Analisis Faktor Perilaku Lansia Dengan Penyakit Kronis Berdasarkan Health Belief Model Di Puskesmas

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Ellia Ariesti ◽  
Felisitas A. Sri S ◽  
Elizabeth Y. Y. Vinsur ◽  
Kristianto D. N
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Belief Model

ABSTRAK Proses menua sering dikaitkan dengan insiden penyakit kronik seiring dengan penurunan kondisi fisik, psikologis, maupun sosial serta berkurangnya daya tahan tubuh dalam menghadapi pengaruh luar dari ketahanan tubuhnya. Banyak permasalahan timbul dari kondisi kronis di lansia karena meningkatnya jumlah lansia. Pengontrolan maupun pencegahan menuju kondisi lebih parah dapat dilakukan melalui gaya hidup sehat. Salah satu model yang dikembangkan untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tindakan seseorang untuk mencari upaya hidup sehat adalah model kepercayaan kesehatan atau Health Belief Model. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku lansia dengan penyakit kronis dalam mengatasi penyakitnya berdasarkan Health Belief Model di Puskesmas. Jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah lansia yang mengalami penyakit kronis di Puskesmas Bareng Kota Malang. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 76 responden. Hasil analisis menggunakan uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa variabel perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers yang berhubungan dengan perilaku lansia (p<0.05). Hasil model akhir analisis multivariat, variabel perceived barriers merupakan variabel yang berhubungan dengan perilaku lansia yang menderita penyakit kronis. Dukungan individu lain terhadap lansia mulai dari mereka yang tinggal bersama maupun oleh aparat penduduk setempat untuk meminimalkan atau menghilangkan rintangan mesti dilakukan agar kualitas hidup lansia dengan penyakit kronis dapat optimal. Kata Kunci       : Health Belief Model, Penyakit Kronis, Perilaku Lansia

Analisis Faktor Perilaku Lansia Dengan Penyakit Kronis Berdasarkan Health Belief Model Di Puskesmas

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Ellia Ariesti ◽  
Felisitas A. Sri S ◽  
Elizabeth Y. Y. Vinsur ◽  
Kristianto D. N
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Belief Model

ABSTRAK Proses menua sering dikaitkan dengan insiden penyakit kronik seiring dengan penurunan kondisi fisik, psikologis, maupun sosial serta berkurangnya daya tahan tubuh dalam menghadapi pengaruh luar dari ketahanan tubuhnya. Banyak permasalahan timbul dari kondisi kronis di lansia karena meningkatnya jumlah lansia. Pengontrolan maupun pencegahan menuju kondisi lebih parah dapat dilakukan melalui gaya hidup sehat. Salah satu model yang dikembangkan untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tindakan seseorang untuk mencari upaya hidup sehat adalah model kepercayaan kesehatan atau Health Belief Model. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku lansia dengan penyakit kronis dalam mengatasi penyakitnya berdasarkan Health Belief Model di Puskesmas. Jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah lansia yang mengalami penyakit kronis di Puskesmas Bareng Kota Malang. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 76 responden. Hasil analisis menggunakan uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa variabel perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers yang berhubungan dengan perilaku lansia (p<0.05). Hasil model akhir analisis multivariat, variabel perceived barriers merupakan variabel yang berhubungan dengan perilaku lansia yang menderita penyakit kronis. Dukungan individu lain terhadap lansia mulai dari mereka yang tinggal bersama maupun oleh aparat penduduk setempat untuk meminimalkan atau menghilangkan rintangan mesti dilakukan agar kualitas hidup lansia dengan penyakit kronis dapat optimal. Kata Kunci       : Health Belief Model, Penyakit Kronis, Perilaku Lansia

scholarly journals Analisis Pengaruh Persepsi Ibu Terhadap Perilaku Gaya Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Berdasarkan Health Belief Model di Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Minarni Wartiningsih ◽  
Danoe Soesanto ◽  
Hanna Tabita Hasianna Silitonga ◽  
Gianina Angelia Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Perceived Benefit ◽  
Cues To Action ◽  
Belief Model

