scholarly journals Polymorbidity and heterogeneity of intact bone tissue in patients with malignant and metastatic bone tumors

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Ternovoy ◽  
Oleg Drobotun ◽  
Nikolay Kolotilov
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumors ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Treatment Side Effects ◽  
Intact Bone

Polymorbidity is the presence of several synchronically occurring diseases (genetically or pathogenetically related or unrelated) in one person at different stages and phases of their development, is accompanied by higher mortality rates, higher disability rates, treatment side effects, increased consumption of the patient’s body resources, lower quality of life. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the association of polymorbidity and intact bone tissues’ heterogeneity in patients with malignant and metastatic bone tumors. Material and methods. 16 patients with benign bone tumors, 25 – with primary malignant bone tumors and 22 – with metastatic bone tumors were investigated with multispiral tomography scanner: 33 (52.4 %) men and 30 (47.6 %) women aged 25 to 75 years. The control group consisted of 37 patients with suspected tumor lesions of the bones, but the diagnosis was not confirmed. To assess polymorbidity in patients, the CIRS-G system was applied. Conclusion. An increase in polymorbidity level is associated with a decrease in RGD and an increase in the texture heterogeneity of computed tomographic images of the spongy and compact bones (the pattern is reliable, P <0.01) in the series: practically healthy individuals, patients with benign tumors, patients with malignant tumors, patients with metastatic tumors.

scholarly journals Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Bone Tumors: Preliminary Results

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeliz Pekcevik ◽  
Mehmet Onur Kahya ◽  
Ahmet Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumors ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The study aims to determine whether apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) can help differentiate benign and malignant bone tumors. Materials and Methods: From January 2012 to February 2013, we prospectively included 26 patients. Of these 15 patients were male and 11 were female; ranging in age from 8 to 76 years (mean age, 34.5 years). Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was obtained with a single-shot echo-planar imaging sequence using a 1.5T MR scanner. We grouped malignant lesions as primary, secondary, and primary tumor with chondroid matrix. The minimum ADC was measured in the tumors and mean minimum ADC values were selected for statistical analysis. ADC values were compared between malignant and benign tumors using the Mann-Whitney U-test and receiver operating curve analysis were done to determine optimal cut-off values. Results: The mean ADC values from the area with lowest ADC values of benign and malignant tumors were 1.99 ± 0.57 × 10−3 mm2/s and 1.02 ± 1.0 × 10−3 mm2/s, respectively. The mean minimum ADC values of benign and malignant tumors were statistically different (P = 0.029). With cut-off value of 1.37 (10−3 mm2/s), sensitivity was 77.8% and specificity was 82.4%, for distinguishing benign and malignant lesion. Benign and secondary malignant tumors showed statistically significant difference (P = 0.002). There was some overlap in ADC values between benign and malignant tumors. The mean minimum ADC values of benign and malignant chondroid tumors were high. Giant cell tumor, non-ossifying fibroma and fibrous dysplasia showed lower ADC values. Conclusion: Although there is some overlap, ADC values of benign and malignant bone tumors seem to be different. Further studies with larger patient groups are needed to find an optimal cut-off ADC value.

PLASMA LEVELS OF THE COAGULATION FACTOR XIII IN PATIENTS WITH BONE TUMORS

2005 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 195-203
Author(s):  
Kenshi Sakayama ◽  
Teruki Kidani ◽  
Joji Miyawaki ◽  
Nozomu Tanji ◽  
Hiroyuki Tsuchiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Factor Xiii ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Coagulation Factor Xiii ◽  
Natural Time

It is well known that the coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) is deeply involved in wound healing and tissue regeneration. We measured the plasma levels of FXIII (FXIII levels) before and after surgery in 80 patients with bone tumors [benign tumors in 30 patients (BT group), malignant tumors in 30 patients (MT group), and carcinoma metastasis in 20 patients (CM group)] and in the control group which consisted of 30 patients with osteoarthritis of the hip joint who had underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA). The numbers of patients whose preoperative FXIII level was below the lower limit of normal were as follows: 0 (0%) among 30 patients in the control group; 7 (23%) among 30 patients in the BT group; 12 (40%) among 30 patients in the MT group; and 9 (45%) among 20 patients in the CM group. Among patients with bone tumors examined in this study, patients with osteosarcoma who underwent chemotherapy showed a significant decrease in FXIII levels (p < 0.01). We indicated not only FXIII levels in patients with bone tumors, but also the natural time-course of FXIII levels in patients who underwent orthpaedic surgery of THA at the first time.

