Determination of Polyphenol and Flavonoid Profiles and Testing the Antibacterial Effect of Acanthus longifolius Comparative with Vaccinium myrtillus

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1419-1422
Author(s):  
Renata Maria Varut ◽  
Luciana Teodora Rotaru
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Vaccinium Myrtillus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

From our research we noticed that Acanthi balcanici herba (ABH) contains luteolin and quercetol and Myrtillus fructus (M-fr) contains chlorogenic acid, apigenol and rutoside. ABH has no antibacterial effect on any species tested, completely cancel the therapeutic effect of three drugs (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, levofloxacin, amikacin) and have no significant effect on the other two antibiotics (cefotaxime and ceftazidime) when they are associated. All bacterial species were sensitive to M-fr and the extract has synergistic effect in combination with levoflaxacin, amikacin and cefotaxime.

GC-MS, HPLC, TLC of Dorycnium herbaceum Tincture Species and Synergistic / Antagonist Effect Testing in Combination with Antibiotics

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Maria Varut ◽  
Luciana Teodora Rotaru
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Antagonist Effect

The study objectives were to determine the chemical composition and the synergistic / antagonistic effect of the association between hydroalcoholic extract from the Dorycnii pentaphylli herba (DPH) and the antibiotics of choice, on five reference strains. The tincture contains flavonoids and polyphenol carboxylic acids in low concentrations. DPH has an antagonistic effect on three of the drugs tested (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, levofloxacin, amikacin), the therapeutic effect being completely canceled and has no significant effect on two of them (ceftazidime, cefotaxime).

Isolation and Characterization of a Chlorogenic Acid Esterase from Aspergillus niger

1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Schöbel ◽  
W. Pollmann
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Hydrolysis Product ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temperature Optimum ◽  
Pig Liver ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Abstract The isolation and characterization of a specific chlorogenic acid esterase is described. The enzyme activity is measured by determination of the hydrolysis product caffeic acid. The enzyme had been concentrated by means of ultrafiltration and column-chromatography. The pH- and temperature optimum were 6.5 and 45 °C respectively. Divalent cations were not required for the enzyme activity. As other esterases, this enzyme is inhibited by di-isopropyl-phosphorofluoridate. The Km-value is 0.70 mᴍ chlorogenic acid, the molecular weight 240000. The described enzyme is specific for chlorogenic acid. On the other hand a typical unspecific esterase like the pig liver esterases does not split chloro­genic acid. The isoelectric focusing reveals several isoenzymes of chlorogenase within a pI-range of 4.0-4.5.

scholarly journals The Antistaphylococcal Activity of Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid, Gentamicin, and 1,8-Cineole Alone or in Combination and Their Efficacy through a Rabbit Model of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Osteomyelitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soukayna Hriouech ◽  
Ahmed A. Akhmouch ◽  
Aouatef Mzabi ◽  
Hanane Chefchaou ◽  
Mariam Tanghort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antistaphylococcal Activity ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

The aim of this research paper is to test the antistaphylococcal effect of 1,8-cineole, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC), and gentamicin, either separately or in combination against three Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patients suffering from osteomyelitis. This activity was tested in vitro by using the microdilution method and the checkerboard assay. The efficacy of these three antibacterial agents was then tested in vivo by using an experimental model of methicillin-resistant S. aureus osteomyelitis in rabbits. This efficacy was assessed after four days of treatment by counting the number of bacteria in the bone marrow. The obtained results in vitro showed that the combination of the AMC with gentamicin did not induce a synergistic effect, whereas the combination of the two antibiotics with 1,8-cineole did. This effect is stronger when AMC is combined with 1,8-cineole as a total synergistic effect was obtained on the three strains used (FIC ≤ 0.5). In vivo, a significant reduction was noted in the number of colonies in the bone marrow when rabbits were treated with AMC associated with either 1,8-cineole or gentamicin compared to rabbits treated with AMC, gentamicin, or 1,8-cineole alone. These results demonstrated that 1,8-cineole showed a synergistic effect in combination with both AMC and gentamicin, which offer possibilities for reducing antibiotic usage. Also, the AMC associated with 1,8-cineole could be used to treat MRSA osteomyelitis.

scholarly journals Microbial Ecology of Decontaminated and Not Decontaminated Beef Carcasses

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianqin Yang ◽  
Frances Tran ◽  
Taylor Wolters
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Plant ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
Brochothrix Thermosphacta ◽  
Packaged Beef ◽  
Antimicrobial Interventions ◽  
Spoilage Microflora

The objective of this study was to investigate spoilage microflora of decontaminated and not decontaminated beef carcasses. Carcasses after skinning and after chilling at two beef plants (A, a small plant where no interventions but dry chilling are used; B, a large plant where multiple antimicrobial interventions and spray chilling are used) were swab-sampled for determination of carcass microflora. The numbers of aerobes, Pseudomonas, Brochothrix thermosphacta, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and Enterobacteriaceae (EB) on carcasses at plant A after skinning were 5.2, 3.7, 2.8, 3.9, and 1.6 log cfu 15,000 cm-2 and they were not significantly different (p>0.05) from those on carcasses at plant B at equivalent times. The numbers of EB were significantly lower (p<0.05) on carcasses after chilling at both plants. However, no difference was observed for the other four groups of microorganisms (p>0.05). At plant A, the microflora on carcasses after skinning and after chilling included 18 and 19 bacterial species, with Psychrobacter (30.9%) and Psychrobacter (42.9%) being the respective predominant genus, respectively. At plant B, the microflora after skinning and after chilling included 21 and 17 bacterial species, with Chryseobacterium (18.6%), Kocuria (18.6%) and Brevibacterium (18.6%), and Pseudomonas (33.3%) being the respective predominant genera. The spoilage microflora of decontaminated beef carcasses is similar in numbers to that of conventionally produced carcasses, suggesting the decontamination treatments for beef carcasses may not cause major difference in storage life of chilled vacuum packaged beef, the major form of beef for international and domestic trading in North America.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in Slaughter Pigs in Latvia

