scholarly journals Design of global positioning system (GPS) networks using different artificial intelligence techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doaa. S. Odam ◽  
◽  
Mohamed. I. Doma ◽  
Hossam. I. Fawzy ◽  
Ahmed A. Sedeek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Optimization ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Gps Network ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Reasonable Cost ◽  
Criterion Matrix ◽  
Gps Networks ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

The selection of optimal GPS baselines can be realized by solving the geodetic second-order design (SOD) problem. Basically, there are two techniques to be used for selecting optimal baselines in GPS network, namely traditional techniques and artificial techniques. Traditional techniques include the method of trial and error and the analytical method, while artificial methods include both local and global optimization techniques. The global optimization techniques, such as Genetic Algorithms (GAs), Simulated Annealing (SA) method, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm, and Butterfly Optimization Algorithm (BOA) have been used recently in geodesy. In the current study, (BOA) has been used for the selection of the optimal GPS baselines to be measured in the field that will meet the postulated criterion matrix, at a reasonable cost. Ithas been tasted on a GPS network. The BOA is already designed and it determined the number of baselines that would be observed due to obtaining high accuracy. The results showed that the BOA method was more efficient than the traditional ones by 19.2%. It was better than the artificial methods in terms of length. Asit enhanced (SA) method by 21.7% and (PSO) method by 4.6% . Consequently, the use of the BOA is proven to be more effective and applicable.

scholarly journals Optimal observational planning of local GPS networks: assessing an analytical method

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Mehrabi ◽  
B. Voosoghi
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Operational Research ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Programming Algorithm ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Gps Networks ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractPrecision, reliability and cost are the major criteria applied in optimization and design of geodetic networks. The terrestrial networks are being replaced quickly by permanent and campaign Global Positioning System (GPS) networks. These networks must be optimized using the same three criteria. In this article the optimization of the observational plan of local GPS networks (Second Order Design (SOD)) is considered using the precision criterion. This study is limited to the selection of optimal numbers and the best distribution of the non-trivial baselines throughout the network. This objective is accomplished based on the SOD solution through the analytical method in operational research by the means of quadratic programming algorithm. This presented method is tested on a real GPS network and appears to be a useful technique in terms of cost reduction in the field work by the provided observational plan and optimal distribution of the baselines throughout the network. Results indicate that weights of almost 36% of the baselines are negligiblewhen compared to the weights of the rest of the baselines; therefore, they could be eliminated fromthe observational plan, resulting in a 36% saving in the fieldwork cost.

A Novel Bi-Group Particle Swarm Optimizer for Speaker Identification

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 1298-1301
Author(s):  
Li Ping Xue ◽  
Ying Long Yao ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Ping Cai
Keyword(s):  
Speaker Identification ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Particle Swarm Optimizer ◽  
Lbg Algorithm ◽  
Traditional Training ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

The traditional training meshods of speaker codebook for speaker identification based on vector quantization are sensitive to the initial codebook parameters, and they often lead to a sub-optimal codebook in practice. To resolve this problem, this paper proposes a novel bi-group particle swarm optimizer (BPSO). It applies two sub-group particles with different particle update parameters simultaneously to explore the best speaker codebook, and the particles perform basic operations of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and conventional LBG algorithm in sequence, which can explore the solution space separately and search the local part in detail together. Information is exchanged when sub-groups are periodically shuffled and reorganized. Experimental results have demonstrated that the performance of BPSO is much better than that of LBG, fuzzy C-means (FCM), fast evolutionary programming (FEP), PSO, the impoved PSO algorithm consistently with higher correct identification rates and convergence rate. The dependence of the final codebook on the selection of the initial codebook is also reduced effectively.

Implementasi Voip Server Berbasis IPV6 Dengan Raspberry PI

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Rabbai San Arif ◽  
Yuli Fitrisia ◽  
Agus Urip Ari Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Internet Protocol ◽  
Wireless Transmission ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Ipv6 Network ◽  
Ip Network ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a telecommunications technology that is able to pass the communication service in Internet Protocol networks so as to allow communicating between users in an IP network. However VoIP technology still has weakness in the Quality of Service (QoS). VOPI weaknesses is affected by the selection of the physical servers used. In this research, VoIP is configured on Linux operating system with Asterisk as VoIP application server and integrated on a Raspberry Pi by using wired and wireless network as the transmission medium. Because of depletion of IPv4 capacity that can be used on the network, it needs to be applied to VoIP system using the IPv6 network protocol with supports devices. The test results by using a wired transmission medium that has obtained are the average delay is 117.851 ms, jitter is 5.796 ms, packet loss is 0.38%, throughput is 962.861 kbps, 8.33% of CPU usage and 59.33% of memory usage. The analysis shows that the wired transmission media is better than the wireless transmission media and wireless-wired.

