scholarly journals Training Video Interpreters for Refugee Languages in the German-speaking DACH Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Albl-Mikasa ◽  
Monika Eingrieber
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Training Video ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Technical Solutions

Abstract: Thanks to the availability of appropriate technical solutions as well as growing experience with remote interpreting in various countries, video interpreting has made its way into community interpreting, predominantly in the healthcare sector. It is thought to combine advantages of face-to-face interpreting (e.g. visibility, eye contact, non-verbal communication, visual information and certain trust-building features) with advantages of distance interpreting (e.g. saving travel time and expenses) in facilitating correct diagnosis and obtaining informed consent, compliance, treatment success and patient safety. This article describes a video-interpreting initiative undertaken in the German-speaking DACH area (Germany, Austria, German-speaking part of Switzerland) following the 2015 refugee crisis. It highlights the training measures introduced to address the needs of patients speaking languages for which interpreters are not usually available in Germany and Austria, and the subsequent expansion of the initiative into Switzerland. It also reports on the views of the course participants on the basis of a questionnaire survey conducted after training.Resumen: La interpretación a distancia por videoconferencia se ha abierto camino en la interpretación comunitaria, predominantemente en el ámbito sanitario, gracias a la disponibilidad de soluciones técnicas apropiadas así como a la creciente experiencia en la interpretación a distancia en diferentes países. La idea es combinar las ventajas de la interpretación en persona (por ejemplo, la perceptibilidad, el contacto visual, la comunicación no verbal, la información visual y aspectos de creación de confianza) con las ventajas de la interpretación a distancia (como, por ejemplo, el ahorro de costos y gastos de trayectos) y, de esta manera, facilitar un diagnóstico correcto y obtener el consentimiento informado, la conformidad, los tratamientos exitosos y la seguridad del paciente. El presente artículo describe las propuestas llevadas a cabo para la interpretación por videoconferencia en los países de habla alemana (Alemania, Austria y la parte germanohablante de Suiza) a raíz de la crisis de refugiados. Se pone especial énfasis en las actividades de formación introducidas con el fin de satisfacer las necesidades de los pacientes que hablan lenguas para cuya interpretación no suele haber intérpretes en Alemania y Austria, así como su introducción subsiguiente en Suiza. Además, se presenta la opinión de los participantes de los cursos en base a una encuesta llevada a cabo después de las actividades de formación.

Trust, Signalling, and International Relations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Face To Face

The purpose of this chapter is to show the limits of existing IR approaches to the question of how leaders can accurately interpret signals that are aimed at communicating their peaceful intent. The book’s argument is that it requires trust between sender and receiver for accurate signal interpretation and that this trust develops through face-to-face interaction and the process of bonding it makes possible. The five approaches to trust-building that are discussed in the chapter are: (1) ‘leap in the dark’; (2) incrementalist; (3) identity; (4) individualist; and (5) interpersonal. The chapter argues that none of these approaches adequately explains how trust can build between enemies, and hence how signals that are aimed at communicating peaceful intent can be accurately interpreted.

scholarly journals How does gaze to faces support face-to-face interaction? A review and perspective

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy S Hessels
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dynamic Systems Theory ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Vision Science ◽  
Literature Overview ◽  
Social Gaze ◽  
Human Social Behaviour

Gaze – where one looks, how long, and when – plays an essential part in human social behaviour. While many aspects of social gaze have been reviewed, there is no comprehensive review or theoretical framework that describes how gaze to faces supports face-to-face interaction. In this review, I address the following questions: (1) When does gaze need to be allocated to a particular region of a face in order to provide the relevant information for successful interaction; (2) How do humans look at other people, and faces in particular, regardless of whether gaze needs to be directed at a particular region to acquire the relevant visual information; (3) How does gaze support the regulation of interaction? The work reviewed spans psychophysical research, observational research and eye-tracking research in both lab-based and interactive contexts. Based on the literature overview, I sketch a framework for future research based on dynamic systems theory. The framework holds that gaze should be investigated in relation to sub-states of the interaction, encompassing sub-states of the interactors, the content of the interaction as well as the interactive context. The relevant sub-states for understanding gaze in interaction vary over different timescales from microgenesis to ontogenesis and phylogenesis. The framework has important implications for vision science, psychopathology, developmental science and social robotics.

