THE FREQUENCY OF ELEVATED PROLACTIN LEVEL IN POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME WOMEN (PCOS) AND ITS' EFFECT ON PREGNANCY RATE

Introduction: Prolactin is a hormone secreted from anterior pituitary gland which has different functions throughout the body of the fertile females. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may exhibit a mild elevation of serum prolactin level. High prolactin level can affect the fertility potential causing ovulatory dysfunction. Even those with normal ovulation, failure of producing a sufficient amount of progesterone after ovulation may occur which resulted in a deficient endometrium; less liable for embryo implantation( luteal phase defect). Thus, this research is aimed to study the frequency of elevated prolactin in women with PCOS and to evaluate its' effect on pregnancy rate. Methods: Fifty-three infertile females were included. They divided in to two major groups: Group I: females with PCOS and Group II: females with no PCOS. Both groups sub-divided in to two subgroups: Group A with serum prolactin more than 20 ng/dl and Group B with normal serum prolactin 2-20 ng/dl. All females were included in ICSI program followed by assessment of pregnancy rate in both groups. Results: The study was showed that 69.44% of women who suffered from PCOS had an elevated serum prolactin level with a mean of 31.17±10.24. Pregnancy rate was lower in the females with high serum prolactin level in both PCOS and non-PCOS women. Conclusion: Hyperprolactinemia is more frequent in the females with PCOS than normal ovulatory females. Elevated serum prolactin level negatively affects implantation and decreases the chance of getting a pregnancy following ICSI.

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Elevated serum progesterone on the day of HCG administration in IVF is associated with a higher pregnancy rate in polycystic ovary syndrome

Human Reproduction ◽

10.1093/humrep/14.3.601 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 601-605 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

N. Doldi

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Pregnancy Rate ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Serum Progesterone

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The Correlation between Luteinizing hormone, Follicle stimulating hormone, Testosterone, and Prolactin Level at Different Depression Level in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients

ICASEE 2018 Proceedings Book ◽

10.23918/icasee2018.12 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Luteinizing Hormone ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Prolactin Level ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Depression Level ◽

Stimulating Hormone

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EFFECT OF AROMATASE INIBITOR IN OVULATION INDUCTION IN FETILE WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2014.3.12 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 86-93

Author(s):

Minh Tam Le

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Ovulation Induction ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Endometrial Thickness ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Ovulation Rate ◽

Normal Body Mass Index ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Group I ◽

First Choice

Backgrounds: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of female infertility due to ovulation disorders. Clomiphene citrate (CC) is a first choice to restore ovulation but it has some side effects by estrogen receptor down-regulation. Aromatase inhibitor (AI) is a newer class of drugs which increases the production of endogenous FSH to stimulate ovulation. Subjects and methods: randomized control trial to compare 64 cases of infertile women with PCOS examined at the Hue University Hospital, alternately used AI (group I) or CC (group II) for ovulation induction from day 2 cycle. Follow-up follicle growth, endometrium and ovulation via ultrasound. Evaluation were done on 10th day cycle, day of hCG trigger and after administration of hCG. Results: Total of 64 PCOS cases distributed into 2 groups using alternatively AI and CC had similar characteristics with average age of 28.8 ± 4.6, the majority were primary infertility (84.4%), infertility duration was 2.6 ± 2.4 years, 85.9% had oligomenorrhrea or amenorrhea, normal body mass index accounts for 60.9% and 21.9% was lean. Evaluation of both groups on day 10 revealed no differences in the dominant follicle and endometrial thickness. Number of days until the follicle mature appears to be shorter in AI group (15.1 ± 2.9) compared to the CC group (16.5 ± 2.8) with statistical significance. The number of mature follicles in 2 groups were not different at a rate of 81.3% (AI) and 84.4% (CC) but a higher proportion of single mature follicle in the AI group (71.9%) compared with the CC group (65.7%) and There is no case with 3-4 mature follicles in the AI group. The rate of thin endometrium (<8 mm) in the AI group (25%) was lower than the CC group (53.1%) with statistically significance and higher ovulation rate (68.8%) compared with the CC group (56.3%) but have not found statistically significant. Conclusion: Two drugs AI and CC potentially induce follicle development and ovulation similarly, but AI has the potential to be more effective than CC on factors such as the shorter stimulation duration, increasing rate of single follicle, limiting multiple pregnancies, improve endometrial thickness and higher ovulation rate. More researches are needed with a larger sample size to clarify the statistical significance of differences.

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Elevated serum anti-Müllerian hormone in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome: relationship to ultrasound features

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2012-0013 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 25 (9-10) ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Melissa Pawelczak ◽

Lisa Kenigsberg ◽

Sarah Milla ◽

Ying-Hua Liu ◽

Bina Shah

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Ultrasound Features

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Use of Inositols in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Effective Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.33978/2307-3586-2020-16-28-24-34 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (28) ◽

pp. 24-34

Author(s):

O.A. Pustotina ◽

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Ovarian Function ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

The Body ◽

Metabolic Parameters ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Pathogenetic Role

The article presents key data on the physiology of inositols in the body, their pathogenetic role in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome, and the possibilities of myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol in the restoration of ovarian function, metabolic parameters, and overcoming of infertility.

