Preparation and Evaluation of Silymarin Controlled Release Tablets Prepared Using Natural Gums

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1368-1372
Author(s):  
S. H. Seyed Mohamed Buhary Buhary ◽  
Jaganath S ◽  
Palanichamy S ◽  
Rajesh M ◽  
Prabhu C ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Powder Blend ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Hausner Ratio ◽  
Compressibility Index ◽  
Release Studies

The aim of the study was to formulate and evaluate silymarin controlled release (CR) tablets using natural polymers (xanthan gum and guar gum) CR Tablets of silymarin were prepared by direct compression method at different ratios of 1:0.25, 1:0.5 and 1:0.75 (drug:polymers). The powder blend was evaluated for angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index and Hausner ratio. The powder blend showed satisfactory flow properties. The silymarin tablets are evaluated for general appearance, hardness test, friability test, weight variation and drug content estimation. All the tablets passed the tests. The interactions between the drug with highest proportion of polymers were determined by using FTIR studies. The FTIR study reveals that there is no interaction between drug and polymers. The invitro release study was carried out using 900ml of phosphate buffer pH 7.4 for 10 hours using USP type II dissolution apparatus. The results of invitro release studies of CR tablets of silymarin were compared with control (without polymer).

scholarly journals Formulation Development and In Vitro Characterization of Zolmitriptan Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shambhavi Pandala ◽  
Vasudha Bakshi ◽  
Rajendra Kumar Jadi
Keyword(s):  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Gum Karaya ◽  
Weight Variation

Background: Zolmitriptan is an artificial tryptamine, employed for the acute cure of migraine attack with or exclusive of aura and cluster headaches. Objective: It is an attempt to develop the extended release (ER) of Zolmitriptan matrix (ZMT) tablets to treat migraine safely and effectively. Methods: All formulations were prepared with natural polymers or gums like guar gum, xanthan gum, karaya gum through direct compression method using 6mm punch. Results: Powder blend of all formulations (F1 - F12) using different ratios of the above mentioned gums (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) were characterized with pre-compression parameters (angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index, hausner ratio, compatibility studies) and post-compression parameters (weight variation, thickness, friability, hardness, assay, in vitro dissolution studies). F1 - F4 formulations were prepared with gum karaya and compared with remaining gums; gum karaya shows more retardance capacity. F9 - F12 (with guar gum) formulations were unable to produce the desired release, whereas F5 - F8 formulations containing with xanthan gum exhibited more retarding effect with increasing concentration of polymer. Conclusion: All prepared formulations (F1 - F12) were characterized and F3 formulation was optimized (97.3% drug released in 8 hours). All prepared formulations (F1 - F12) showed good flow properties and release patterns. Hence, formulations of ZMT matrix tablets have a promising delivery system which will enhance bio-availability and achieve greater therapeutic efficacy.

pH Dependent Release Potential of Natural Polymers in Sustained Release of Ornidazole From Colon Targeted Delivery System)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharma Pankaj ◽  
Tailang Mukul
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Acidic Environment ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Curve Determination ◽  
Preformulation Studies

The aim of present work was to prepare colon specific delivery system of Ornidazole using different ratio of shellac, zein and guar gum. From study of various literature it revealed that shellac, zein and guar gum released drug from dosage form at the pH of 6.9, 11.5, 7-9 respectively. The main problem associated with colon targeted drug delivery system is degradation of drug in the acidic environment of stomach to circumvent the present problem different combinations of shellac, zein and guar gum were employed in the formulation of colon targeted tablet. Several preformulation parameters were determined such as melting point, FTIR spectroscopy, preparation of calibration curve, determination of λmax and partition coefficient. After the preformulation studies, next steps were preparation of core tablets, evaluation of core of tablets and coating of tablets. The data obtained from preformulation study seven formulations were developed and evaluated for various parameters. Based on evaluated parameter such as weight variation, friability, dissolution study, invitro drug release etc. the F7 formulation show better results colon targeted tablets. Drug content in F7 formulation was 95% and drug release after 6 hrs was 96%. Formulation containing combination of shellac, zein and guar gum released least amount of drug in the acidic environment of stomach and released most of the drug in colon. It is evide

The Effect of Superdisintegrants on the Dissolution of Promethazine. HCl Fast Dissolving Tablets

