Cultural influences on individual risk perception: Cultural cognition theory's explanation

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1251
Author(s):  
Xinjian WANG ◽  
Huijuan ZHANG ◽  
Di WU ◽  
Xiaokang LV
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Cultural Cognition

scholarly journals Drinking Water Consumption Patterns: An Exploration of Risk Perception and Governance in Two First Nations Communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6851
Author(s):  
Neal Spicer ◽  
Brenda Parlee ◽  
Molly Chisaakay ◽  
Doug Lamalice
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
First Nation ◽  
Individual Risk

Many Indigenous communities across Canada suffer from the lack of access to clean drinking water; ensuring individuals and communities have safe water to drink either from their home or from their local environment requires the consideration of multiple factors including individual risk perception. In collaboration with local leaders, semi-structured interviews (n = 99) were conducted over a two-year period in the Dene Tha’ First Nation and Kátł’odeeche First Nation to unpack the issue of risk perception and its meaning to local community members. These local metrics of risk perception including smell, taste, safety, health fears and level of concern were then used to explore patterns in other data on drinking water consumption patterns and bottled water use. The results are consistent with previous research related to water insecurity and indicate that both communities consume more bottled water than the average Canadian. Results also varied by jurisdiction; those in Alberta indicated much higher levels of concern and a greater degree of bottled water consumption.

scholarly journals Integrating public risk perception into formal natural hazard risk assessment

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Plattner ◽  
T. Plapp ◽  
B. Hebel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Plausibility Check ◽  
Novel Approach

Abstract. An urgent need to take perception into account for risk assessment has been pointed out by relevant literature, its impact in terms of risk-related behaviour by individuals is obvious. This study represents an effort to overcome the broadly discussed question of whether risk perception is quantifiable or not by proposing a still simple but applicable methodology. A novel approach is elaborated to obtain a more accurate and comprehensive quantification of risk in comparison to present formal risk evaluation practice. A consideration of relevant factors enables a explicit quantification of individual risk perception and evaluation. The model approach integrates the effective individual risk reff and a weighted mean of relevant perception affecting factors PAF. The relevant PAF cover voluntariness of risk-taking, individual reducibility of risk, knowledge and experience, endangerment, subjective damage rating and subjective recurrence frequency perception. The approach assigns an individual weight to each PAF to represent its impact magnitude. The quantification of these weights is target-group-dependent (e.g. experts, laypersons) and may be effected by psychometric methods. The novel approach is subject to a plausibility check using data from an expert-workshop. A first model application is conducted by means of data of an empirical risk perception study in Western Germany to deduce PAF and weight quantification as well as to confirm and evaluate model applicbility and flexibility. Main fields of application will be a quantification of risk perception by individual persons in a formal and technical way e.g. for the purpose of risk communication issues in illustrating differing perspectives of experts and non-experts. For decision making processes this model will have to be applied with caution, since it is by definition not designed to quantify risk acceptance or risk evaluation. The approach may well explain how risk perception differs, but not why it differs. The formal model generates only "snap shots" and considers neither the socio-cultural nor the historical context of risk perception, since it is a highly individualistic and non-contextual approach.

scholarly journals The Role of Sense of Coherence and Social Capital on Perceived Risk: The Salutogenic Model Approach on Flood Survivors in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 884 (1) ◽  
pp. 012017
Author(s):  
H Maulana ◽  
G Gumelar ◽  
G Irianda
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Risk Dimensions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flood Risk Perception

Abstract The study of flood risk perception has been received growing attention in multi-disciplinary research and practice. Indonesia’s government approach on managing the impact of flood is highly dependence on structural engineering solutions. Few empirical attempts have systematically established to understand whether positive psychological capacity strategy helps flood survivors to overcome the negative impact of flood. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of salutogenic and social capital models on flood risk perception. A national survey was used to collect the data of flood survivors across Indonesia. A battery comprising socio-demographic information, measures of salutogenic variable (sense of coherence), social capital (sense of community and social trust), and individual risk perception on flood was administered to the Indonesian adult (N = 194). This study findings showed that the overall model successfully predicted the perceived risk dimensions. However, different routes of correlation across variables were identified. Discussion and future recommendation are presented with regard to the study finding.

scholarly journals Essential Workers COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy, Misinformation and Informational Needs in the Republic of North Macedonia.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Fucaloro ◽  
Vahe Yacoubian ◽  
Nigel Harriman ◽  
Rachael Pitch-Loeb ◽  
Metodi Hadji-Janev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Informational Needs ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health crisis that as of December 2021 has resulted in the death of over 5.2 million people. Despite the unprecedented development and distribution of vaccines, hesitancy to take the vaccine remains a wide-spread public health challenge, especially in Eastern European countries. In this study we focus on a sample of essential workers in North Macedonia to: 1) Describe rates of vaccine acceptance, risk perception and sources of COVID-19 information, 2) Explore predictors of vaccine hesitancy and 3) Describe informational needs of hesitant and non-hesitant essential workers. Methods: Descriptive statistics were used to present frequencies of vaccine acceptance. Logistic regression was used to explore predictors of vaccine acceptance based on sociodemographic characteristics, hesitancy to take other vaccines in the past, previous diagnosis of COVID-19, and individual risk perception of COVID-19. Chi square analysis was used to compare informational needs differences between hesitant and non-hesitant individuals across socio-demographic groups. Results: From a sample of 1003 individuals, 439 (44%) reported that they were very likely to get the vaccine, the rest reported some level of hesitancy. Older age, Albanian ethnicity, post-secondary school education, previous diagnosis of COVID-19, previous vaccine acceptance of other vaccines, and increased risk perception of COVID-19 infection were all found to be negatively associated with vaccine hesitancy. In particular hesitant individuals, compared to the non-hesitant, wanted to have more information and reassurance that all main international agencies (i.e. FDA, WHO, EMA) were all in accordance in recommending the vaccine and that they would be free to choose if getting the vaccine or not without consequences (p<0.01).

