Trust, Signalling, and International Relations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Face To Face

The purpose of this chapter is to show the limits of existing IR approaches to the question of how leaders can accurately interpret signals that are aimed at communicating their peaceful intent. The book’s argument is that it requires trust between sender and receiver for accurate signal interpretation and that this trust develops through face-to-face interaction and the process of bonding it makes possible. The five approaches to trust-building that are discussed in the chapter are: (1) ‘leap in the dark’; (2) incrementalist; (3) identity; (4) individualist; and (5) interpersonal. The chapter argues that none of these approaches adequately explains how trust can build between enemies, and hence how signals that are aimed at communicating peaceful intent can be accurately interpreted.

scholarly journals Collaborative Governance Antara Pemerintah Desa dengan Warga Desa dalam Pengelolaan Cerobong Sampah dan Bank Sampah di Desa Kramatwatu

ijd-demos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranti Meidita Lestari ◽  
Tazkiya Farahnisa
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Design ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Facilitative Leadership ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Intermediate Outcomes ◽  
Governance Process ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
Collaboration Process

This study aims to analyze the Collaborative Governance process and find out the factors that influence the collaboration process in the chimney and waste bank program in Kramatwatu Village. The research method used is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results showed that collaborative governance in the chimney and waste bank program in Kramatwatu Village had been going well, only one process that had not gone well was commitment, seen from the indicators of collaborative governance according to Ansel and Gash, namely face-to-face dialogue (face to face), building trust (trust building), commitment to the process (commitment to process), shared understanding (share understanding), and intermediate outcomes. Judging from the commitment process in Kramatwatu Village, it has not been going well, it is located in RW 01 and also RW 04, which has a responsibility for the chimney that is not responsible so that the waste reduction is not optimal. The factors that influence the collaboration process are initial conditions, facilitative leadership, and institutional design. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses Collaborative Governance dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi proses kolaborasi dalam program cerobong sampah dan bank sampah di Desa Kramatwatu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa collaborative governance dalam program cerobong sampah dan Bank sampah di Desa Kramatwatu sudah berjalan dengan baik, hanya saja salah satu proses yang belum berjalan dengan baik yaitu komitmen, dilihat dari indikator proses collaborative governance menurut Ansel dan Gash, yaitu dialog tatap muka (face to face), membangun kepercayaan (trust building), komitmen terhadap proses (commitment to process), pemahaman bersama (share understanding), dan hasil antara (Intermediate outcomes). Dilihat pada proses komitmen di Desa Kramatwatu belum berjalan dengan baik ini terletak pada RW 01 dan juga RW 04 yang memiliki penanggungjawab atas cerobong sampah yang kurang bertanggungjawab sehingga kurang maksimalnya pengurangan sampah. Adapun faktor yang mempengaruhi proses kolaborasi yaitu kondisi awal, kepemimpinan fasilitatif, dan desain institusioanal.  

Saving face in diplomacy: A political sociology of face-to-face interactions in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 672-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Nair
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Political Sociology ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Erving Goffman ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Source Effects ◽  
Sovereign Equality ◽  
Face Saving ◽  
Saving Face

Face-saving is a ubiquitous yet under-theorized phenomenon in International Relations. Prevailing accounts refer to face-saving as a shorthand for status and reputation, as a “cultural” trait found outside Euro-American societies, and as a technique for defusing militarized inter-state crisis, without, however, an explanation of its source and repertoire. In this article, I argue that it is possible to recover face-saving from cultural essentialism, and that face-saving practices geared to avoid embarrassment are micro-level mechanisms that produce international institutions like diplomacy. Drawing on the work of sociologists Erving Goffman and Pierre Bourdieu, I propose a theory of face-saving that accounts for its source, effects, and variation. I evaluate this theory with a study of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), a diplomacy that has long espoused a discourse of “saving face” couched in Asian cultural exceptionalism. I combine a political sociology of ASEAN’s ruling regimes with an ethnography of its diplomats based on 13 consecutive months of fieldwork in Jakarta, Indonesia, to substantiate this wider theoretical argument. I demonstrate that, first, ASEAN’s face-saving practices are rooted in the legacies of authoritarianism rather than essentialist “culture,” and, second, that face-saving practices enable performances of sovereign equality, diplomatic kinship, and conflict avoidance among ASEAN’s diplomats. This article grants a distinct conceptual space to face-saving in International Relations, contributes to international practice theory by situating practices in the context of state–society relations, and offers a novel interpretation of what the “ASEAN Way” of doing diplomacy looks like in practice.