Effect of Contact Ratio on Spur Gear Dynamic Load With No Tooth Profile Modifications

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuen-Huei Liou ◽  
Hsiang Hsi Lin ◽  
F. B. Oswald ◽  
D. P. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Load ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Gear Dynamics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gear Contact ◽  
Center Distance ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

This paper presents a computer simulation showing how the gear contact ratio affects the dynamic load on a spur gear transmission. The contact ratio can be affected by the tooth addendum, the pressure angle, the tooth size (diametral pitch), and the center distance. The analysis presented in this paper was performed by using the NASA gear dynamics code DANST. In the analysis, the contact ratio was varied over the range 1.20 to 2.40 by changing the length of the tooth addendum. In order to simplify the analysis, other parameters related to contact ratio were held constant. The contact ratio was found to have a significant influence on gear dynamics. Over a wide range of operating speeds, a contact ratio close to 2.0 minimized dynamic load. For low-contact-ratio gears (contact ratio less than two), increasing the contact ratio reduced gear dynamic load. For high-contact-ratio gears (contact ratio equal to or greater than 2.0), the selection of contact ratio should take into consideration the intended operating speeds. In general, high-contact-ratio gears minimized dynamic load better than low-contact-ratio gears.

scholarly journals Solving the Real Power Limitations in the Dynamic Economic Dispatch of Large-Scale Thermal Power Units under the Effects of Valve-Point Loading and Ramp-Rate Limitations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1274
Author(s):  
Loau Al-Bahrani ◽  
Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian ◽  
Ben Horan ◽  
Alex Stojcevski
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Economic Dispatch ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Ramp Rate ◽  
Dynamic Economic Dispatch

Few non-traditional optimization techniques are applied to the dynamic economic dispatch (DED) of large-scale thermal power units (TPUs), e.g., 1000 TPUs, that consider the effects of valve-point loading with ramp-rate limitations. This is a complicated multiple mode problem. In this investigation, a novel optimization technique, namely, a multi-gradient particle swarm optimization (MG-PSO) algorithm with two stages for exploring and exploiting the search space area, is employed as an optimization tool. The M particles (explorers) in the first stage are used to explore new neighborhoods, whereas the M particles (exploiters) in the second stage are used to exploit the best neighborhood. The M particles’ negative gradient variation in both stages causes the equilibrium between the global and local search space capabilities. This algorithm’s authentication is demonstrated on five medium-scale to very large-scale power systems. The MG-PSO algorithm effectively reduces the difficulty of handling the large-scale DED problem, and simulation results confirm this algorithm’s suitability for such a complicated multi-objective problem at varying fitness performance measures and consistency. This algorithm is also applied to estimate the required generation in 24 h to meet load demand changes. This investigation provides useful technical references for economic dispatch operators to update their power system programs in order to achieve economic benefits.

scholarly journals Insights in Behavior of Variably Formulated Alginate-Based Microcapsules for Cell Transplantation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Montanucci ◽  
Silvia Terenzi ◽  
Claudio Santi ◽  
Ilaria Pennoni ◽  
Vittorio Bini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Alginate-based microencapsulation of live cells may offer the opportunity to treat chronic and degenerative disorders. So far, a thorough assessment of physical-chemical behavior of alginate-based microbeads remains cloudy. A disputed issue is which divalent cation to choose for a high performing alginate gelling process. Having selected, in our system, high mannuronic (M) enriched alginates, we studied different gelling cations and their combinations to determine their eventual influence on physical-chemical properties of the final microcapsules preparation,in vitroandin vivo. We have shown that used of ultrapure alginate allows for high biocompatibility of the formed microcapsules, regardless of gelation agents, while use of different gelling cations is associated with corresponding variable effects on the capsules’ basic architecture, as originally reported in this work. However, only the final application which the capsules are destined to will ultimately guide the selection of the ideal, specific gelling divalent cations, since in principle there are no capsules that are better than others.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of cartographic presentation methods applied within small-scale thematic maps in the press and on the Internet

