Migration and transformation of fertilizer nitrogen in a simulated black soil column

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao ZHANG ◽  
Yu-Ping CHE ◽  
Zhong-Pei LI
Keyword(s):  
Soil Column ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen

scholarly journals New Insight into Mechanism of Cr(VI) Migration and Transformation in Typical Soils of Chromite ore Processing Residue (COPR) Contaminated Sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghai Wei ◽  
Wenting Li ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Jia Zhang ◽  
Honghan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Column ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Alkaline Condition ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
Chromite Ore Processing Residue ◽  
Chromite Ore ◽  
Ore Processing ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Soil Constituents

Abstract Chromite ore processing residue (COPR) storage sites are widely distributed all over the world, causing serious soil and groundwater pollution. However, the differences in soil constituents and properties between different regions are significant, and the dynamic migration and transformation of Cr(VI) in different types of soil under alkaline condition of the COPR site is still unclear. In this study, the typical black soil, red soil and loess in different regions of China were chosen to investigate the adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of Cr(VI) under the original pH conditions of the soil, and then the alkaline Cr(VI) solution was introduced into the soil column to simulate the dynamic migration and transformation process of Cr(VI) at COPR sites. According to the results, the Cr(VI) breakthrough curve predicted by the solid-liquid distribution coefficient Kd based on the static isotherm adsorption experiments significantly underestimated and overestimated the retention effect of black soil and red soil on Cr(VI) dynamic migration, respectively. For the black soil, the retention of Cr(VI) was dominated by Cr(VI) reduction, which is a slow reaction compared with Cr(VI) adsorption. Therefore, the reduction kinetics process during the column experiment cannot be neglected. In respect to the red soil, the outlet Cr(VI) concentration turned to be higher than the inlet concentration with the soil alkalization, which indicated that the adsorbed Cr(VI) desorbed again, and this is the main reason for the overestimation of Cr(VI) retention effect by the red soil. This study shows that the environmental risks of Cr in different types of soil are quite different, mainly related to the valence and occurrence form of Cr that governed by the soil constituents and properties. In addition, the stable form of Cr in the black soil column after the reaction indicates that the soil organic matter can be used as a potential environmentally friendly remediation material for Cr(VI) contaminated soils at COPR sites.

Leaching Behavior of Chlorpyrifos and its Main Metabolite TCP through 5 Types of Soil Columns in Laboratory Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Li Sun ◽  
Hong Shan ◽  
Yi Wei Dong ◽  
Jin Li Huang ◽  
Cheng Feng Tong
Keyword(s):  
Soil Column ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Saturated Soil ◽  
Purple Soil ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Leaching Behavior ◽  
Main Metabolite ◽  
Limestone Soil

By applying the OECD soil column method, the leaching behavior of chlorpyrifos and it main metabolite, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP), in five types of saturated soil was compared. The results show the following: (1) Chlorpyrifos can be retained in the five types of saturated soil, and the rate of chlorpyrifos residues in the five types of soil columns are 86.9% (Black soil), 80.3% (Red soil), 77.9% (Limestone soil), 74.7% (fluvo-aquic soil) and 68.9% (Purple soil) of the application amount; (2) No chlorpyrifos was found in the leachate; (3) TCP could fully migrate in the five types of 30-cm-long soil columns and the TCP residues in these columns are 34.4% (Black soil), 29.6% (Red soil), 24.8% (Limestone soil),14.1% (fluvo-aquic soil) and 10.3% (Purple soil) of the application amount; (4) The average concentrations of TCP in the 400 mL leaching solution were from 0.31 μg·mL-1to 0.23 μg·mL-1; and (5) The Kocand GUS values of the TCP in the five types of soil showed that TCP has a great leaching risk compared with its parent compound of chlorpyrifos.

Recovery of Residual Fertilizer-Nitrogen by Wheat in a Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Rotation in the North China Plain: A Soil Column Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 925-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Cheng Wu ◽  
Shun-Li Zhou ◽  
Zhi-Min Wang ◽  
Han-Yu Feng ◽  
Lai-Qing Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Summer Maize ◽  
Column Study ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain

scholarly journals Effects of different agronomic practices on the selective soil properties and nitrogen leaching of black soil in Northeast China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujun Wang ◽  
Hongjun Gao ◽  
Zhonglei Xie ◽  
Lifeng Zhang ◽  
Xiulan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Leaching ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Pollution Risk ◽  
Tillage Treatment

Abstract Considering the large amount and high frequency application of concentrated fertilizer nitrogen in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China, the current laboratory/field simulation study aimed to explore the pollution risk of added nitrogen in black soil to groundwater and identify effective measures to prevent and control soil nitrogen leaching with an undisturbed soil column. The results showed that the saturated nitrogen adsorption capacities increased by 1.7%, 7.7% and 18.5% in ploughing, impervious agent (starch grafted polyacrylic acid) addition, and corn straw returning treatments, respectively, relative to the control (no-till). When the collection volume of the leaching solution reached the experimental maximum (4,000 mL), the total amount of nitrogen leaching from the control soil column (i.e., the no-tillage treatment) accounted for more than 50% of the added nitrogen, indicating a great risk of nitrogen pollution in groundwater. Compared with the no-tillage treatment, the amount of nitrogen leaching from the ploughing treatment increased insignificantly, and the amount of nitrogen leaching in the following spring in the corn straw returning treatment increased by 11.2%. The amount of nitrogen leaching decreased by 12.5% in the soil sampled in autumn of the second year. The total amount of nitrogen leaching in the soil with impervious agents decreased by 40.1%. Therefore, the permeability-reducing agent could significantly reduce underground water pollution risk posed by nitrogen leaching.