Comprehensive E-Learning Appraisal System

2019 ◽  
pp. 289-304
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Monroy Anton ◽  
Juan Vicente Izquierdo Soriano ◽  
Maria Isabel Asensio Martinez ◽  
Felix Buendia Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Appraisal System ◽  
Virtual Training ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Training Courses

The healthcare sector in the 21st century presents a big technological development. All fields of medicine are deepening their knowledge, which increases the volume of material that must be handled by professionals in each specialty. This large volume of material should be taken into account by health professionals, because it contributes to a better quality of care. The traditional way of teaching has been face-to-face classes; however, with rising technologies, virtual training via computers and virtual teachers are being implemented in some institutions. This change in the way of teaching also leads to changes in how to assess the knowledge gained through this method of learning. The aim of this chapter is to provide a small analysis of online training courses for health professionals, and deepen into an appraisal system developed to integrate different complementary variables, and how they can be implemented as a method addressed to assess online courses in a more comprehensive way.

Trust in Virtual Communities

2008 ◽  
pp. 2500-2504
Author(s):  
Eun G. Park
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Trust Establishment ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Technical Solutions

Trust is one of the key factors that emerged as a significant concept in virtual communities. Trust is so complicated that it is hard to define in one standardized way. Trust issues have evolved into two major ways in the fields of virtual community and security. Among a huge literature concerning trust in virtual communities, a majority of literature addresses technical solutions on trust-building by providing new Web-based applications. They range from human users authorization, semantic Web, agent technologies and access control of network to W3C standardization for content trust and security. Some examples include AT&T’s Policymaker or IBM’s Trust Establishment Module (Blaze, Feigenbaum, & Lacy, 1996; Herzberg, 2000). Only a minority deals with understanding the concept of trust and sources of trust-building from social and cultural aspects. It appears to miss the essence of trust in virtual communities, although an integrated approach is needed for building trust in communication and the use of virtual communities. This article aims to present the definition of trust and relevant concepts for recognizing sources of trust-building in virtual communities. This article also presents future research implications for further development on trust and trust-building in virtual communities.

Trust in Virtual Communities

2011 ◽  
pp. 449-451
Author(s):  
Eun G. Park
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Trust Establishment ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Technical Solutions

Trust is one of the key factors that emerged as a significant concept in virtual communities. Trust is so complicated that it is hard to define in one standardized way. Trust issues have evolved into two major ways in the fields of virtual community and security. Among a huge literature concerning trust in virtual communities, a majority of literature addresses technical solutions on trust-building by providing new Web-based applications. They range from human users authorization, semantic Web, agent technologies and access control of network to W3C standardization for content trust and security. Some examples include AT&T’s Policymaker or IBM’s Trust Establishment Module (Blaze, Feigenbaum, & Lacy, 1996; Herzberg, 2000). Only a minority deals with understanding the concept of trust and sources of trust-building from social and cultural aspects. It appears to miss the essence of trust in virtual communities, although an integrated approach is needed for building trust in communication and the use of virtual communities. This article aims to present the definition of trust and relevant concepts for recognizing sources of trust-building in virtual communities. This article also presents future research implications for further development on trust and trust-building in virtual communities.

Seeing the Way: the Role of Vision in Conversation Turn Exchange Perception

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 653-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Latif ◽  
Agnès Alsius ◽  
K. G. Munhall
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
The Other ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Natural Conversation

During conversations, we engage in turn-taking behaviour that proceeds back and forth effortlessly as we communicate. In any given day, we participate in numerous face-to-face interactions that contain social cues from our partner and we interpret these cues to rapidly identify whether it is appropriate to speak. Although the benefit provided by visual cues has been well established in several areas of communication, the use of visual information to make turn-taking decisions during conversation is unclear. Here we conducted two experiments to investigate the role of visual information in identifying conversational turn exchanges. We presented clips containing single utterances spoken by single individuals engaged in a natural conversation with another. These utterances were from either right before a turn exchange (i.e., when the current talker would finish and the other would begin) or were utterances where the same talker would continue speaking. In Experiment 1, participants were presented audiovisual, auditory-only and visual-only versions of our stimuli and identified whether a turn exchange would occur or not. We demonstrated that although participants could identify turn exchanges with unimodal information alone, they performed best in the audiovisual modality. In Experiment 2, we presented participants audiovisual turn exchanges where the talker, the listener or both were visible. We showed that participants suffered a cost at identifying turns exchanges when visual cues from the listener were not available. Overall, we demonstrate that although auditory information is sufficient for successful conversation, visual information plays an important role in the overall efficiency of communication.

scholarly journals Collaborative Governance Antara Pemerintah Desa dengan Warga Desa dalam Pengelolaan Cerobong Sampah dan Bank Sampah di Desa Kramatwatu

ijd-demos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranti Meidita Lestari ◽  
Tazkiya Farahnisa
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Design ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Facilitative Leadership ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Intermediate Outcomes ◽  
Governance Process ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
Collaboration Process