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Serum Testosterone to Androstenedione Ratio Predicts Metabolic Health in Normal-Weight Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvab158 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel A Dumesic ◽

Ayli Tulberg ◽

Megan McNamara ◽

Tristan R Grogan ◽

David H Abbott ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Metabolic Function ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Intravenous Glucose

Abstract Context Increased aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3)-mediated conversion of androstenedione (A4) to testosterone (T) promotes lipid storage in subcutaneous (SC) abdominal adipose in overweight/obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women. Objective To examine whether an elevated serum T/A4 ratio, as a marker of enhanced AKR1C3 activity in SC abdominal adipose, predicts metabolic function in normal-weight PCOS women. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Academic center. Patients Nineteen normal-weight PCOS women; 21 age- and body mass index-matched controls. Intervention(s) Circulating hormone/metabolic determinations, intravenous glucose tolerance testing, total body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, SC abdominal fat biopsy. Main Outcome Measure(s) Serum T/A4 ratios, hormone/metabolic measures and AKR1C3 expression of adipocytes matured in vitro were compared between female types; serum T/A4 ratios were correlated with serum lipids, adipose insulin resistance (adipose-IR), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity (Si). Results Increased serum T/A4 ratios (P=0.040) and log adipose-IR values (P=0.002) in PCOS women versus controls were accompanied by AKR1C3 mRNA overexpression of PCOS adipocytes matured in vitro (P=0.016). Serum T/A4 ratios in PCOS women, but not controls, negatively correlated with log triglycerides (TG: R=-0.65, P=0.002) and the TG index (R=-0.57, P=0.011). Adjusting for serum free T, serum T/A4 ratios in PCOS women remained negatively correlated with log TG (R=-0.57, P=0.013) and TG index (R=-0.50, P=0.036), respectively, without significant relationships with other metabolic measures. Conclusion An elevated serum T/A4 ratio, as a marker of enhanced AKR1C3 activity in SC abdominal adipose, predicts healthy metabolic function in normal-weight PCOS women.

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Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Attenuates Cystathionine-β Synthase Gene Expression in the Ovaries of Female Sprague Dawley Rats

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa058_002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 1244-1244

Author(s):

Amanda Bries ◽

Joe Webb ◽

Brooke Vogel ◽

Claudia Carrillo ◽

Aileen Keating ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Polycystic Ovaries ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Sd Rats

Abstract Objectives Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects 10% of reproductive age women and leads to hyperandrogenism, abnormal menstrual cycles, and polycystic ovaries. Moreover, PCOS has been associated with elevated serum homocysteine; however, the characterization of one-carbon metabolism (OCM) in PCOS remains incomplete. The aim of our research was to examine OCM in a genetic and chemically-induced rodent model of PCOS: 1) viable yellow Agouti (Avy) mice; and 2) letrozole (Let)-induced Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Methods Five wk old female Avy mice (N = 18), their lean controls (N = 18), and SD rats (N = 36) were acclimated for one wk. Following acclimation, the animals were placed on a modified standard AIN93G diet (energy, %: 50.4, carbohydrate; 17.3, protein; and 32.3, fat). Rats were randomly assigned to Let (1 g/kg BW) treatment or vehicle (carboxymethylcellulose) control that was administered via a subcutaneously implanted slow-release pellet every 30-d. For both models, 12 animals were randomly assigned to be euthanized during proestrus at one of the following ages: 8, 16 or 24 wk. Bodyweight and estrous cycles were measured daily. Ovaries were collected to assess gene expression of OCM. These data were analyzed using linear mixed models to determine the main effects of age and treatment at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results Letrozole significantly reduced the occurrence of proestrus and estrus stages (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.006, respectively). Additionally, Let-induced rats had increased BW compared to control rats, across all age groups (P < 0.0001). In contrast, Avy mice weighed less than their controls by 24 wk of age (P < 0.0001). Cystathionine-β synthase (CBS) mRNA expression was downregulated in the Let-induced vs. control rats at 16 (59%; P < 0.05) and 24 (77%; P < 0.01) wk of age. As expected, Cyp19A1, aromatase mRNA was downregulated in the Let-induced rats (P = 0.02). Interestingly, betaine-homocysteine s-methyltransferase (BHMT) mRNA increased as a function of age in Let-induced rats (P = 0.03). Conclusions These data demonstrate that Letrozole-induced PCOS temporally decreases ovarian CBS mRNA expression; whereas, BHMT mRNA is upregulated as a function of age. Funding Sources This work was supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.

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