Characteristic of the zimoseptoria tritici population by virulence in the of the Central Black Soil region of Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.V. Zeleneva J.V. ◽  
◽  
V.P. Sudnikova V.P.
Keyword(s):  
Black Soil ◽  
Black Soil Region ◽  
Intraspecific Structure ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Significant Polymorphism

Based on the analysis of the intraspecific structure of the fungus Zimoseptoria. tritici, it was found that this species has significant polymorphism. Using monogenic wheat lines (Oasis (Stb1), Veranopolis (Stb2), Israel (Stb3), Tadinia (Stb4), CS / Synthetic (Stb5), Estanzuela Federal (Stb7)), the population of Z. tritici in the Central Black Earth region was tested. High heterogeneity of monosporous isolates of Z. tritici by virulence was revealed.

INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF YUBILEINY NOVY 142 TOBACCO BY USING THE RAIKAT START GROWTH REGULATOR IN THE CENTRAL ZONE OF KRASNODAR REGION

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Growth Stimulator ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Stalk Diameter ◽  
Seedling Plant ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Plant Length

Efficiency of new natural growth stimulator Raykat Start for seedling plant growing (tobacco) has been studied on the base of All-Russian research institute of tobacco makhorka and tobacco products. We used west-subcaucasian leached black soil on the experimental field. Laboratorial, greenhouse and field experiments have discovered that soaking seeds in solution with concentration of growth stimulator 0.0001 % during 6 hours leads to germs mass increasing by 70 %. Seeds treatment before sowing with efficient concentration of stimulator (0.0001 %) in combination with further double spraying (in basic stages ofplant development: “cotyledon” and “ready for transplanting” before pulling plants from seedbed) on plants until their total moistening of above earth plant parts leads to increasing plant length from collar to growing point by 32 %, to leaf tips - by 23 %, above earth plant mass - by 78 %, root mass - by 60 %, stalk diameter in collar part - by 25 %. It was also noticed significant decreasing of stalk and root decays (up to 52 %) in areas with plants treated by stimulator. Surviving of transplanted plants treated with Raykat Start was 95 %, they had increased growing and developing rates both in the beginning of field stage and in the end of vegetation. These led to increasing plant length, leaf area, which increased by 31 % and plant productivity which increased by 17.6 %.

TECHNOLOGY IMPROVEMENT OF SUNFLOWER CULTIVATION ON THE BLACK SOIL OF THE SARATOV VOLGA RIGHT BANK REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1375-1385
Author(s):  
Viktor Narushev ◽  
◽  
Andrey Lekarev ◽  
Viktor Grafov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Soil ◽  
Technology Improvement

Calculation of thermal parameters of frozen soil based on the closely spaced soil column model

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Zhixiang Chen ◽  
Shunqun Li ◽  
Jinhong Xia ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Chao Gui
Keyword(s):  
Soil Column ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Thermal Parameters ◽  
Column Model

Measuring Chloride in Effluent Flowing from a Soil Column

1972 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Mansell ◽  
Atef Elzeftawy
Keyword(s):  
Soil Column

Economic feasibility of restoration of degraded and neglected lands

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Anastasiya V. Mironova ◽  
Igor’ V. Liskin ◽  
Irina I. Afonina
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Neglect of soils leads to their degradation, worsens useful properties, and reduces fertility and productivity. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in conducting a comparative analysis of technologies for treating degraded soils, taking into account the economic feasibility of their restoration in non-black-soil regions of Russia. (Materials and methods) The article shows the main technological scheme of restoration of degraded soils. Authors have identified the main groups of land that are located in non-black-soil regions of Russia. (Results and discussion) The article presents the need for equipment, economic and labor costs for the restoration of each type of land in the non-black-soil regions of Russia. Authors took into account that the salary of machine operators depends on the time of direct execution of the task. It was found that the restoration of virgin and fallow lands was the most preferable from the economic, energy-saving and environmental points of view. The article shows that the restoration of pasture areas exceeds the cost of processing virgin lands, but the number of necessary machine and tractor units is comparable to work on virgin lands. Authors recommend to develop the soils with woody and shrubby vegetation in the first place, starting with land occupied by young plants. It is necessary to take into account the criteria for the fertility of the soil layer. It was found that soils with a small excess of moisture have small cost of its development, while on heavily swampy soils the cost of work on their development is many times higher than the cost of restoring other types of land. (Conclusion) The article shows that the restoration of neglected land is a necessary condition for improving the provision of human needs for food and a number of industrial goods. First of all, it is necessary to develop land that requires minimal investment of economic and labor costs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document