Effect of Planting Density on Plant Growth and Root Morphology of Maize

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luojin YANG ◽  
Hongbin TAO ◽  
Pu WANG
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Planting Density

scholarly journals Mycorrhiza-induced changes in root growth and nutrient absorption of tea plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Ya-Dong ◽  
Zhang De-Jian ◽  
Hu Xian-Chun ◽  
Wu Qiang-Sheng ◽  
Jiang Chang-Jun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizas ◽  
Nutrient Absorption ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Tea Plants ◽  
Amf Inoculation

Tea plants grown in acidic soils are strongly dependent on arbuscular mycorrhizas, whereas it is not clear whether soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) improve plant growth, root development, and nutrient absorption in tea plants. A potted study was conducted to determine the effects of Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Diversispora spurca, D. versiformis and a mixture of the three AMF species on plant growth, root morphology, root-hair growth, and leaf nutrient status in Camellia sinensis cv. Fuding Dabaicha in Jingzhou, China. After 12 weeks of AMF inoculation, root mycorrhizal colonization ranged from 15.12% to 40.23%. AMF inoculation heavily increased plant height, shoot and root biomass, and total leaf area, whilst the increased effect was ranked as C. etunicatum > D. spurca > mixed-AMF > D. versiformis in the decreasing order. Mycorrhizal inoculation also considerably increased total root length and volume, whereas obviously inhibited root-hair length and number, in company with an increment in root-hair diameter. Leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Mn contents were significantly higher in AMF-inoculated plants than in non-AMF-inoculated plants, regardless of AMF species. It concludes that AMF inoculation had positive effects on plant growth performance, root morphology, and leaf nutrient levels in cv. Fuding Dabaicha seedlings, whilst C. etunicatum performed the best effects.

Effect of planting density on plant growth and camptothecin content ofCamptotheca acuminata seedlings

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Huan-yong ◽  
Wang Yang ◽  
Wang Zhen-yue ◽  
Yan Xiu-feng
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Planting Density

scholarly journals Effect of Nutrient Solution Flow Rate on Hydroponic Plant Growth and Root Morphology

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bateer Baiyin ◽  
Kotaro Tagawa ◽  
Mina Yamada ◽  
Xinyan Wang ◽  
Satoshi Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Solution Flow ◽  
Flow Rates

Crop production under hydroponic environments has many advantages, yet the effects of solution flow rate on plant growth remain unclear. We conducted a hydroponic cultivation study using different flow rates under light-emitting diode lighting to investigate plant growth, nutrient uptake, and root morphology under different flow rates. Swiss chard plants were grown hydroponically under four nutrient solution flow rates (2 L/min, 4 L/min, 6 L/min, and 8 L/min). After 21 days, harvested plants were analyzed for root and shoot fresh weight, root and shoot dry weight, root morphology, and root cellulose and hemicellulose content. We found that suitable flow rates, acting as a eustress, gave the roots appropriate mechanical stimulation to promote root growth, absorb more nutrients, and increase overall plant growth. Conversely, excess flow rates acted as a distress that caused the roots to become compact and inhibited root surface area and root growth. Excess flow rate thereby resulted in a lower root surface area that translated to reduced nutrient ion absorption and poorer plant growth compared with plans cultured under a suitable flow rate. Our results indicate that regulating flow rate can regulate plant thigmomorphogenesis and nutrient uptake, ultimately affecting hydroponic crop quality.

scholarly journals Rhizoglomus intraradices Improves Plant Growth, Root Morphology and Phytohormone Balance of Robinia pseudoacacia in Arsenic-Contaminated Soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
QiaoMing Zhang ◽  
Minggui Gong ◽  
Kaiyang Liu ◽  
Yanlan Chen ◽  
Jiangfeng Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia

scholarly journals Exogenous Carbon Magnifies Mycorrhizal Effects on Growth Behaviour and Sucrose Metabolism in Trifoliate Orange

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li TIAN ◽  
Yan LI ◽  
Qiang-Sheng WU
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizas ◽  
Sucrose Metabolism ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Mycorrhizal Plants

Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AMs) need the carbohydrates from host plants for its growth, whereas it is not clear whether exogenous carbon affects mycorrhizal roles. A two-chambered rootbox was divided into root + hyphae chamber and hyphae chamber (free of roots) by 37-μm nylon mesh, in which trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) seedlings and Funneliformis mosseae were applied into root + hyphae chamber, and exogenous 40 mmol/L fructose, glucose and sucrose was applied to hyphae chamber. Application of exogenous sugars dramatically elevated root mycorrhizal colonization. Sole arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation significantly promoted plant growth and root morphology than non-AMF treatment. Mycorrhiza-improved plant growth and root modification could be enlarged by exogenous carbon, especially fructose. Exogenous carbon markedly increased root fructose, glucose and sucrose accumulation in mycorrhizal plants, especially sucrose. Exogenous fructose significantly reduced leaf and root sucrose synthase (SS) activity in synthesis direction and increased them in cleavage direction in AMF seedlings. Exogenous glucose and sucrose heavily elevated root SS activity of mycorrhizal seedlings in synthesis and cleavage direction and reduced leaf SS activity in synthesis direction. Leaf acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase (NI) activities of mycorrhizal seedlings were decreased by exogenous carbon, except sucrose in NI. Exogenous fructose significantly increased root AI and NI activity in mycorrhizal plants. These results implied that mycorrhizal inoculation represented positive effects on plant growth, root morphology, and sucrose metabolism of trifoliate orange, which could be magnified further by exogenous carbon, especially fructose.

scholarly journals High pH Stress Affects Root Morphology and Nutritional Status of Hydroponically Grown Rhododendron (Rhododendron spp.)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Ashley J. Turner ◽  
Camila I. Arzola ◽  
Gerardo H. Nunez
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Ph Stress ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Rhododendrons (Rhododendron spp.) are ornamental plants in the family Ericaceae that thrive in acidic soils and are challenged by neutral or alkaline soils. This soil requirement limits the locations where rhododendrons can be grown and causes chlorosis, diminished growth, and low survival when rhododendrons are grown in high pH soils. While growth and survival impacts are widely documented, little is known about how high pH soils cause these symptoms in rhododendrons. We hypothesized that high pH stress impacts root form and function, leading to nutrient deficiencies that limit plant growth. We tested this hypothesis in a hydroponic experiment. “Mardi Gras” rhododendron liners were grown in a complete nutrient solution at pH 5.5 (optimum pH) or pH 6.5 (high pH) for 49 days. Biomass accumulation, nutrient uptake and concentration, and root stress were assessed. High pH nutrient solutions diminished leaf and root growth. Plants grown in high pH nutrient solutions developed clusters of short, highly branched roots. Plants grown in optimum pH did not exhibit this morphology. High pH affected the uptake and translocation of most essential nutrients. S and Mn deficiencies likely limited plant growth. High pH had a nuanced effect on root oxidative status. These results suggest that rhododendron root morphology and nutrient uptake are directly affected by high pH and that aboveground symptoms might be a consequence of impaired root function.

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