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Jolanta Korycka-Skorupa
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Thematic Maps ◽  
The Press ◽  
Presentation Methods ◽  
Written Word ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Abstract The author discuss effectiveness of cartographic presentations. The article includes opinions of cartographers regarding effectiveness, readability and efficiency of a map. It reminds the principles of map graphic design in order to verify them using examples of small-scale thematic maps. The following questions have been asked: Is the map effective? Why is the map effective? How do cartographic presentation methods affect effectiveness of the cartographic message? What else can influence effectiveness of a map? Each graphic presentation should be effective, as its purpose is to complete written word, draw the recipients’ attention, make text more readable, expose the most important information. Such a significant role of graphics results in the fact that graphic presentations (maps, diagrams) require proper preparation. Users need to have a chance to understand the graphics language in order to draw correct conclusions about the presented phenomenon. Graphics should demonstrate the most important elements, some tendencies, and directions of changes. It should generalize and present a given subject from a slightly different perspective. There are numerous examples of well-edited and poorly edited small-scale thematic maps. They include maps, which are impossible to interpret correctly. They are burdened with methodological defects and they cannot fulfill their task. Cartography practice indicates that the principles related to graphic design of cartographic presentation are frequently omitted during the process of developing small-scale thematic maps used – among others – in the press and on the Internet. The purpose of such presentations is to quickly interpret them. On such maps editors’ problems with the selection of an appropriate symbol and graphic variable (fig. 1A, 9B) are visible. Sometimes they use symbols which are not sufficiently distinguishable nor demonstrative (fig. 11), it does not increase their readability. Sometime authors try too hard to reflect presented phenomenon and therefore the map becomes more difficult to interpret (fig. 4A,B). The lack of graphic sense resulting in the lack of graphic balance and aesthetics constitutes a weak point of numerous cartographic presentations (fig. 13). Effectiveness of cartographic presentations consists of knowledge and skills of the map editor, as well as the recipients’ perception capabilities and their readiness to read and interpret maps. The qualifications of the map editor should include methodological qualifications supported by the knowledge of the principles for cartographic symbol design, as well as relevant technical qualifications, which allow to properly use the tools to edit a map. Maps facilitate the understanding of texts they accompany and they present relationships between phenomenon better than texts, appealing to the senses.

Research on Material Selection with Multi-Attribute Decision Method and G1 Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 952 ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Jun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Selection Problem ◽  
Topsis Method ◽  
Attribute Weight ◽  
Multi Attribute Decision Making ◽  
Judgment Matrix ◽  
Optimal Material ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

The selection of an optimal material is an important aspect of design for mechanical, electrical, thermal, chemical or other application. Many factors (attributes) need to be considered in material selection process, and thus material selection problem is a multi-attribute decision making (MADM) problem. This paper proposes a new MADM method for material selection problem. G1 method does not need to test consistency of the judgment matrix. Thus it is better than AHP. In this paper, firstly, we use the G1 method to determine the attribute weight. Then TOPSIS method is used to calculate the closeness of the candidate materials with respect positive solution. A practical material selection case is used to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Locating Objects in the Plane Using Global Optimization Techniques

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 837-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Blanquero ◽  
Emilio Carrizosa ◽  
Pierre Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Global Optimization ◽  
Optimization Techniques

Improved Particle Swarm Optimizer with Dynamically Adjusted Search Space and Velocity Limits for Global Optimization

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (05) ◽  
pp. 1550017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aderemi Oluyinka Adewumi ◽  
Akugbe Martins Arasomwan
Keyword(s):  
Global Optimization ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Particle Swarm Optimizer ◽  
Search Range ◽  
Original Algorithm ◽  
Inertia Weight ◽  
And Performance

This paper presents an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique for global optimization. Many variants of the technique have been proposed in literature. However, two major things characterize many of these variants namely, static search space and velocity limits, which bound their flexibilities in obtaining optimal solutions for many optimization problems. Furthermore, the problem of premature convergence persists in many variants despite the introduction of additional parameters such as inertia weight and extra computation ability. This paper proposes an improved PSO algorithm without inertia weight. The proposed algorithm dynamically adjusts the search space and velocity limits for the swarm in each iteration by picking the highest and lowest values among all the dimensions of the particles, calculates their absolute values and then uses the higher of the two values to define a new search range and velocity limits for next iteration. The efficiency and performance of the proposed algorithm was shown using popular benchmark global optimization problems with low and high dimensions. Results obtained demonstrate better convergence speed and precision, stability, robustness with better global search ability when compared with six recent variants of the original algorithm.

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