scholarly journals Factors Associated with COVID-19 Low Risk perception among urban dwellers in Malawi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mastano Nambiro Woleson Dzimbiri ◽  
Emmanuel Chilanga ◽  
Patrick Mwanjawala ◽  
Amanda Keller
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Rapid Appraisal ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Wrath Of God

Abstract Introduction: Malawians have yet to broadly adopt COVID-19 mitigation measures despite having overwhelming evidence about its infectivity, morbidity, and fatality. Understanding why the general population is not proactive in reducing the spread of this illness is critical to learning how to address this issue. This study explores Malawian COVID-19 risk perception and the associated constraints in the adoption of mitigations. A Health Belief Model (HBM) approach was used to understand factors that undermine COVID-19 messages to achieve behavior change.Methods: The study applied a rapid appraisal and photovoice methodology in this qualitative inquiry to better understand individual risk perception regarding COVID-19. We selected 33 participants from three major cities in Malawi. We transcribed verbatim audio interviews and videos. Transcripts were coded manually to derive key themes and concepts. Results: Religious and political beliefs strongly influenced COVID-19 risk perception. Critical religious factors included the coming of Christ, the wrath of God, and the coming of the beast. Politically, participants believed that COVID-19 lockdown measures were a ploy by the ruling party to remain in power.Conclusion: The study suggests that religious beliefs and political environment undermine self-perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 among urban dwellers in Malawi. We recommend that diverse actors in Malawi should collaborate to promote the dissemination of accurate COVID-19 discourses and reduce the severity of the pandemic’s impact on the Malawi populous.

What Is Cultural Cognition, and Why Does It Matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Rachlinski
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Cultural Cognition ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
News Sources ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
Political Compromise

By all accounts, we currently live in a polarized political state in which virtually every fact is contestable. From climate change to vaccine efficacy, people feel free to choose their own facts to support politically charged arguments. Partisans in every area of American life are unable to agree on the basic assumptions underlying political debate. Research on cultural cognition demonstrates that people's political and cultural commitments shape how they process information from news sources, scientists, and public officials, thereby dictating which policies they support and which ones they oppose. When partisan loyalties determine what evidence people will accept, political compromise becomes difficult or even impossible. All is not lost, however. Cultural cognition has a powerful influence, but facts are stubborn things. In some areas of public debate, facts and evidence have overcome political divides. Furthermore, an understanding of the influence of cultural cognition can facilitate remedies to partisanship. This article examines the research that demonstrates the extent of cultural influences on people's understanding of public debates, identifies the limits of cultural cognition, and describes the extent to which cultural cognition itself provides keys to breaking down partisan divides. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Law and Social Science, Volume 17 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals A qualitative view of the HIV epidemic in coastal Ecuador

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam L Beckman ◽  
Magdelana M Wilson ◽  
Vishaal Prabhu ◽  
Nicola Soekoe ◽  
Humberto Mata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Multiple Sex Partners ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Living With Hiv

In 2013 approximately 37,000 people were living with HIV in Ecuador (prevalence 0.4%), representing a generalized epidemic where most new infections arise from sexual interactions in the general population. Studies that examine attitudes towards people living with HIV (PLWH), individual risk perception of acquiring HIV amongst Ecuadorians, and the ways in which levels of risk perception may affect risk behaviors are lacking. This qualitative study aimed to fill this gap in the literature by investigating these issues in the rural, coastal community of Manglaralto, Ecuador, which has among the highest incidence of HIV in Ecuador. We conducted interviews with 15 patients at Manglaralto Hospital. Analysis of interview transcripts revealed widespread negative attitudes towards PLWH, prevalent risk behaviors such as multiple sex partners and lack of condom use, and low individual risk-perception of contracting HIV. These findings underscore the need for increased efforts to prevent further growth of the HIV epidemic in Ecuador.

Risk Decision-Making System in Manufacture Enterprise Management

2013 ◽  
Vol 694-697 ◽  
pp. 3592-3595
Author(s):  
Yi Lin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Risk Propensity ◽  
Decision Making System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Level Of Risk ◽  
Risk Decision

Risk has always been at the core of entrepreneurs daily decision-making, but factors will influence individuals decision-making. In this study, we investigated risk decision-making and cognition process of venture experts and novices under a given venture contexts. The purpose of the experiment is to investigate the difference of risk perception, risk propensity among venture experts, novice and college students, and to investigate the impact of these factors to individual risk decision-making. The result shows that, for the level of risk perception, there are prominent differences in experts and novices, but for the level of risk propensity, there is no prominent difference in experts and novices. It could be concluded that it is the risk perception influence individual risk decision-making but not the risk propensity.

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