SUBJECT AND METHOD OF ARCHEOLOGY: F. V. KIPARISOV'S NOTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
MIHAIL KISELEV
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Archival Source ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article provides information on the report of F. V. Kiparisov, kept in the Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences, "The Subject and Method of Archeology" and discussions on the report at the meeting of the Institute of History of the Communist Academy, dated November 29, 1931. The aim of the work was to introduce an unpublished archival source into scientific circulation on the history of archeology. As a result of studying the document, some conclusions can be drawn: the main advantage of the scientific work of F. V. Kiparisov, in our opinion, is an attempt to determine the place of archeology in historical science as an auxiliary scientific discipline. The scientist assigned a special place to material sources in the study of thehistorical development of society. At the same time, the report did not touch upon the questions of the methods of archeology, stated in the title of the speech. As for the relationship of archeology with the history of material culture, the differences between them were not convincing enough by the speaker. During the discussion on the report, scientists of the Institute of History criticized the position of the speaker both on issues of archeology and on the history of material cultures. The information provided will expand the source base on the history of archeology and can be used for research and educational purposes.

Essays on the history of Russian journalism in the first third of the XIX century

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Literature ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Conceptual Foundations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Printed Sources

In collective scientific work the causes and dynamics of complex and contradictory processes of formation of Russian journalism in the first third of the XIX century are analyzed and the relationship of Russian journalism and literature of this period is studied on the basis of the analysis of publicistic texts of writers in periodicals and rare printed sources. The team of authors also sought to theoretically comprehend and practically study journalism as a special field of literature, to develop new conceptual foundations for analyzing the complex and multi-level interaction of journalism and other types and genres of Russian literature.

History

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Trifonova ◽  
Elena Suprunova ◽  
Svetlana Pay ◽  
Aleksandr Salionov
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The textbook reflects the most important stages of the history of the world community and Russia from ancient times to the present day. The authors trace the course of bright and at the same time dramatic events in world and national history over the centuries. The authors ' distinctive feature is their attempt to show the relationship of social processes that took place in Russia at different times, in the context and in the outline of world history. The main feature of this manual is a systematic view of the historical processes that took place in Russia and in the world. The textbook, taking into account the achievements of modern historical science, contains a set of modern methodological developments that contribute to the better assimilation of the course "History". Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of secondary professional education of the latest generation. Recommended for students of secondary vocational education institutions studying history.

scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON THE BACKGROUND OF THE PROGRESS IN COMPUTER SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Maksym Staskiv
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
English Language ◽  
Personal Rights ◽  
University Of Munich ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Sphere Of Influence ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The review examines the content and main problems of the English-language monograph of the German scientist and philosopher, President of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts, founder of the Munich Center for Social Technologies (MCTS), Honorary Professor of the Technical University of Munich, Professor of Mathematics and Natural Sciences at the Univercity of Tübingen Klaus Mainzer. The author covers a range of issues related to the history of the formation and development of artificial intelligence, the reasons for society’s unwillingness to integrate machines into society, the relationship of artificial intelligence with human values, ethics and security, and what awaits humanity in the future. One of the key issues in the book is the relationship between artificial intelligence and the ethics of responsibility, as well as ensuring personal rights and freedoms while actively expanding the sphere of influence of artificial intelligence.

scholarly journals Disassembling archeology, reassembling the modern world

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Carruthers ◽  
Stéphane Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Scientific Ethics ◽  
Circulation Of Knowledge ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article provides a substantive discussion of the relevance of the history of archeology to the history of science. At the same time, the article introduces the papers contained in this special issue as exemplars of this relevance. To make its case, the article moves through various themes in the history of archeology that overlap with key issues in the history of science. The article discusses the role and tension of regimes of science in antiquarian and archeological practices, and also considers issues of scale and place, particularly in relation to the field. Additionally, the piece attends to issues of professionalization and the constitution of an archeological public, at the same time as discussing issues of empire, colonialism, and the circulation of knowledge. Meanwhile, enriching discussions within and beyond the history of science, the article discusses the history of archeology and its relationship with museums, collecting, and material culture and materiality. Finally, the piece discusses the relationship of the history of archeology with wider discussions about scientific ethics. In conclusion, the article questions whether we should speak of ‘the history of archeology’ at all.

