scholarly journals Guia prático de referências e recomendações nutricionais para indivíduos acometidos pelo coronavírus e para a população em isolamento social durante a pandemia: COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (35) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Hadassa Hillary Novaes Pereira Rodrigues ◽  
Wanderson Hugo Drescher ◽  
Ana Carolina Pinheiro Volp
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Reference Guide ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Needy

Introduction: After an outbreak of pneumonia caused by an unknown cause registered in China in December 2019, a disease of zoonotic origin was detected, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS-CoV), which became known as coronavirus disease due to days sickness 2019 (COVID-19). Of those affected, a portion needs hospitalization and nutritional support is necessary. However, those who are in social isolation must amplify their nutritional status, as well as their immunity, in the process of creating more resistance if they are affected. The goal of care is not to overload the health system, so that little by little the needy have dignified care. Considering the need for greater ammunition for health professionals and the population in general, and in a simplified way in the face of the “rain” of information that everyone is receiving, the objective of the present work was to summarize and present a practical reference guide for the population in social isolation during the pandemic. Methods: A literary search was carried out on references already published on the subject on scientific websites, including the main themes: nutritional status, nutritional recommendations, immunity and coronavirus. Results: The following were included in this guide, presented very clearly: guidelines for the population that is in social isolation; lactating with COVID-19; immunomodulation; shopping and returning home. Conclusion: This article has summarized what is available on the subject in the literature until today. We believe that this material can help professionals and the general population in times of pandemic.

scholarly journals Practical Guide of References and Nutritional Recommendations for Individuals Affected by Coronavirus Disease 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadassa Hillary Novaes Pereira Rodrigues ◽  
Wanderson Hugo Drescher ◽  
Katiuchia Pereira Takeuchi ◽  
Fernanda Cacilda dos Santos Silva ◽  
Ana Carolina Pinheiro Volp
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Administration Routes ◽  
Practical Guide ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Entire World

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Fast and exponentially spreading, COVID-19 pandemic has affected the entire world and caused a collapse in health systems to, due to the short contagion time, the need for hospitalization and intensive care. Of the affected, some portion needs hospitalization and essential nutritional support. OBJECTIVE: Considering the current demand on the need to better inform and prepare health professionals and the general population in a simplified mode, given a huge amount of disseminated information, the objective of this work was to present a summarized and practical guide of references and nutritional recommendations for individuals affected by COVID-19. METHODS: Bibliographic review about this subject related publications was carried out on scientific websites, including the main themes: critical patient, nutritional status, nutritional recommendations, immunity and coronavirus. RESULTS: The following items were included and presented very clearly in this guide: screening for nutritional risk; administration routes, objectives and guidelines of nutritional therapy; dietary and nutritional recommendations; immunomodulation; probiotics; and liquids/hydration. CONCLUSION: This article has summarized what is available on the subject in the literature up to now. We believe that this practical guide will facilitate and optimizes the conduct of health professionals.

scholarly journals Nutritional interventions in critical illness

2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Powell-Tuck
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Critical Illness ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Refeeding Syndrome ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Function

The metabolism of critical illness is characterised by a combination of starvation and stress. There is increased production of cortisol, catecholamines, glucagon and growth hormone and increased insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1. Phagocytic, epithelial and endothelial cells elaborate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid mediators, and antioxidant depletion ensues. There is hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia, hyperlactataemia, increased gluconeogenesis and decreased glycogen production. Insulin resistance, particularly in relation to the liver, is marked. The purpose of nutritional support is primarily to save life and secondarily to speed recovery by reducing neuropathy and maintaining muscle mass and function. There is debate about the optimal timing of nutritional support for the patient in the intensive care unit. It is generally agreed that the enteral route is preferable if possible, but the dangers of the parenteral route, a route of feeding that remains important in the context of critical illness, may have been over-emphasised. Control of hyperglycaemia is beneficial, and avoidance of overfeeding is emphasised. Growth hormone is harmful. The refeeding syndrome needs to be considered, although it has been little studied in the context of critical illness. Achieving energy balance may not be necessary in the early stages of critical illness, particularly in patients who are overweight or obese. Protein turnover is increased and N balance is often negative in the face of normal nutrient intake; optimal N intakes are the subject of some debate. Supplementation of particular amino acids able to support or regulate the immune response, such as glutamine, may have a role not only for their potential metabolic effect but also for their potential antioxidant role. Doubt remains in relation to arginine supplementation. High-dose mineral and vitamin antioxidant therapy may have a place.