scholarly journals KPNA2 expression is a potential marker for differential diagnosis between osteosarcomas and other malignant bone tumor mimickers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucen Jiang ◽  
Jianghuan Liu ◽  
Qingzhu Wei ◽  
Yiyang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumor ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumor ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumors ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Tumors Of Bone ◽  
Bone Sarcomas ◽  
Malignant And Benign Tumors

Abstract Background Karyopherin α 2 (KPNA2), a member of the Karyopherin α family, has been observed in several cancers but lack substantial investigation in malignant bone tumors. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate KPNA2 expression level and its utility as a novel diagnostic biomarker in osteosarcomas and their malignant bone tumor mimickers, such as chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas.Method We investigated the expression of KPNA2 protein by immunohistochemistry on paraffin embedded surgical specimens from 217 patients with malignant and benign tumors of bone, including 81 osteosarcomas, 42 chondrosarcomas, 9 Ewing sarcomas, 28 osteoid osteoma, 20 osteochondroma and 37 Chondroblastoma. Immunoreactivity was scored semi quantitatively based on stain extent and intensity.Results Seventy one of 81 (87.7%) osteosarcomas, zero of 42 (0%) chondrosarcomas and one of 9 (11.1%) Ewing sarcomas showed immunoreactivity for KPNA2. Negative KPNA2 expression was observed in all of benign bone tumors. Much more positive expression of KPNA2 was found in osteosarcomas as compared with chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas. The sensitivity and specificity of KPNA2 immuno-expression for osteosarcoma was 87.7% and 100%, respectively. In several subtypes of osteosarcomas, immunohistochemical expression of KNA2 was more frequent in osteoblastic (94.5%), with 39 (70.9%) showing strong-intensity staining. KPNA2 positivity was observed in eleven of 13 (84.6%) chondroblastic, three of 6 (50%) fibroblastic, three of 4 (75%) telangiectatic and two of 3 (66.7%) giant cell-rich osteosarcoma. Stronger-intensity staining was observed in osteoblastic osteosarcoma.Conclusion KPNA2 is most frequently expressed in osteosarcomas, particularly in osteoblastic and chondroblastic tumors, but is rarely positive in chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas. This feature may have diagnostic value since it is very useful for distinguishing between osteosarcomas and other bone sarcomas mimickers. This report supports KPNA2 as a novel marker for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma.

scholarly journals THE RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF BONE CYSTS AND BONE TUMORS IN CHILDREN

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-269
Author(s):  
A.. E Solovyov ◽  
O. V. Laricheva
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Bone Cysts ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Maximum Period ◽  
Surgical Tactics

This article presents the results of observation (maximum period 5 years) of 249 children with bone cysts and bone tumors, of these, 20,1% of children were diagnosed with aneurysmal cysts, 74,3% - of benign tumors and 5,6% - of malignant tumors. It was shown that a differentiated approach in the treatment of children with bone cysts and benign bone tumors, including conservative events and radical surgical tactics with the use of bioimpendance «Tutoplast R» and allografts, allows to obtain good and satisfactory results in 64,0% of the cases. However, the results of treatment of children with osteosarcoma at the present time remain unsatisfactory: the 5-year relapse-free survival was only 6 of 14 cases, recurrence of the disease in 5 cases, fatal in 8 cases. According to the authors, to im prove the results of treatment in this group of patients, it is necessary to improve cancer alertness of general practitioners and the use of combined modern treatment programs at specialized medical institutions in all these patients.