Di Surabaya pada tahun 2017, Incidence penyakit diare sebesar 76,602 kasus yang sebelumnya sebanyak 77,617 suspek kasus (98,69%). Kota Surabaya memiliki 63 Puskesmas dan dari tahun 2016 hingga tahun 2018, terdapat 12 Puskesmas yang  inciden penyakit diare pada balita meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh persepsi ibu yang mengasuh balita terhadap perilaku gaya hidup bersih dan sehat berdasarkan Health Belief Model. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Terdapat 120 ibu yang mengasuh balitanya dari 12 Puskesmas ikut terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Responden mengisi kuesioner tentang karakteristik, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, cues to action and perilaku gaya hidup sehat. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei tahun 2019. Analisis variabel dilakukan dengan uji analisis bivariat dengan regresi binomial. Karakteristik responden yang terdiri dari (usia, tingkat pendidikan dan tingkat sosio ekonomi) pada penelitian ini berpengaruh terhadap perceived susceptibility, perceived severity and perceived benefits. Perceived susceptibility dan perceived severity berpengaruh terhadap perceived barriers, tingkat pendidikan juga berpengaruh terhadap perceived benefits. Cues to action berpengaruh terhadap perceived barriers dan perceived barrier dan perceived benefits berpengaruh terhadap perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat. Kata kunci: Diare, Persepsi, Health Believe Models, PHBS

scholarly journals Health Belief Model Factors to Medication Adherence among Hypertensive Patients in Punti Kayu Public Health Center Palembang, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Dewi Rury Arindari ◽  
Dessy Suswitha
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
The World ◽  
Belief Model

Introduction: Health Belief Model is one of the factors that influence medication adherence. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified medication adherence as the primary indication of treatments effectiveness for hypertensive patients. The number of medication adherence on people with hypertension is decreasing in the world, including Indonesia. Objective: The aims of this paper was to examine the relationship between perceived susceptibility to develop the complications of hypertension, perceived severity of hypertension complications, perceived benefits of medication adherence, perceived barriers to medication adherence and medication adherence. Result: There were significant statistically relationships between perceived susceptibility to develop the complications of hypertension, perceived severity of hypertension complications, perceived benefits of medication adherence, perceived barriers to medication adherence and medication adherence. Discusion: The patients who have high perceptions about susceptibility to develop the hypertension complication, severity of the complications of hypertension, the benefit of medication adherence, reduce barriers to medication adherence more likely adhering to their medications.

scholarly journals TINDAKAN PENCEGAHAN KARIES GIGI PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR BERDASARKAN TEORI HEALTH BELIEF MODEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Lidia Septianingtias Setiari ◽  
Muji Sulistyowati
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Caries Prevention ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Belief Model

Dental caries is one of the serious health problem in school age children. The maintenance of dental and oral health need to be done early in the prevention of dental caries. This study was conducted to analyze  the application of Health Belief Model theory on dental caries prevention  in elementary school students. This research was quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. Sample were fifth grade student at SDN Kedurus 1 Surabaya amount to 53 students and taken by simple random sampling. The independent variable were perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy and cues to action. The dependent variable of this study was action in the prevention of dental caries. Quantitative data was analyzed using Spearman correlation test and logistic regression. The respondent action to prevent dental caries was good. There was a correlation between perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy and cues to action with action in preventing dental caries. This research concluded that perceived susceptibility was the most influencing factor in preventing dental caries. It was suggested to increase the effort of  promotive and preventive in school so that the students can more diligent in doing dental caries prevention action. Keyword: health belief model, dental caries, behavior of students

scholarly journals GAMBARAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN PENULARAN CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) DENGAN PENDEKATAN HEALTH BELIEF MODEL PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH ANGKATAN 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Juwita Sahputri ◽  
Rizka Sofia
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Belief Model

Covid-19 saat ini merupakan masalah kesehatan diseluruh belahan dunia dengan jumlah kasus terkonfirmasi positif dan jumlah kematian yang terus meningkat. WHO telah metapkan Covid-19 sebagai kejadian pandemi. Tingginya kasus Covid-19 ini berhubungan dengan persepsi individu terhadap suatu penyakit yang akan membentuk perilaku pencegahan penularan Covid-19 sesuai dengan peraturan pemerintah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku pencegahan penularan terhadap Covid-19 pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran FK Unimal angkatan 2017 berdasarkan Health Belief Model. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, menggunakan metode cross sectional dengan total sampling sebanyak 86 responden. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 65,1% responden memiliki perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 pada kategori cukup baik. persepsi kerentanan (perceived susceptible) dengan kategori baik sebanyak 28 responden (32,6%) dan kategori cukup baik sebanyak 58 responden (67,4%). Persepsi keparahan (perceived severity) kategori baik sebanyak 35 responden (40,7%) dan cukup baik 51 responden (59,3%). Persepsi hambatan (perceived barriers) kategori baik sebanyak 17 responden (19,8%) dan cukup baik 69 responden (80,2%). persepsi manfaat (perceived benefits) didapatkan kategori baik sebanyak 45 responden (52,3%), cukup baik 39 responden (45,3%) dan kurang baik 2 responden (2,3 %). Pada persepsi isyarat untuk bertindak (cue to action) didapatkan kategori baik sebanyak 47 responden (54,7%) dan cukup baik 39 responden (45,3%). Kesimpulannya persepsi HBM dan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 responden pada kategori cukup baik. 

