scholarly journals Chitosan of Peppery Milky Cap Fungi (Lactarius Pergamenus (Fr.) Fr): Isolation, Study of Physico-Chemical Properties and Biological Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 230-241
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Antonyuk ◽  
Lidiya Panchak ◽  
Nazar Manko ◽  
Rostislav Stoika
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Average Molecular Mass ◽  
Hek 293 ◽  
Degree Of Deacetylation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Lower Molecular Mass ◽  
Human Breast Carcinoma Cells

Chitosan is widely used in biology and medicine. Usually, it is isolated from chitin of crustaceans, while chitosan of the basidiomycetes fungi is poorly studied. The purpose of this study was: 1) to develop a method for isolation of chitosan from dried pomace of the peppery milky cap (Lactarius pergamenus); 2) to study of physico-chemical and biological properties of the isolated chitosan. As tradicionally, chitosan was obtained by the alkaline hydrolysis of chitin. The determination of its molecular mass was performed using the viscometric method and further analyzed by disk electrophoresis (pH 5.0). The anti-microbial and cytotoxic activities were measured spectrophoto�metrically as a convertion of MTT dye to formazan, while the antifungal activity was evaluated using by counting colony-forming units (CFU). Chitosan of L. pergamenus fungi was shown to have lower molecular mass and a lower degree of deacetylation compared to shrimp chitosan. A yield of chitosan from a pomace of L. pergamenus was 6.27%. A heterogeneous product was obtained with an average molecular mass of 72 kDa and a degree of deacetylation equal - 87.1%. In 10 mg/ml dose, it inhibited by 29% the growth of gram-positive of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923) bacteria and inhibited growth of gram-negative Echerichia coli dH5a - by 86% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC9027) bacteria by 55%. Approximately 50 and 90 % of Candida albicans (pat.) cells were killed at the action of chitosan in doses of 0.025 mg/mL and 0.1 mg/mL correspondingly. It should be noted that this chitosan preparation did not affect a growth of human embryonic kidney pseudonormal cells of HEK 293 line and human breast carcinoma cells of MCF7 line.

Chitosan-Nanocellulose Composites for Regenerative Medicine Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (28) ◽  
pp. 4584-4592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avik Khan ◽  
Baobin Wang ◽  
Yonghao Ni
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Structure Property Relationship ◽  
Attractive Candidate ◽  
Fundamental Understanding

Regenerative medicine represents an emerging multidisciplinary field that brings together engineering methods and complexity of life sciences into a unified fundamental understanding of structure-property relationship in micro/nano environment to develop the next generation of scaffolds and hydrogels to restore or improve tissue functions. Chitosan has several unique physico-chemical properties that make it a highly desirable polysaccharide for various applications such as, biomedical, food, nutraceutical, agriculture, packaging, coating, etc. However, the utilization of chitosan in regenerative medicine is often limited due to its inadequate mechanical, barrier and thermal properties. Cellulosic nanomaterials (CNs), owing to their exceptional mechanical strength, ease of chemical modification, biocompatibility and favorable interaction with chitosan, represent an attractive candidate for the fabrication of chitosan/ CNs scaffolds and hydrogels. The unique mechanical and biological properties of the chitosan/CNs bio-nanocomposite make them a material of choice for the development of next generation bio-scaffolds and hydrogels for regenerative medicine applications. In this review, we have summarized the preparation method, mechanical properties, morphology, cytotoxicity/ biocompatibility of chitosan/CNs nanocomposites for regenerative medicine applications, which comprises tissue engineering and wound dressing applications.

scholarly journals Synthesis, physico-chemical properties of 3-thio and 3-thio -4-amino derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-44
Author(s):  
V. V. Parchenko
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Triazole Derivatives ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Amino Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

Modern medicine and pharmacy has at its disposal highly efficient synthetic drugs. Large extent of these drugs accounted for derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole. The purpose of the work was an attempt to summarize the literature in recent years related to the methods of synthesis and study of physico-chemical properties 3-thio- and 3-thio-4-amino derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole. Studies national scientists in recent years indicates prospects of the search in this direction, since this class of organic compounds is interest not only to scientists pharmaceutical, medical and veterinary field, but also among researchers of engineering, metallurgical and agricultural areas. 1,2,4-triazole derivatives are also widely used in practice for optical materials, photosensitizers are used as coloring agents, antioxidants, additives for fuels and oils, some of which are widely used as corrosion inhibitors for controlling various pests in agriculture. In addition, 1,2,4-triazole derivatives belong to the class low toxic or essentially non-toxic substances. The presence of a growing number of publications about methods of synthesis, reactions, physico-chemical and biological properties of 1,2,4-triazole, inspires scientists around the world search for perspective molecules of substituted 1,2,4-triazole. It should be noted that in spite of a sufficient amount of information about the derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole, some issues related to the generalization of data in the literature synthesis presented insufficient.

In vitro elucidation of suppression effects of composts to soil-borne pathogen Phytophthora nicotianae on pepper plants using 16S amplicon sequencing and metaproteomics

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Ros ◽  
Josefa Blaya ◽  
Petr Baldrian ◽  
Felipe Bastida ◽  
Hans H Richnow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Inorganic Ion ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Phylogenetic Level ◽  
Pepper Plants

AbstractCompost production is a critical component of organic waste management. One of the most important properties of compost is its ability to suppress soil-borne pathogens such as Phytophthora nicotianae in pepper plants. Both the physico-chemical and biological properties of composts can be responsible for the suppression of pathogens, although biological properties are the main driver. In this study, we analyzed composts with various levels of suppressiveness against P. nicotianae. We analyzed both physico-chemical properties like pH and electrical conductivity and biological properties like microbial activity, amplicon sequencing and metaproteomics. We believed that the link between community structures and proteins could provide deep insights into the mechanism of compost suppressiveness. Our results indicate that there are differences between suppressive and non-suppressive composts at the phylogenetic level (sequencing) and at the functional level (based on analysis of the cluster of orthologous groups, COGs). The proteins identified were assigned to the carbohydrate process, cell wall structure and inorganic ion transport and metabolism. Proteobacteria could also be new indicators of P. nicotianae suppression.

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