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 867-871
Author(s):  
Ganesh kumar Gudas ◽  
Manasa B ◽  
Senthil Kumaran K ◽  
Rajesham V V ◽  
Kiran Kumar S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Enhanced Dissolution ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Compressibility Index ◽  
Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone ◽  
Trigger Zone ◽  
Standard Limit

Promethazine.HCl is a potent anti-emetic. The central antimuscarinic actions of antihistamines are probably responsible for their anti-emetic effects. Promethazine is also believed to inhibit the medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone, and antagonize apomorphine -induced vomiting. Fast dissolving tablets of Promethazine.HCl were prepared using five superdisintegrants viz; sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone, croscarmellose, L-HPC and pregelatinised starch. The precompression blend was tested for angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index and Hausner’s ratio. The tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time (1 min), dissolution rate, content uniformity, and were found to be within standard limit. It was concluded that the fast dissolving tablets with proper hardness, rapidly disintegrating with enhanced dissolution can be made using selected superdisintegrants. Among the different formulations of Promethazine.HCl was prepared and studied and the formulation S2 containing crospovidone, mannitol and microcrystalline cellulose combination was found to be the fast dissolving formulation. In the present study an attempt has been made to prepare fast dissolving tablets of Promethazine.HCl, by using different superdisintegrants with enhanced disintegration and dissolution rate. 

Formulation and Evaluation of Sustained Release Dosage Forms of Norfloxacin

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 4331-4337
Author(s):  
C Suja ◽  
Sismy C
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Sustained Release Tablets ◽  
Release Study ◽  
Vitro Release

The goal of this study was to formulate and evaluate norfloxacin sustained release tablets. Norfloxacin sustained release tablets were prepared by wet granulation method using two polymers such as HPMC K 100 M (hydrophilic polymer) and guar gum (natural polymer) and with three polymer ratios (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5). The prepared granules were evaluated to preformulation studies such as angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, bulkiness, compressibility index and Hauser’s ratio. All the parameters shows that the granules having good flow properties. Then the formulated tablets were taken to evaluation studies such as hardness, weight variation, friability, drug content and thickness. All the parameters were within the acceptable limits. IR spectral analysis showed that there was no interaction between the drug and polymers. The in vitro release study was performed in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 at 293 nm. The in vitro release study showed that if the polymer ratio is increased, then the release of the drug is prolonged. HPMC K 100M shows a prolonged release when compared to guar gum.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF PROCHLORPERAZINE MALEATE SUSTAINED RELEASE FLOATING TABLET

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdulameer Albadry ◽  
Wedad K. Ali ◽  
Fouad A. Al-saady
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Compressibility Index ◽  
Floating Drug Delivery ◽  
Tap Density ◽  
Floating Tablet ◽  
Optimum Formula

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to formulate once daily sustained oral release floating tablet of prochlorperazine maleate, this floating tablet has many advantages like reduction in dosing frequency, increase bioavailability, enhance patient compliance, and improve drug solubility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The prochlorperazine maleate floating tablets were formulated by using hydrophilic swellable polymer and gas generating agent. In this study, 15 formulas were prepared with many variables in order to achieve an optimum dissolution and floating behaviour for the floating tablet. The all prepared formulas were tested for bulk density, tap density, angle of repose, Carr's Index, thickness, weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, <em>in vitro</em> dissolution test, <em>in vitro </em>buoyancy, and swelling index.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Results: </strong>Formula (F2) that contain 55% (w/w) <a href="https://www.google.iq/url?sa=t&amp;rct=j&amp;q=&amp;esrc=s&amp;source=web&amp;cd=3&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjh383ow9LPAhWF6RQKHRChCVgQFggpMAI&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ulprospector.com%2Fen%2Fna%2FFood%2FDetail%2F895%2F563462%2FBenecel-Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose-HPMC-K4M&amp;usg=AFQjCNGgfyJECkumK5cpU_6luVwwJ2fKxA&amp;bvm=bv.135258522,d.d24">hydroxypropyl methylcellulose</a> k4M (HPMCK4M), 5 % (w/w) sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>) have acceptable flow properties and compressibility index and good physical properties with floating lag time (16±0.57) seconds and total floating time (32±0.29) h with 100% release of prochlorperazine maleate at the end of 24 h. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) study of optimum formula (F2) showed no chemical interaction between the drug and the excipients that used in the formula.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It can be concluded that that the selected formula (F2) can be a promising formula for the preparation of gastro retentive floating drug delivery systems of prochlorperazine maleate.</p>