scholarly journals Faktor pendorong pemanfaatan layanan Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) oleh lelaki suka dengan lelaki (LSL) di LSM gaya nusantara

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Niken Ariska Prawesti ◽  
Purwaningsih Purwaningsih ◽  
Ni Ketut Alit Armini
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Voluntary Counseling ◽  
Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
Perceived Seriousness ◽  
Belief Model

Abtract: Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) is one of the government programs to prevent trans- mission of HIV/AIDS must done by Men Sex With Men (MSM). But there are still MSM who have not utilized VCT services. This study was aimed to analyze of the factors correlating with utilization VCT in MSM based on Health Belief Model at Surabaya region. Design used analytic with cross-sectional ap- proach. The 43 samples were chosen by purposive sampling. The independent variabels were perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action. The de- pendent variabel was utilization VCT. Data were collected by using questonnaire and alayzed by chi square test. Results showed that perceived seriousness had correlation with VCT utilization (p=0,035), perceived seriousness had correlation with VCT utilization (p=0,039), perceived benefits had correlation with VCT utilization (p=0,019), perceived barrier had correlation with VCT utilization (p=0,008) and cues to action (p=0,037) had correlation with VCT utilization. Some factors in health belief model have a correlation with VCT utilization by MSM. It is recommended to officer GAYa Nusantara Civil Society Organizations to give adequate information frequently to the high risk people of HIV/AIDS.Keyword: VCT, utilization, MSM, health belief modelAbstrak: Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) adalah suatu program pemerintah untuk mencegah penularan HIV/AIDS yang perlu dilakukan olehLelaki Suka dengan Lelaki (LSL). Namun, masih terdapat LSL yang belum memanfaatkan layanan VCT. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan VCT oleh LSL berdasarkan Teori Health Belief Model (HBM) di wilayah Surabaya. Desain penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. 43 sampel dipilih dengan purposive sam- pling. Variabel independen adalah persepsi kerentanan, persepsi keseriusan,persepsi manfaat, persepsi hambatan, dan petunjuk bertindak. Variabel dependen adalah pemanfaatan VCT. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisisdengan uji chi square. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kerentanan yang dirasakan memiliki korelasi dengan pemanfaatan VCT (p = 0,035), keseriusan yang dirasakan memiliki korelasi dengan pemanfaatan VCT (p = 0,039), manfaat yang dirasakan memiliki korelasi dengan pemanfaatan VCT (p = 0,019), hambatan yang dirasakan memiliki korelasi dengan VCT pemanfaatan (p = 0,008) dan isyarat untuk bertindak (p = 0,037) memiliki korelasi dengan pemanfaatan VCT. Persepsi kerentanan, persepsi keseriusan, persepsi manfaat, persepsi hambatan, dan petunjuk bertindak memiliki korelasi dengan pemanfaatan VCT oleh LSL.Disarankan kepada LSM GAYa Nusantara untuk sering memberikan informasi kepada orang-orang berisiko tinggi HIV / AIDS.Kata kunci: VCT, LSL, HIV, HBM

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMANFAATAN KLINIK VCT PADA LSL REMAJA DENGAN PENDEKATAN TEORI HEALTH BELIEF MODEL (HBM)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Muhamad Solikul Hamdani ◽  
Kun Ika Nur Rahayu ◽  
Yeni Lufiana Novita Agnes
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽  
Perceived Seriousness ◽  
Cues To Action ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Hiv Aids

Program Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) merupakan salah satu strategi kesehatan masyarakat yang di lakukan untuk menekan penyebaran HIV/AIDS. Tingginya kasus HIV/AIDS di Indonesia salah satunya dikarenakan minta seseorang yang berisiko untuk melakukan pemeriksaan VCT yang masih rendah. Teori Health Belief Model adalah model teoritis yang dapat digunakan untuk memandu promosi kesehatan dan program pencegahan penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemanfatan klinik VCT pada LSL remaja dengan pendekatan teori Health Belief Model (HBM) di Kota Kediri tahun 2020. Pwnwlitian ini termasuk penelitian analiotik korelasi dengan pendekatan Cross sectional. 83 sampel orang dipilih denagn porposive sampling. Variabel Independen variabel meliputi perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived barrier, perceived seriusnes, dan cues to action. Variabel dependen adalah pemanfaatan layanan VCT. Data di kumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan di analisis dengan sperman rank. Hasil menunjukan bahwa perceived susceptibility dengan pemanfaaatan layanan VCT (p = 0,255), perceived seriousness dengan pemanfaatan layanan VCT (p = 0,241), perceived  benefits dengan pemanfaatan VCT ( p = 0,064), perceived barrier dengan pemanfaatan layanan VCT (p = 0,026), Hubungan cues to action dengan pemanfaatan layanan VCT (p = 0,169). Perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived seriusnes, dan cues to action tidak memiliki korelasi denagn pemanfaatan layana VCT, perceived barrier memiliki korelasi dengan pemanfaatan layanan VCT. Di saran kan bagi LM untuk sering memberikan informasi kepasa orang-orang beresiko tinggi HIV/AIDS. Kata kunci : VCT, LSL, HIV, HBM