Sulfatides in ovarian tumors: clinicopathological correlates

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Makhlouf ◽  
M. M. Fathalla ◽  
M. A. Zakhary ◽  
M. H. Makarem
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy ◽  
Advanced Stages

ObjectivesTo investigate the expression of sulfatides in the tissue homogenates of malignant ovarian tumors, benign ovarian tumors, and control tissues and to study the relation between this marker and other clinico-pathological criteria such as the tumor type, grade of differentiation, surgical stage and ovulatory years.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Biochemistry, Assuit university hospital.SubjectsForty-six patients had malignant ovarian tumors. Sixteen patients had benign ovarian neoplasm. Thirty patients, with normal ovaries, represented the control group.MethodsA sample of the tumor or from the normal ovary (the control group) was sent for histopathological and biochemical examination. Sulfatides were measured by a rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method.ResultsThere was a significant rise in benign tumors [median and range 43 (38–53)], than in the control group, 21 (18–31), P-value = 0.000. In malignant tumors, the median value of sulfatides was significantly higher than in benign tumors [127 (71–193), P-value = 0.000]. Sulfatides were significantly higher in patients with more ovulatory years and tumors of advanced stages (stage III/IV) and poor differentiation.ConclusionsSulfatides may play a role in the pathogenesis of benign and malignant ovarian tumors. It may also predict advanced stages in patients who are apparently early stage. It is also a candidate to study of their association with response to chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Body image, self-esteem, and quality of life in patients with primary malignant bone tumors

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas A. Holzer ◽  
Nicolas Huyer ◽  
Jörg Friesenbichler ◽  
Andreas Leithner
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumors

scholarly journals Malignant Versus Benign Tumors of the Sinonasal Cavity: A Case-Control Study on Occupational Etiology

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Emanuelli ◽  
Vera Comiati ◽  
Diego Cazzador ◽  
Gloria Schiavo ◽  
Enrico Alexandre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Increased Risk

Case-control studies on malignant sinonasal tumors and occupational risk factors are generally weakened by non-occupational confounders and the selection of suitable controls. This study aimed to confirm the association between sinonasal malignant tumors and patients’ occupations with consideration for sinonasal inverted papillomas (SNIPs) as a control group. Thirty-two patients affected by adenocarcinoma (ADC) and 21 non-adenocarcinoma epithelial tumors (NAETs) were compared to 65 patients diagnosed with SNIPs. All patients were recruited in the same clinical setting between 2004 and 2016. A questionnaire was used to collect information on non-occupational factors (age, sex, smoking, allergies, and chronic sinusitis) and occupations (wood- and leather-related occupations, textile industry, metal working). Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) associated with selected occupations were obtained by a multinomial and exact logistic regression. Between the three groups of patients, SNIP patients were significantly younger than ADC patients (p = 0.026). The risk of NAET increased in woodworkers (OR = 9.42; CI = 1.94–45.6) and metal workers (OR = 5.65; CI = 1.12–28.6). The risk of ADC increased in wood (OR = 86.3; CI = 15.2–488) and leather workers (OR = 119.4; CI = 11.3–1258). On the exact logistic regression, the OR associated to the textile industry was 9.32 (95%CI = 1.10–Inf) for ADC, and 7.21 (95%CI = 0.55–Inf) for NAET. Comparing sinonasal malignant tumors with controls recruited from the same clinical setting allowed demonstrating an increased risk associated with multiple occupations. Well-matched samples of cases and controls reduced the confounding bias and increased the strength of the association.

scholarly journals The Lodwick classification for grading growth rate of lytic bone tumors: a decision tree approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Benndorf ◽  
Fabian Bamberg ◽  
Pia M. Jungmann
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Tree Approach ◽  
Lodwick Classification

AbstractThe estimation of growth rate of lytic bone tumors based on conventional radiography has been extensively studied. While benign tumors exhibit slow growth, malignant tumors are more likely to show fast growth. The most frequently used algorithm for grading of growth rate on conventional radiography was published by Gwilym Lodwick. Based on the evaluation of the four descriptors (1) type of bone destruction (including the subdescriptor “margin” for geographic lesions), (2) penetration of cortex, (3) presence of a sclerotic rim, and (4) expanded shell, an overall growth grade (IA, IB, IC, II, III) can be assigned, with higher grade representing faster tumor growth. In this article, we provide an easy-to-use decision tree of Lodwick’s original grading algorithm, suitable for teaching of students and residents. Subtleties of the grading algorithm and potential pitfalls in clinical practice are explained and illustrated. Exemplary conventional radiographs provided for each descriptor in the decision tree may be used as a guide and atlas for assisting in evaluation of individual features in daily clinical practice.