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HERBAL TABLETS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DENGUE

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-113
Author(s):  
Shikha Thakur ◽  
Brisha Bhardwaj ◽  
Shouvik Kumar Nandy
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Phosphorus Iron ◽  
Fresh Pulp ◽  
Tapped Density

Tablets are used as formulation and are prepared by using plant extracts i.e., Carica papaya and Embelica officinalis. These tablets were prepared by using wet granulation method. In this article the extract of leaves of Carica papaya and fruits of Embelica officinalis were used for making herbal tablets. Extracts of leaves of Carica papaya was obtained by cold extraction and through maceration method and the extract of fruits of Embelica officinalis was obtained by maceration process. Both extracts were dried and mixed. These extracts were then impregnated with the excipients like diluents, binding agents, super disintegrating agent, lubricants, etc. to make granules. These granules were then evaluated by using various parameters like Angle of repose, tapped density, bulk density, Carr’s Index, Hausner’s Ratio and void volume. These granules were then used for the making of tablets of desired size and shape by punching in the machine. After preparation of the tablets their evaluation parameters were studied like physical appearance, weight variation, friability, disintegration time, hardness test and thickness. Also the parameters for the acceptance of the tablets is also done like flavor and sweetness. Recent studies have shown that herbal extract of leaves of papaya has beneficial effect as an anti-inflammatory agent, for its wound healing properties, anti-tumor as well as Immunomodulatory effects and as an antioxidant. Amla fruit is a rich natural source of vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) and contains 600-750 mg/100 g of the fresh pulp. Also it is rich in minerals matters like phosphorus, iron and calcium. Amla is used as an Immunomodulatory agent and hence enhance the immunity of the patient. Aim of the study is to design develop and optimize the dosage form to cure dengue and is based on the use of natural plant ingredients to intermingle with chemical as well as synthetic ingredients to develop an effective unit dosage forms for better patient compliance. KEYWORDS: Papaya, Amla, Extracts, Herbal tablet, Dengue, Immunomodulatory, Platelets.

scholarly journals Use of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers for the development of controlled release tizanidine matrix tablets

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Ali ◽  
Muhammad Harris Shoaib ◽  
Rabia Ismail Yousuf ◽  
Sabahat Jabeen ◽  
Iyad Naeem Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Vitro Release

The aim of the present study was to develop tizanidine controlled release matrix. Formulations were designed using central composite method with the help of design expert version 7.0 software. Avicel pH 101 in the range of 14-50% was used as a filler, while HPMC K4M and K100M in the range of 25-55%, Ethylcellulose 10 ST and 10FP in the range of 15 - 45% and Kollidon SR in the range of 25-60% were used as controlled release agents in designing different formulations. Various physical parameters including powder flow for blends and weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, disintegration time and in-vitro release were tested for tablets. Assay of tablets were also performed as specified in USP 35 NF 32. Physical parameters of both powder blend and compressed tablets such as compressibility index, angle of repose, weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, disintegration time and assay were evaluated and found to be satisfactory for formulations K4M2, K4M3, K4M9, K100M2, K100M3, K100M9, E10FP2, E10FP9, KSR2, KSR3 & KSR9. In vitro dissolution study was conducted in 900 ml of 0.1N HCl, phosphate buffer pH 4.5 and 6.8 medium using USP Apparatus II. In vitro release profiles indicated that formulations prepared with Ethocel 10 standard were unable to control the release of drug while formulations K4M2, K100M9, E10FP2 & KSR2 having polymer content ranging from 40-55% showed a controlled drug release pattern in the above mentioned medium. Zero-order drug release kinetics was observed for formulations K4M2, K100M9, E10FP2 & KSR2. Similarity test (f2) results for K4M2, E10FP2 & KSR2 were found to be comparable with reference formulation K100M9. Response Surface plots were also prepared for evaluating the effect of independent variable on the responses. Stability study was performed as per ICH guidelines and the calculated shelf life was 24-30 months for formulation K4M2, K100M9 and E10FP2.

