scholarly journals PUBLIC DIPLOMACY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA IN AFGHANISTAN

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-129
Author(s):  
Monika KORNACKA
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
September 11Th ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Hearts And Minds ◽  
The U.S

The United States failed to prevent the terrorist attacks of September 11th despite its superpower status and great potential. The severe response to the attacks - interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq - did not provide a sense of security to the Americans. Moreover, these actions resulted in the loss of popularity and credibility of the United States throughout the world, especially within Muslim populations. This article provides background on the U.S. public diplomacy efforts in Afghanistan, presents a brief overview of tools used to win “hearts and minds” of Afghans as well as recommendations and conclusions concerning the conduct of public diplomacy in Afghanistan beyond 2014.

16. The United States in the Middle East

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Past Century ◽  
New Developments ◽  
The World ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
The U.S

This chapter examines the roots of U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East. It begins with an overview of the origins and development of the United States’s involvement in the region over the past century, focusing on the traditional American interests. It then considers the structure of Middle Eastern policymaking and its domestic political context, as well as Washington’s response to new regional tensions and upheavals since the late 1970s. It also discusses new developments in the region, including the rise of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Al-Qaeda and the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the U.S.-led interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq, and the Palestinian–Israeli impasse. The evolution of U.S. policy since 2000 in the administrations of George W. Bush and Barack Obama is explored as well. The chapter concludes with an analysis of an ‘Obama doctrine’ and ‘American decline’ in the Middle East and the world.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and the U.S.-China competition: the case of Italy

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
D. Cristiani
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
China Policy ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
The U.S

After originating in China, the COVID-19 pandemic spread across the world. Italy was the next country severely hit by the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, before the rest of Europe and the world. As Italy struggled to cope with this mounting crisis, China seized the momentum through an aggressive mix of public diplomacy, aid support and disinformation activities. By helping Italy, China pursued three goals: transforming its weaknesses in strengths by shifting the narrative over its handling of the COVID-19 crisis; promoting its management of the situation as the proof of the strength of its governance model; showing to the Italians, the Europeans and the world how Italy was benefitting from being a member of the Belt and Road Initiative. China’s activism in Italy prompted reaction from the United States, and the COVID-19 strained relations between the two superpowers even further. While the idea that a new Cold War is brewing might be far-fetched, the relations between the two are now less and less cooperative. This increasing competition will also impact Italy’s diplomatic freedom of action vis-à-vis China – a trend that is not set to change as the new J.Biden administration takes over in the United States, as his approach to China is likely to be less erratic and more consistent, but hardly softer than Trump’s China policy.

Introduction

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
John S.C. Afele
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Labour Party ◽  
The United States ◽  
September 11 ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Tony Blair ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The World ◽  
Policies And Programs

Issues about global security have become preeminent in the hallowed corridors of global diplomacy, especially following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the mainland of the United States of America. The events of September 11, 2001, stand alone in their nature and causes, but they have also aroused a renewed sense of urgency in the implementation of policy decisions and deployment of technological responses to issues and regions of insecurities around the world. World leaders, writers, experts, and groups have pointed to the need for a comprehensive understanding of the anger that some societies harbour against other segments of the global community and leadership, and for the implementation of policies and programs to eliminate poverty, injustice, and discontent around the world. The expected outcome of the global coalition to defeat terror was echoed by the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Tony Blair, in his Churchillian speech to his governing Labour Party:

Data measurement and the change in persistence of tourist arrivals to the United States in the aftermath of the September 11th terrorist attacks

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E Payne ◽  
Luis A Gil-Alana
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fractional Integration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
September 11Th ◽  
Data Measurement ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
The World ◽  
Integration Techniques

This research note examines the change in data measurement for international tourist arrivals to the United States due to the requirement that all tourists must complete the INS I-94 entry form and its impact on tourist arrivals in the aftermath of the September 2001 terrorist attacks. Using fractional integration techniques, we find that the majority of tourist arrivals from various regions around the world are mean reverting, but the degree of persistence increased in the post-September 2001 period.

scholarly journals The Archaeologist In-Between: Olov Janse, 1892–1985

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Källén ◽  
Johan Hegardt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Department Of State ◽  
The World ◽  
The U.S