scholarly journals Collaborative Governance dalam Mengembangkan Wisata Edukasi di Desa Kamiri Kecamatan Masamba Kabupaten Luwu Utara

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Dwi Alamsyah ◽  
Nuryanti Mustari ◽  
Rudi Hardi ◽  
Ansyari Mone
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Shared Understanding ◽  
Face To Face

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Collaborative Governance dalam Mengembangkan Wisata Edukasi di Desa Kamiri, Kecamatan Masamba, Kabupaten Luwu Utara. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah “Bagaimana Collaborative Governance dalam Mengembangkan Wisata Edukasi di Desa Kamiri, Kecamatan Masamba, Kabupaten Luwu Utara?” Tipe penelitian menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Fokus penelitian berdasar pada teori ANSELL dan GASH tentang tahapan-tahapan dalam proses collaborative governance yaitu face to face, trust building, commitment to process, dan shared understanding. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam proses kolaborasi yang diakukan sudah cukup baik dalam mengembangkan wisata edukasi di Desa Kamiri, Kecamatan Masamba, Kabupaten Luwu Utara. Tahapan-tahapan dalam proses collaborative governance (1) face to face dalam mengembangkan wisata edukasi telah melibatkan pemerintah, masyarakat dan pengelola dengan melakukan pertemuan secara langsung dalam bentuk forum musyawarah. (2) Trust building atau membangun kepercayaan dengan adanya sebuah pelatihan pengembangan SDM dan menyediakan tempat sampah dilokasi wisata. (3) Commitment to process atau komitmen terhadap proses kolaborasi dalam mengambangkan wisata edukasi telah melibatkan masyarakat dan pemerintah dalam proses pengembangannya (4) share Understanding untuk menilai sejauh mana proses kolaborasi yang dihasilkan dalam mengembangkan wisata edukasi yaitu terdapat forum pembinaan untuk pengelola, penyediaan kontrol atau pamong wisata untuk membantu dalam pengamanan wisata edukasi dan pengadaan promosi objek wisata.

scholarly journals Training Video Interpreters for Refugee Languages in the German-speaking DACH Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Albl-Mikasa ◽  
Monika Eingrieber
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Trust Building ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Training Video ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Technical Solutions

Abstract: Thanks to the availability of appropriate technical solutions as well as growing experience with remote interpreting in various countries, video interpreting has made its way into community interpreting, predominantly in the healthcare sector. It is thought to combine advantages of face-to-face interpreting (e.g. visibility, eye contact, non-verbal communication, visual information and certain trust-building features) with advantages of distance interpreting (e.g. saving travel time and expenses) in facilitating correct diagnosis and obtaining informed consent, compliance, treatment success and patient safety. This article describes a video-interpreting initiative undertaken in the German-speaking DACH area (Germany, Austria, German-speaking part of Switzerland) following the 2015 refugee crisis. It highlights the training measures introduced to address the needs of patients speaking languages for which interpreters are not usually available in Germany and Austria, and the subsequent expansion of the initiative into Switzerland. It also reports on the views of the course participants on the basis of a questionnaire survey conducted after training.Resumen: La interpretación a distancia por videoconferencia se ha abierto camino en la interpretación comunitaria, predominantemente en el ámbito sanitario, gracias a la disponibilidad de soluciones técnicas apropiadas así como a la creciente experiencia en la interpretación a distancia en diferentes países. La idea es combinar las ventajas de la interpretación en persona (por ejemplo, la perceptibilidad, el contacto visual, la comunicación no verbal, la información visual y aspectos de creación de confianza) con las ventajas de la interpretación a distancia (como, por ejemplo, el ahorro de costos y gastos de trayectos) y, de esta manera, facilitar un diagnóstico correcto y obtener el consentimiento informado, la conformidad, los tratamientos exitosos y la seguridad del paciente. El presente artículo describe las propuestas llevadas a cabo para la interpretación por videoconferencia en los países de habla alemana (Alemania, Austria y la parte germanohablante de Suiza) a raíz de la crisis de refugiados. Se pone especial énfasis en las actividades de formación introducidas con el fin de satisfacer las necesidades de los pacientes que hablan lenguas para cuya interpretación no suele haber intérpretes en Alemania y Austria, así como su introducción subsiguiente en Suiza. Además, se presenta la opinión de los participantes de los cursos en base a una encuesta llevada a cabo después de las actividades de formación.