scholarly journals Studies on physico-chemical and functional properties of some natural Indian gums

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Sarkar ◽  
Upali Sahu ◽  
P. K. Binsi ◽  
Natasha Nayak ◽  
George Ninan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Compressibility Index ◽  
Gum Ghatti ◽  
Karaya Gum ◽  
Water Holding

Natural gums, which have a polysaccharide backbone, are widely used in the food processing industry as binders, thickeners and texturizing agents. Although all are hydrocolloids and physico-chemical properties of various gums have been described by various workers, there appears to be lack of detailed studies on their functional properties, which show appreciable differences. The present study was carried out to determine the key functional characteristics of commercially important natural gums. These included flow, solubility, water holding capacity and oil holding capacity, angle of repose, bulk and true density, and coefficient of friction. The bulk density of various gums ranged from 0.95-1.20 g/mL, the lowest densities was that of Babool gum and the highest was of Piyar gum. The compressibility index of various gums ranged from 1 to 38.75%. Khair gum showed the highest solubility (83.65%) and Karaya gum showed the lowest solubility (60.06%). Psyllium gum showed the highest water holding capacity whereas gum Acacia showed the lowest value. Oil holding capacity of different gums varied from 114.66 to 214.66 (g oil/100 g gum). Ghatti and Piyar gums (38.13°) showed comparative decrease in angle of repose, whereas Guar gum showed an angle of repose of 39.80°.

scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablet of Repaglinide

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 415-424
Author(s):  
Eknath B Thakare ◽  
Prashant S. Malpure ◽  
Avish D. Maru ◽  
Yashpal M. More
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Compressibility Index ◽  
Buccal Tablet ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Buccal Tablets

The aim of present investigation was formulation and evaluation of mucoadhesive buccal tablet of Repaglinide to study the effect of different polymers on release profile of drug for prolonged release. In this study mucoadhesive buccal tablet were prepared by direct compression method. Various rheological characteristics of the powder bed like bulk density, compressibility index, and angle of repose were evaluated and studied. Mucoadhesive buccal tablets were compressed on a 8 station mini press using 10 mm flat faced punches and were all assessed for weight variation, hardness, thickness, percent swelling index, mucoadhesive strength and in vitro release of the drug by using USP TDT 08L dissolution testing apparatus method II using a paddle at 50 rpm. Data was optimized by using 32 full factorial design by using software named as design expert and with the help of kinetic study. The stability studies showed that there is no decrease in the drug content of all formulations for the period of 2 months. Keywords: Buccal tablet, Repaglinide, HPMC K100M, Xanthan gum.

Biopharmaceutical and Pharmacodynamic Characteri-stics of Telmisartan Oral Disintegrating Films

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 4489-4496
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kaza ◽  
Sujatha Kumari M ◽  
Kishore Babu M ◽  
Avinash A ◽  
Nagaraju R
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Forming Characteristics

This research work was aimed to develop the telmisartan fast dissolving films. Fast dissolving films allow rapid drug dissolution in the oral cavity and thereby bypass the first pass metabolism. Solid dispersions of telmisartan using natural polymers such as hupu gum (HG), guar gum (GG) and xanthan gum (XG) were prepared by kneading technique and the optimized solid dispersion was exploited in the development of rapidly dissolving film. Telmisartan films were prepared by solvent casting method using different grades of HPMC (E5, 50 cps and K4M). Six formulations (FT1-FT6) of telmisartan films were prepared and evaluated for their physical characteristics such as thickness, tensile strength, percentage elongation, weight variation, folding endurance, drug content uniformity and surface pH and gave satisfactory results. The compatibility of the drug in the formulation was confirmed by FTIR and DSC studies. The formulations were subjected to disintegration, in vitro drug release and pharmacodynamic studies on spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). Amongst the formulations of FT1-FT6, FT6 was found as best formulation which contains HPMC E5 and telmisartan solid dispersion with guar gum at weight ratio of 1:2 and showed excellent film forming characteristics such as disintegration time at 42 sec and percentage drug release 97.98% within 10 minutes. The optimized film formulation (FT6) showed excellent stability over 45 days when stored at 40°C/60% RH. The pharmacodynamic study in SHR proved that fast dissolving films of telmisartan produced a faster onset of action.    

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