Looking at the sky: the visual context of Victorian meteorology

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHARINE ANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Visual Context ◽  
Visual Methods ◽  
Scientific Images ◽  
Cloud Classification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article investigates visual methods in Victorian meteorology in the second half of the nineteenth century. While studies of visual representations in scientific work during this period have proliferated, there has been less attention paid to the relationships between scientific images and the broader visual culture in which they developed. Meteorology offers ideal ground for exploring visual culture and science, both because of the familiarity of the sky as an aesthetic subject, and because of the visual epistemology associated with popular forms of weather knowledge, called weather wisdom. Using examples from the study of clouds, especially the work of Charles Piazzi Smyth, the paper analyses the ways in which the challenges of meteorology raised questions about the nature of observation and precision. It concludes by suggesting that the broader context of Victorian visual culture must include the relationship of language and images, and traces those concerns in the history of cloud classification.

scholarly journals The re-collection of the Ryerson fashion research collection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Masak Mida
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Collection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Christian Dior once said, “We invent nothing, we always start from something that has come before” (qtd. in Pochna 80). Historic garments can inform and inspire the present, offering up design potential for reinterpretations of styles of the past or serving as evidence of how fashion was worn and lived for material culture studies. Seeing a dress in a photo is a very different experience than feeling the weight of the fabric in hand, examining the details of cut, construction and embellishment, considering the relationship of the garment to the body or searching for evidence of how the garment was worn, used or altered over time. The Ryerson Fashion Research Collection is a repository of several thousand items acquired by donation since 1981, many of which are dresses and evening gowns dating from 1860 to 2000. For several years, this collection lay dormant behind an unmarked door and was largely unknown by the student body. This project was initiated to understand the nature of the artifacts contained therein and is a first step in the process of refocusing and rebuilding the Collection for the future. The title “Re-collection of the Ryerson Fashion Research Collection” encapsulates the organizing principle for this practice-led interdisciplinary project, encompassing the intersection of material culture, curatorial process and collective memory in the identification of one hundred key items from the archive that reflect the breadth and history of the Collection itself.

scholarly journals The re-collection of the Ryerson fashion research collection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Masak Mida
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Collection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Christian Dior once said, “We invent nothing, we always start from something that has come before” (qtd. in Pochna 80). Historic garments can inform and inspire the present, offering up design potential for reinterpretations of styles of the past or serving as evidence of how fashion was worn and lived for material culture studies. Seeing a dress in a photo is a very different experience than feeling the weight of the fabric in hand, examining the details of cut, construction and embellishment, considering the relationship of the garment to the body or searching for evidence of how the garment was worn, used or altered over time. The Ryerson Fashion Research Collection is a repository of several thousand items acquired by donation since 1981, many of which are dresses and evening gowns dating from 1860 to 2000. For several years, this collection lay dormant behind an unmarked door and was largely unknown by the student body. This project was initiated to understand the nature of the artifacts contained therein and is a first step in the process of refocusing and rebuilding the Collection for the future. The title “Re-collection of the Ryerson Fashion Research Collection” encapsulates the organizing principle for this practice-led interdisciplinary project, encompassing the intersection of material culture, curatorial process and collective memory in the identification of one hundred key items from the archive that reflect the breadth and history of the Collection itself.

scholarly journals Autobiography of the Introducer of the ‘Primitive Communism’ Theory, ‘Red’ Professor Mikhail P. Zhakov in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1933)

2019 ◽  
pp. 545-557
Author(s):  
Olga V. Metel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
The State ◽  
Soviet Science ◽  
Scientific Biography ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Primitive Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
Single Sheet ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The author publishes an annotated autobiography of the Soviet historian M. P. Zhakov (1893 – 1936). He belonged to the so-called ‘red’ professors, graduates of the Institute of the Red Professors, who in the first half of 1930s held leading positions in the Soviet science. He studied the history of the primitive society. He worked at the Institute of History of the Communist Academy and in the Moscow branch of the State Academy of the History of Material Culture. M. P. Zhakov's contribution to studying the primitive society was modest. In fact, he adhered to the concept of primitive communism, which was later harshly criticized in the Soviet science. In 1936 he was arrested as a Trotskyist and sentenced to death. The author contends that the scientific biography of M. P. Zhakov exemplifies the character of Marxist historians of 1920s-1930s and the vicissitudes of the emergence of Soviet research tradition. The article introduces M. P. Zhakov’s autobiography, which he wrote in November 1933 for the personnel department of the Moscow branch of the State Academy of the History of Material Culture. By its nature, the autobiography is a record keeping document, a matter of form. Its seems to have been meant as an apology. M. P. Zhakov underscored his revolutionary past and merits during the Civil War, while his scientific work was described almost drily. M. P. Zhakov’s autobiography of is a typewritten text printed on the both sides of a single sheet. On the first page there are two illegible corrections. While preparing the document for publication, the author have brought it into compliance with modern rules of spelling and punctuation, expanded all abbreviations (except conventional ones) in square brackets, and made all necessary annotations in order to explain the circumstances of M. P. Zhakov’s scientific career.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Meat without Animals: Outcast Objects and the Improvement of London

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Geier
Keyword(s):  
Animal Rights ◽  
Legal Reform ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Covers the long history of the Smithfield animal market and legal reform in London. Shows the relationship of civic improvement tropes, including animal rights, to animal erasure in the form of new foodstuffs from distant meat production sites. The reduction of lives to commodities also informed public abasement of the butchers.

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