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1335-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARGARITA TERENTJEVA ◽  
AIVARS BĒRZIŅŠ
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Slaughter Pigs ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

The prevalence of Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was determined in slaughter pigs from 47 farms in Latvia. Tonsils from 404 pigs representing farms from four geographical areas (Kurzeme, Latgale, Vidzeme, and Zemgale) were collected at slaughter in 2007 and 2008. The prevalences of Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis were 35 and 3%, respectively. All Y. enterocolitica isolates belonged to bioserotype 4/O:3. Y. enterocolitica was recovered from 35 of 47 pig farms, and Y. pseudotuberculosis was found on 6 farms. The prevalence of Yersinia was highest in Latgale (90%) followed by Kurzeme (39%), Zemgale (33%), and Vidzeme (21%). Y. enterocolitica 4/O:3 was sensitive to amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, aztreonam, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim, and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole and resistant to ampicillin, cephalothin, erythromycin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline. Y. pseudotuberculosis exhibited resistance to erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole but not to the other antimicrobial agents tested. The results of this study are a valuable starting point for monitoring the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Yersinia in pigs in Latvia.

scholarly journals Bacterial Examination of Wild and Cultured Fish Present in the Same Aquatic Ecosystem, and the Antibiotic Resistance of the Isolated Bacteria

10.4194/ga385 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Bingöl ◽  
Akif Er ◽  
Zeynep Zehra İpek ◽  
Şevki Kayış
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Yersinia Ruckeri ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Aeromonas Sobria ◽  
Cultured Fish ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

This study investigated the bacteria present in natural and cultured fish species from the same aquatic system, and difference of their antibiotic resistance. A total of 129 fish, Georgian shemaya (Alburnus derjugini), black sea salmon (Salmo labrax) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), were sampled on a monthly basis between the months of October 2016 and September 2017 in Kürtün Dam Lake. A total of 41 bacterial isolates were isolated from the fishes. The bacterial species were identified by molecular methods (PCR) using universal primers for bacteria. Acinetobacter lwoffii, Acinetobacter sp., Aeromonas sobria, and Pseudomonas sp. were isolated from both wild and cultured fish. Yersinia ruckeri was isolated from cultured fish, which showed severe mortality rate and typical symptoms. Various antibiotics including ampicillin (AMP10µg), gentamicin (CN10 µg), oxytetracycline (T30 µg), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC10µg), enrofloxacin (ENR5µg), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazol (TMP-SMZ25µg), florfenicol (FFC30µg), sulfamethoxazol (SMZ25µg) and erythromycin (E15µg) were used for determination of the bacterial resistances. The highest resistances were determined against ampicillin (56%), sulfamethoxazol (46.3%) and oxytetracycline (34.1) in all bacterial isolates. While the bacteria isolated from wild fish did not show resistance to enrofloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, those from cultured fish did not show resistance to gentamicin and erythromycin.

scholarly journals The role of raman spectrometry in determining the sensitivity of the causes of chronic tonzillitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Burenkov
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Chronic Tonsillitis ◽  
Raman Spectrometry ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

Purpose of work. To study the sensitivity of pathogens of chronic tonsillitis to the combination of antibiotics amoxicillin + clavulanic acid using Raman spectroscopy.Materials and methods. The study involved 117 patients (all men) in the period of exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis, who were prescribed amoxicillin / clavulanic acid for its relief according to the standard scheme. Determination of the sensitivity of the microflora of the tonsils was carried out using the method of Raman spectroscopy. The principle of the method was to determine the irradiation of microflora in samples under the action of an antibiotic by the presence of products of microbial metabolism in it.Results. Clinical analysis of the results of the treatment in this group of patients showed that 96 of them (82 %) had a quick clinical effect. In 13 patients (11.1 %), it was necessary to increase the duration of taking the antibiotic by an average of 3-5 days, and in 8 patients, to eliminate the exacerbation, the appointment of a second antibiotic was required.Conclusions. The results obtained make it possible to recommend the Raman spectroscopy method for determining the sensitivity of microflora to antibiotics, as highly informative in clinical practice.

Determination of the lattice translation across {110} APBs in GaAs

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
D.R. Rasmussen ◽  
N.-H. Cho ◽  
C.B. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Antiphase Boundary ◽  
The Other ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Interface Plane ◽  
Inversion Symmetry ◽  
High Angle ◽  
Equilibrium Distance

Domains in GaAs can exist which are related to one another by the inversion symmetry, i.e., the sites of gallium and arsenic in one domain are interchanged in the other domain. The boundary between these two different domains is known as an antiphase boundary [1], In the terminology used to describe grain boundaries, the grains on either side of this boundary can be regarded as being Σ=1-related. For the {110} interface plane, in particular, there are equal numbers of GaGa and As-As anti-site bonds across the interface. The equilibrium distance between two atoms of the same kind crossing the boundary is expected to be different from the length of normal GaAs bonds in the bulk. Therefore, the relative position of each grain on either side of an APB may be translated such that the boundary can have a lower energy situation. This translation does not affect the perfect Σ=1 coincidence site relationship. Such a lattice translation is expected for all high-angle grain boundaries as a way of relaxation of the boundary structure.

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