Olov Janse was an archaeologist with a remarkable life. From his birth in Sweden 1892 to his death in the United States 1985, he travelled several times across the world and was present in some of the most important episodes of 20th century world history. His works and networks connected museums and political institutions in Sweden, France, Vietnam and the United States: from the Swedish History Museum, the Museum of Far Easter Antiquities, the French Musée d’antiquites nationales, the Cernuchi museum, and the French research institute EFEO in Hanoi, to UNESCO, the Harvard Peabody Museum, the Smithsonian Institution, and the U.S. Department of State. He left behind artefacts and documents in museum collections and archives across the world. But his name is largely unknown, and his most important contributions – the connection of people and ideas between continents and contexts – have remained invisible in historical accounts of all these institutions. He was, in every sense, an archaeologist in-between. This book follows in the footsteps of Olov Janse and his wife Renée, as they move between continents and contexts, connecting key actors and institutions in social and professional networks across the world. It tells the formidable story of an archaeologist navigating through world politics, from a late 19th century industrial town in Sweden, to early 20th century Parisian museums, to French Indochina and the Philippines in the 1930s, to the formation of UNESCO in 1946, and ending with public diplomacy for the U.S. Department of State at the verge of the Vietnam War.

Terrorism. Industry prevention and the Chemical Weapons Convention

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 2277-2280
Author(s):  
Marybeth Kelliher
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Terrorism ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
September 11Th ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
International Council ◽  
Chemical Weapons Convention ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
The U.S

The 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks introduced the United States to domestic and complex terrorism. According to terrorism experts, public and private sector targets are indistinguishable to the perpetrators of this evolved form of terrorism. The global chemical industry’s counteroffensive against international terrorism depends in part on implementation of the Chemicals Weapons Convention (CWC), long supported by the American Chemistry Council (ACC) and its sister associations in the International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA). This paper describes the U.S. chemical industry’s response to September 11th and how adherence to the letter and spirit of the CWC helps prevent terrorism.

THE INFLUENCE OF SCOTTISH ACCOUNTANTS IN THE UNITED STATES: THE EARLY CASE OF THE SOCIETY OF ACCOUNTANTS IN EDINBURGH

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. LEE
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Research Program ◽  
The United States ◽  
The World ◽  
Early Case ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chartered Accountants ◽  
The U.S

This study represents part of a long-term research program to investigate the influence of U.K. accountants on the development of professional accountancy in other parts of the world. It examines the impact of a small group of Scottish chartered accountants who emigrated to the U.S. in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Set against a general theory of emigration, the study's main results reveal the significant involvement of this group in the founding and development of U.S. accountancy. The influence is predominantly with respect to public accountancy and its main institutional organizations. Several of the individuals achieved considerable eminence in U.S. public accountancy.

Refuge in the National Security State

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Cristina García
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Security ◽  
Homeland Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Department Of Homeland Security ◽  
The World ◽  
National Security State

In response to the terrorist attacks of 1993 and 2001, the Clinton and Bush administrations restructured the immigration bureaucracy, placed it within the new Department of Homeland Security, and tried to convey to Americans a greater sense of safety. Refugees, especially those from Iraq, Afghanistan, and Syria, suffered the consequences of the new national security state policies, and found it increasingly difficult to find refuge in the United States. In the post-9/11 era, refugee advocates became even more important to the admission of refugees, reminding Americans of their humanitarian obligations, especially to those refugees who came from areas of the world where US foreign policy had played a role in displacing populations.

Electoral Systems in Context

2017 ◽  
pp. 720-740
Author(s):  
Steven L. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Electoral Systems ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Elections ◽  
Unique Element ◽  
Unique System ◽  
The World ◽  
Elected Office

The United States of America has one of the longest, continually functional electoral systems in the world. On one level, the system is seemingly simple, as it is based predominantly on plurality winners in the context of single-seat districts. However, its extensive usage of primary elections adds a nearly unique element to the process of filling elected office. This mechanism is used more extensively in the United States than in any other case. Additionally, the United States has a complex, and unique, system for electing its national executive. All of these factors help create and reinforce one of the most rigid two-party systems in the world.

scholarly journals Tungiasis: A Rare Parasitic Infestation in Genitals of a Native Male from Kathmandu

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Author(s):  
Shreya Shrivastav ◽  
Ram Chandra Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central America ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Tunga Penetrans ◽  
The World ◽  
Imported Cases

Tungiasis is a common parasitic infection inmany parts of the world, including South and Central America and parts of Africa. It is rare in other places, such as in India and Pakistan and imported cases have been reported in Taiwan, Italy, the United States of America, etc. Our diagnosis was made based on histopathologiocal features of the parasite, which corresponds too ther reports and description of tungiasis.1-3 It was treated by surgical excision alone. The fact that the disease has never been reported in Nepal makes it difficult to diagnose clinically, but should be considered in the future. Histopathology can aid in diagnosingthis rare condition.Keywords: Nepal; tunga penetrans; tungiasis.

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