scholarly journals Pelvic Chondrosarcoma - Therapeutic Options (Literature Review)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
R. Popescu ◽  
Șt. Cuculici ◽  
Șt. Cristea
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Functional Result ◽  
Radical Surgery ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumors ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
Primary Bone Tumor ◽  
Primary Bone ◽  
Radiotherapy Resistance ◽  
Pelvic Resection

Abstract Chondrosarcoma is a mesenchymal malignant tumor (primary or secondary) which is characterized by a cartilaginous mass formed out of neoplastic cells. It is one of the most frequent malignant bone tumors (after multiple myeloma and osteosarcoma), affecting more males than females (Ratio M:F=2:1). It appears with predilection in the pelvis and long bones - mainly the proximal portion of the humerus and femur. It is a unique primary bone tumor through its chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance, the only effective treatment being the surgical one. As far as the pelvis is concerned, it is important to determine the location, the dimension, and the relation with the nearby structures of the tumor, in order to establish if it is possible to do a complete excision of the tumor and adapt the subsequent reconstruction of the pelvis. In the excisions of the pelvic chondrosarcoma, the choices are conservatory surgery (limb saving) and the radical surgery (conventional pelvic resection). The oncological resection is the primary goal, but the functional result and the patient’s quality of life are also very important.

scholarly journals Isolated chemoperfusion of the lung and pleura as a method of treatment in children with common forms of solid bone tumors

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
E. V. Levchenko ◽  
E. D. Gumbatova ◽  
S. A. Kuleva ◽  
K. Yu. Senchik ◽  
O. Yu. Mamontov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Systemic Exposure ◽  
Parietal Pleura ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumors ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Isolated Lung

Introduction. Therapy of malignant tumors is one of the most important problems of modern pediatric oncology. The presence of distant metastases is considered as the main sign of generalization of the tumor process. In order to improve the results of treatment of these patients, we proposed to supplement cytoreductive surgery with intraoperative isolated chemoperfusion of the lung and/or pleura with cytostatic. The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of metastasectomy combined with isolated lung/pleura chemoperfusion (ILCP/PCP) under conditions of hyperoxia in children. Materials and methods. For 10 years of research (2008–2018) on the basis of the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology produced 45 ILCP and PCP in 30 patients with intrapulmonary and intrapleural metastases of various malignant bone tumors. The ILCP method is a surgical procedure, during which the lung is temporarily switched off from the circulation and perfused with modified saline containing high concentrations of an antitumor drug (melphalan or cisplatin), which allows delivery of high doses of cytostatics while avoiding systemic exposure to the drug. In cases of detection of metastatic lesions of the parietal pleura after metastasectomy, PCP was performed, consisting in drainage of the pleural cavity and intraoperatively conducting, after suturing the surgical wound, hyperthermic (42 o С) chemoperfusion of the pleural cavity with a cisplatin solution for 2 hours. Results. In children with malignant bone tumors, 37 isolated chemoperfusions with cisplatin and 8 with melphalan were performed. In 27 patients, 36 ILCP were performed, in 7 patients – 9 PCP. Nine (20 %) patients underwent bilateral perfusion with an interval from 1.5 to 31 months. There were no lethal outcomes during operations and in the postoperative period. The average duration of surgical interventions was 270 ± 90 (120–520) minutes. The number of remote foci – from 1 to 56 (average value – 9). The average blood loss was 300 ± 200 (150–1000) ml. The mean follow-up was 45 months; median overall survival – 38 months; 3-year overall survival – 65.5 ± 9.4 %. Survival without progression – 40.5 ± 10.5 % (n = 30). Conclusions. ILCP/PCP with cytostatics is a method of complex therapy that can improve the quality and increase the life expectancy of patients, especially with the exhausted possibility of other treatment options.

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