The future role of the psychiatrist in Europe – a UEMS perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
M. Hermans
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Future Role ◽  
Personal Opinion ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many

SummaryThe author presents his personal opinion inviting to discussion on the possible future role of psychiatrists. His view is based upon the many contacts with psychiatrists all over Europe, academicians and everyday professionals, as well as the familiarity with the literature. The list of papers referred to is based upon (1) the general interest concerning the subject when representing ideas also worded elsewhere, (2) the accessibility to psychiatrists and mental health professionals in Germany, (3) being costless downloadable for non-subscribers and (4) for some geographic aspects (e.g. Belgium, Spain, Sweden) and the latest scientific issues, addressing some authors directly.

Emmanuel Levinas: Um estudo sobre a ética da alteridade

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abimael Francisco do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Transcendental Philosophy ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Thought ◽  
Philosophical Criticism ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
First Philosophy

The general objective of this study is to analyze the postulate of the ethics of otherness as the first philosophy, presented by Emmanuel Levinas. It is a proposal that runs through Levinas' thinking from his theoretical foundations, to his philosophical criticism. Levinas' thought presents itself as a new thought, as a critique of ontology and transcendental philosophy. For him, the concern with knowledge and with being made the other to be forgotten, placing the other in totality. Levinas proposes the ethics of otherness as sensitivity to the other. The subject says here I am, making myself responsible for the other in an infinite way, in a transcendence without return to myself, becoming hostage to the other, as an irrefutable responsibility. The idea of the infinite, present in the face of the other, points to a responsibility whoever more assumes himself, the more one is responsible, until the substitution by other.

scholarly journals Reducing Loneliness in Stationary Geriatric Care with Robots and Virtual Encounters—A Contribution to the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4846
Author(s):  
Andreas Follmann ◽  
Franziska Schollemann ◽  
Andrea Arnolds ◽  
Pauline Weismann ◽  
Thea Laurentius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Phone Call ◽  
Observational Trial ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Geriatric Hospital ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
The Subject

The bans on visiting nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic, while intended to protect residents, also have the risk of increasing the loneliness and social isolation that already existed among the older generations before the pandemic. To combat loneliness and social isolation in nursing homes, this trial presents a study during which social networks of nursing home residents and elderly hospital patients were maintained through virtual encounters and robots, respectively. The observational trial included volunteers who were either residents of nursing homes or patients in a geriatric hospital. Each volunteer was asked to fill in a questionnaire containing three questions to measure loneliness. The questionnaire also documented whether video telephony via the robot, an alternative contact option (for example, a phone call), or no contact with relatives had taken place. The aim was to work out the general acceptance and the benefits of virtual encounters using robots for different roles (users, relatives, nursing staff, facilities). Seventy volunteers with three possible interventions (non-contact, virtual encounters by means of a robot, and any other contact) took part in this trial. The frequency of use of the robot increased steadily over the course of the study, and it was regularly used in all facilities during the weeks of visitor bans (n = 134 times). In the hospital, loneliness decreased significantly among patients for whom the robot was used to provide contact (F(1,25) = 7.783, p = 0.01). In the nursing homes, no demonstrable effect could be achieved in this way, although the subject feedback from the users was consistently positive.

scholarly journals The Law Challenged and the Critique of Identity with Emmanuel Levinas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Petrilli
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Object Relation ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethical Orientation ◽  
New Humanism ◽  
Present Essay ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject

AbstractIdentity as traditionally conceived in mainstream Western thought is focused on theory, representation, knowledge, subjectivity and is centrally important in the works of Emmanuel Levinas. His critique of Western culture and corresponding notion of identity at its foundations typically raises the question of the other. Alterity in Levinas indicates existence of something on its own account, in itself independently of the subject’s will or consciousness. The objectivity of alterity tells of the impossible evasion of signs from their destiny, which is the other. The implications involved in reading the signs of the other have contributed to reorienting semiotics in the direction of semioethics. In Levinas, the I-other relation is not reducible to abstract cognitive terms, to intellectual synthesis, to the subject-object relation, but rather tells of involvement among singularities whose distinctive feature is alterity, absolute alterity. Humanism of the other is a pivotal concept in Levinas overturning the sense of Western reason. It asserts human duties over human rights. Humanism of alterity privileges encounter with the other, responsibility for the other, over tendencies of the centripetal and egocentric orders that instead exclude the other. Responsibility allows for neither rest nor peace. The “properly human” is given in the capacity for absolute otherness, unlimited responsibility, dialogical intercorporeity among differences non-indifferent to each other, it tells of the condition of vulnerability before the other, exposition to the other. The State and its laws limit responsibility for the other. Levinas signals an essential contradiction between the primordial ethical orientation and the legal order. Justice involves comparing incomparables, comparison among singularities outside identity. Consequently, justice places limitations on responsibility, on unlimited responsibility which at the same time it presupposes as its very condition of possibility. The present essay is structured around the following themes: (1) Premiss; (2) Justice, uniqueness, and love; (3) Sign and language; (4) Dialogue and alterity; (5) Semiotic materiality; (6) Globalization and the trap of identity; (7) Human rights and rights of the other: for a new humanism; (8) Ethics; (9) The World; (10) Outside the subject; (11) Responsibility and Substitution; (12) The face; (13) Fear of the other; (14) Alterity and justice; (15) Justice and proximity; (16) Literary writing; (17) Unjust justice; (18) Caring for the other.

scholarly journals Women's Role in Food Production and Nutrition: Implications for Their Quality of Life

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Holmboe-Ottesen ◽  
Ophelia Mascarenhas ◽  
Margareta Wandel
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Women's Work ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Work Allocation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Women's Role

The authors review the literature on the subject of how women's work along the food chain may affect their nutritional status and other aspects of their lives. They point out the discrimination against women in food and work allocation: women often work harder and have greater energy expenditures than men but get less food. Bennett makes this point in her article too, and McGuire touches on it as well.

Intergenerational Wealth Transfer and the Need to Revive and Metamorphose the Israeli Estate Tax

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphna Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Wealth Transfer ◽  
Estate Tax ◽  
Inheritance Tax ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Needy

Abstract This article suggests enacting an accession tax instead of the estate duty – which was repealed in Israel in 1981. This suggestion evolves from historical and normative explorations of the tension between perceptions of familial intergenerational property rights and justifications for the “death tax,” as termed by its opponents, i.e., estate and inheritance tax. First, the Article explores this tension as expressed in the history of the Israeli Estate Duty Law. This chronological survey reveals a move from the State’s taken-for-granted interest in revenue justifying the Law’s enactment in 1949; moving on to the “needy widow” and “poor orphan” in whose name the tax was attacked during the years 1959–1964, continuing to the abolition of the tax in 1981 in the name of efficiency and the right of the testator to transfer his wealth to his family, and finally cumulating with the targeting of tycoon dynasties that characterizes the recent calls for reintroducing the tax. Next, based on the rich literature on the subject, the Article maps the arguments for and against intergenerational wealth transfer taxation, placing the Israeli case in larger philosophical, political, and pragmatic contexts. Lastly, it associates the ideas of accession tax and “social inheritance” with inspirational sources for rethinking a realistic wealth transfer taxation to bridge the gap between notions of intergenerational familial rights and intergenerational social justice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document