scholarly journals DESAIN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BLENDED LEARNING PADA PERKULIAHAN HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Irwan Irwan ◽  
Monica Tiara ◽  
Rita Angraini
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Technology Tools ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Face To Face Learning

Purpose of this researsch is to describe the design of the blended learning learning model in the course of International Relations in the Department of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang. Blended Learning is a learning model that combines face-to-face lectures in class with online learning based on technology tools. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive analysis. Data is obtained through literature studies, documentation and asking for the opinions of experts related to the learning model that is appropriately implemented in learning in higher education. The results of this study are in the form of a learning model design with a combination of face-to-face learning with the use of technology in accordance with teaching materials and learning outcomes in the course of International Relations. Thus the pattern of interaction between lecturers and students is not always in the classroom but on various occasions who remain connected using internet technology tools. The blended learning design developed is expected to be coherent with the achievement of International Relations learning that has been compiled while increasing the mastery of technology by students and lecturers. 

scholarly journals Recognition through dialogue: How transatlantic relations anchor the EU’s identity

2021 ◽  
pp. 136914812110580
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Blanc
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Significant Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Institutional Identity ◽  
Ontological Security ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Psychological Need

In spite of being criticised as ‘talking shops’ and easily replaced by technological innovations, dialogues – defined as face-to-face interactions in an institutionalised framework – remain a staple of international politics. While prevailing accounts have shown that dialogues help states advance their quest for security and profit, the key role dialogues play in the quest for recognition has been overlooked and remains undertheorised. Emphasising the socio-psychological need for ontological security, this article argues that institutions relentlessly engage in dialogues because it allows them to seek, gain and anchor the recognition of their identity. The significance for international relations is illustrated through the emblematic case of the European Union–US dialogues, specifically the Transatlantic Legislators’ Dialogue. The multi-method qualitative analysis based on original interviews, participant observations, visuals and official documents demonstrates how the European Union exploits these dialogues with its ‘Significant Other’ to seek, gain and anchor the recognition of its complex institutional identity.

“Inter. Pol. by Post” or international relations and foreign policy from the Open University

1976 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Carey
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Academic Excellence ◽  
Open University ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Part Time Students ◽  
The Face ◽  
Part Time

When Philip Reynolds opened the first issue of the British Journal of International Studies with an examination of the “state of the art” in Great Britain,2 he omitted any mention of the Open University as a source of such studies. In the sense that Reynolds was seeking establishments with full-time students of International Studies, the omission was justified; in the sense that the Open University forms a seat of learning whose students are concerned with the study of International Relations, it was not. Indeed, it is possible that the Open University may have, at any one time, more students reading International Relations than any other single institution in the United Kingdom. These several hundreds of part-time students, pursuing the single course under review, are distributed rather unevenly across the face of Great Britain. They have varying access to library facilities; the greatly varying environment of their own homes in which to work; greatly varying amounts of contact with their tutors, either on a “face-to-face” basis or by letter or telephone. In short, the student for whom this course is designed is different – he represents, perhaps, the “new actor” in academic life in Great Britain. He is ignored at our – the traditional academics, – peril, for whilst we may be concerned with standards of academic excellence there are many in high places who now judge success by such criteria as staff-student ratios, cost effectiveness, and the like.

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