scholarly journals Aplikasi Program Pencegahan DBD terhadap Perilaku Masyarakat dalam Pengawasan dan Pemberantasan Jentik Nyamuk Demam Berdarah Dengue dengan Menerapkan Teori Health Belief Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Yuyud Wahyudi ◽  
Lilis Sulistiya Ningrum
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Dengue Fever is a disease caused by the dengue virus with acute fever symptoms by entering the human bloodstream through the bite of a mosquito from the genus Aedes. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) has spread widely to all provinces in Indonesia. This disease often appears as an Extraordinary Event (KLB) with relatively high morbidity and mortality. Many dengue incidence rates make the application of the DHF prevention program by applying the theory of the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a prevention effort that can change the behavior of healthy and clean living. This HBM consists of four components: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action. Based on the results of the study, it was conducted from 16 November - 12 December 2020. This research used a Quasi-experimental research design with the One Group Pre Post-test design approach with a sample of Ngrancah Hamlet RT 25 RW 8 Senggreng Village residents using a total sampling technique. The analysis technique of this research is using univariate analysis. The results of this study indicate that the health belief model theory indicators in the DHF prevention program are close to a maximum value, namely Perceived Susceptibility with a mean value of 17.30, perceived severity with a mean value of 15.80, perceived benefits of 15.80, perceived barrier 16.70, and cues. To act with a mean value of 17.30. This study concludes that these results are expected to increase awareness for healthy and clean behavior in preventing DHF.

scholarly journals Can Health Belief Model Predict Breast Cancer Screening Behaviors?

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 949-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azar Darvishpour ◽  
Soheila Mazloum Vajari ◽  
Sara Noroozi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Belief Model

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the second cause of cancer-related death among women. Prevention programs insist on the early diagnosis and screening to reduce the mortality rate.AIM: The study was conducted to determine the predictors of breast cancer screening behaviours based on the health belief model.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present cross-sectional study was conducted by involving 304 women ranging from 20 to 65 years of age, living in East Guilan cities, the North of Iran, in 2015 using two-stage cluster sampling. The research instrument was Champion's Health Belief Model Scale. The data were analysed based on Regression test by using SPSS software version 18.RESULTS: The results showed perceived benefits (ExpB = 1.118, p = 0.009), self-efficacy (ExpB = 1.122, p = 0.001) and the perceived barriers (ExpB = 0.851, p = 0.001) as the predictors of breast self-examination. In addition, the study revealed that the two components of perceived benefits (ExpB = 1.202), and the perceived barriers were the predictors of mammography (ExpB = 0.864) (p = 0.001). None of the health belief model components showed a role to predict clinical breast examination (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: The present study highlights the need for educational programs, which should focus on increasing breast self-exam skills and understanding the benefits of healthy behaviours and eliminating their barriers.

scholarly journals The Effect of Bullying on Depression in Adolescents in Surakarta: Application of Health Belief Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyat Sudrajad ◽  
◽  
RB. Soemanto RB. Soemanto ◽  
Hanung Prasetya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Victims Of Bullying

Background: Depression is common among adolescents that have been victims of bullying at school or through social media. However, numerous cases of bullying are never reported. Several studies have shown that suicidal ideation is associated with depression in adolescents with bullying. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of bullying on depression in adolescents in Surakarta using Health Belief Model. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was carried out in Surakarta, Central Java, in December 2019. A sample of 250 adolescents was selected for this study randomly. The dependent variable was depression. The independent variables were bullying, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and self-efficacy. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: Depression increased with bullying (OR= 3.5; 95% CI= 1.70 to 7.25; p= 0.001), strong perceived susceptibility (OR= 2.86; 95% CI= 1.32 to 6.19; p= 0.008), strong perceived severity (OR= 2.65; 95% CI= 1.20 to 5.88; p= 0.016), and weak self-efficacy (OR= 5.26; 95% CI= 2.49 to 11.09; p<0.001). Conclusion: Depression increases with bullying, strong perceived susceptibility, strong perceived severity, and weak self-efficacy. Keywords: bullying, depression, health belief model Correspondence: Kiyat Sudrajad. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285647116834. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the6thicph.02.56

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