This study aims to analyze the Collaborative Governance process and find out the factors that influence the collaboration process in the chimney and waste bank program in Kramatwatu Village. The research method used is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results showed that collaborative governance in the chimney and waste bank program in Kramatwatu Village had been going well, only one process that had not gone well was commitment, seen from the indicators of collaborative governance according to Ansel and Gash, namely face-to-face dialogue (face to face), building trust (trust building), commitment to the process (commitment to process), shared understanding (share understanding), and intermediate outcomes. Judging from the commitment process in Kramatwatu Village, it has not been going well, it is located in RW 01 and also RW 04, which has a responsibility for the chimney that is not responsible so that the waste reduction is not optimal. The factors that influence the collaboration process are initial conditions, facilitative leadership, and institutional design. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses Collaborative Governance dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi proses kolaborasi dalam program cerobong sampah dan bank sampah di Desa Kramatwatu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa collaborative governance dalam program cerobong sampah dan Bank sampah di Desa Kramatwatu sudah berjalan dengan baik, hanya saja salah satu proses yang belum berjalan dengan baik yaitu komitmen, dilihat dari indikator proses collaborative governance menurut Ansel dan Gash, yaitu dialog tatap muka (face to face), membangun kepercayaan (trust building), komitmen terhadap proses (commitment to process), pemahaman bersama (share understanding), dan hasil antara (Intermediate outcomes). Dilihat pada proses komitmen di Desa Kramatwatu belum berjalan dengan baik ini terletak pada RW 01 dan juga RW 04 yang memiliki penanggungjawab atas cerobong sampah yang kurang bertanggungjawab sehingga kurang maksimalnya pengurangan sampah. Adapun faktor yang mempengaruhi proses kolaborasi yaitu kondisi awal, kepemimpinan fasilitatif, dan desain institusioanal.  

scholarly journals The “refugee crisis” in Europe – between totality and the infinite

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-52
Author(s):  
Moisés de Lemos Martins
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Relationship

The self and the other. Totality and the infinite. In other words, totality as the discourse of the self which erases the other; and the infinite as the discourse of the other, which constrains and imposes reservations on the discourse of totality. I encounter the other in a face-to-face relationship, who thereby starts to exist within me, becomes part of me, constitutes me. This is the path whereby we fall in love, and can also be the path of compassion and solidarity. But the relationship with the other is not exhausted in the encounter. The encounter with the other is often followed by erasure, assimilation, and even domination of the other. Strictly speaking, we can say that the other can never be reduced to the self, i.e. may never be erased within me. And if the issue at stake is to ignore the other, or segregate, discriminate and dominate him, this implies exerting a form of violence over him. This is my starting point and my focus on discussing the “refugee crisis” in Europe.

The Client-Supplier E-Relationship Management

2011 ◽  
pp. 1082-1102
Author(s):  
Marco Tagliavini ◽  
Elisa Ghiringhelli
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Face Negotiation ◽  
Ship Management ◽  
Order Management ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Technical Solutions

The case study presents an overview of e-business activities within the European B2B office furniture segment, analyzing the scenarios faced by one of the top companies in this segment, hereafter fictitiously referred to as “Cadiac.”Focus is on challenges and issues faced by this company in the last five years within the client-supplier e-relation-ship management: from the use of Internet-based technology to improve the information exchange with clients and dealers to the development of customer relationship manage-ment applications. The present overview explores:market peculiarities and their impact on e-business strategy, challenges, and issues, the different technical solutions adopted through real client case studies, future challenges and opportunities. Of course, the e-business channel is leveraged by Cadiac as an additional channel to the traditional face-to-face negotiation, and in any case is replacing it. The purpose, on the contrary, is to reinforce the business model (sales are driven through a dealer network) by offering a way to reduce complexity and facilitate order management.

Necessary Changes in Healthcare of German-Speaking Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Stephanie Krebs ◽  
Anna Larina Lietz ◽  
Martina Hasseler
Keyword(s):  
Change Management ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
German Healthcare System ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
The One ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Seriously Ill

The COVID-19 pandemic has suddenly gained urgency in Germany for implementation of new structures in healthcare sector to take care of seriously ill COVID-19 patients. The shortage of skilled healthcare workers, which has already been discussed before the pandemic situation, has become more tangible than ever. Society relies on a properly working healthcare system, especially in a pandemic like the one we now witness. After the comparatively mild course of the first COVID-19 wave in Germany, the interest in long overdue changes decreased. The second wave of the pandemic occurred in Germany as well. Also, in the meantime of the first and the second wave, numerous findings were collected and presented, where changes could have an effect. To motivate going forward, the text describes John P. Kotter's model of change management, eight steps to describe necessary changes in organizations and leadership in the German healthcare system.

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