throughout the estrous cycle. We also studied the effects of cortisol on basal, oxytocin (OT)- and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-stimulated prostaglandin (PG) production. A quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that GC-Rα mRNA was expressed more strongly in the mid-luteal stage (days 8–12) than in the other stages. In contrast to GC-Rα mRNA expression, 11-HSD1 mRNA expression was greater in the follicular stage than in the other stages, whereas 11-HSD2 mRNA expression was lowest in the follicular stage. The activity of 11-HSD1 was greater in the follicular stage and estrus than in the other stages and was lowest in the mid-luteal stage. Cortisone was dose-dependently converted to cortisol in the cultured endometrial tissue. Although cortisol did not affect either the basal or OT-stimulated production of PGs in the cultured epithelial cells, the production of PGs stimulated by TNFα in the stromal cells was suppressed by cortisol (P < 0.05). Cortisol suppressed basal prostaglandin (PG)F2α without affecting basal PGE2 production in the stromal cells. The overall results suggest that the level of cortisol is locally regulated in bovine endometrium throughout the estrous cycle by 11-HSD1, and that cortisol could act as a luteoprotective factor by selectively suppressing luteolytic PGF2α production in bovine endometrium.

scholarly journals The Role of Combined SGLT1/SGLT2 Inhibition in Reducing the Incidence of Stroke and Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertram Pitt ◽  
Gabriel Steg ◽  
Lawrence A. Leiter ◽  
Deepak L. Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibition

Abstract Purpose In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), both sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have demonstrated significant improvements in cardiovascular and kidney outcomes independent of their glycemic benefits. This paper will briefly compare the effect of SGLT2is and GLP-1 RAs to that of the SGLT1/2 inhibitor sotagliflozin on the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in patients with T2DM and further postulate mechanisms to account for these findings. Methods and Results Thus far, the results from SCORED and SOLOIST (trials studying the SGLT1/2 inhibitor sotagliflozin) suggest that an increase in SGLT1 inhibition when added to SGLT2 inhibition may contribute to reductions in MI and stroke in patients with T2DM. This benefit is beyond what SGLT2is alone can accomplish and at least similar to GLP-1 RAs but with the added benefit of a reduction in hospitalizations and urgent visits for HF. Larger and longer studies are required to confirm the effectiveness of SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibition in reducing MI and stroke in patients with T2DM and elucidate the mechanisms associated with this finding. Conclusions The role of SGLT1/2 inhibition as an addition to GLP-1 RAs in patients with and without T2DM at increased risk for MI and stroke requires further study. Regardless, the finding that a relative increase in SGLT1/2 inhibition reduces the risk of MI and stroke as well as hospitalizations and urgent visits for heart failure could improve quality of life and reduce the healthcare burden associated with T2DM.

Protection against developing type 2 diabetes by coffee consumption: assessment of the role of chlorogenic acid and metabolites on glycaemic responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 4826-4833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Chlorogenic Acids ◽  
Carbohydrate Digestion

Coffee chlorogenic acids do not affect carbohydrate digestion directly, but modulate glucose absorption/utilisation, the latter through endogenous/gut microbiota metabolites.

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