The inflected noun system in Serbo-Croatian: Lexical representation of morphological structure

To what extent is morphological representation in different languages dependent on semantic information? Unlike Indo-European languages, the Semitic mental lexicon has been argued to be purely “morphologically driven”, with complex stems represented in a decomposed format (root + vowel pattern) irrespectively of their semantic properties. We have examined this claim by comparing cross-modal root-priming effects elicited by Hebrew verbs of a productive, open-ended class (Piel) and verbs of a closed-class (Paal). Morphological priming effects were obtained for both verb types, but prime-target semantic relatedness interacted with class, and only modulated responses following Paal, but not Piel primes. We explain these results by postulating different types of morpho-lexical representation for the different classes: structured stems, in the case of Piel, and whole-stems (which lack internal morphological structure), in the case of Paal. We conclude that semantic effects in morphological priming are also obtained in Semitic languages, but they are crucially dependent on type of morpho-lexical representation.

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Bilingual Lexical Representation and Its Access

Journal of Critical Studies in Language and Literature ◽

10.46809/jcsll.v1i4.39 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 22-27

Author(s):

Chunlei Wang ◽

Na Li

Keyword(s):

Lexical Access ◽

Cognitive Structure ◽

Morphological Structure ◽

Lexical Representation ◽

Model Systems ◽

Linguistic Knowledge ◽

Lexical Meaning ◽

Linguistic Representation ◽

Phonological Structure ◽

Original Intention

The purpose of this paper is to explore the terminology, concepts and access to bilingual lexical representation. The core problem of linguistic cognitive structure is linguistic representation which is the reflection of individual psychology on linguistic knowledge. In terms of linguistic representation, the research and experiments on the evidence of lexical representation in modern psycholinguistic period are reviewed. Psycholinguistic studies attempt to apply elucidate language theories and model systems to operate and interpret representational data. We recognize that the use of the concept of lexical representation may contribute to the search for "psychological grammar" .Moreover, we present the original intention of studying bilingual representation and three approaches of the bilingual lexical representation: lexical meaning, direct representation of reality, functional representations. Our focuses are models of lexical access, variables that influence lexical access and appraising models of lexical access. Then we represent models of lexical access, which are influenced by variety of factors, including the frequency of a word, its phonological structure, its syntactic category, its morphological structure, the presence of semantically related words, and the existence of alternative meaning of the word. It is concluded that bilingual lexical representation access is influenced by a variety of factors.

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‘Verstehen’ (‘understand’) primes ‘stehen’ (‘stand’): Morphological structure overrides semantic compositionality in the lexical representation of German complex verbs

Journal of Memory and Language ◽

10.1016/j.jml.2013.12.002 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 72 ◽

pp. 16-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Eva Smolka ◽

Katrin H. Preller ◽

Carsten Eulitz

Keyword(s):

Morphological Structure ◽

Lexical Representation ◽

Semantic Compositionality ◽

Complex Verbs

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High-resolution topographic SEM and radiation damage: The rationale for using low beam voltage

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100131024 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1278-1279

Author(s):

James Pawley ◽

David Joy

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Morphological Structure ◽

Radiation Sensitivity ◽

Beam Specimen ◽

Measured Signal ◽

Practical Consideration ◽

Interaction Volume ◽

Impact Area ◽

Signal Contrast

The scanning electron microscope (SEM) builds up an image by sampling contiguous sub-volumes near the surface of the specimen. A fine electron beam selectively excites each sub-volume and then the intensity of some resulting signal is measured and then plotted as a corresponding intensity in an image. The spatial resolution of such an image is limited by at least three factors. Two of these determine the size of the interaction volume: the size of the electron probe and the extent to which detectable signal is excited from locations remote from the beam impact area. A third limitation emerges from the fact that the probing beam is composed of a number of discrete particles and therefore that the accuracy with which any detectable signal can be measured is limited by Poisson statistics applied to this number (or to the number of events actually detected if this is smaller). As in all imaging techniques, the limiting signal contrast required to recognize a morphological structure is constrained by this statistical consideration. The only way to overcome this limit is to increase either the contrast of the measured signal or the number of beam/specimen interactions detected. Unfortunately, these interactions deposit ionizing radiation that may damage the very structure under investigation. As a result, any practical consideration of the high resolution performance of the SEM must consider not only the size of the interaction volume but also the contrast available from the signal producing the image and the radiation sensitivity of the specimen.

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Design of English text-to-speech conversion algorithm based on machine learning

Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems ◽

10.3233/jifs-189238 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Li Dongmei

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Speech Synthesis ◽

Feature Recognition ◽

Learning Algorithm ◽

Morphological Structure ◽

English Text ◽

Text To Speech ◽

Part Of Speech ◽

Modern Computer ◽

Conversion Algorithm

English text-to-speech conversion is the key content of modern computer technology research. Its difficulty is that there are large errors in the conversion process of text-to-speech feature recognition, and it is difficult to apply the English text-to-speech conversion algorithm to the system. In order to improve the efficiency of the English text-to-speech conversion, based on the machine learning algorithm, after the original voice waveform is labeled with the pitch, this article modifies the rhythm through PSOLA, and uses the C4.5 algorithm to train a decision tree for judging pronunciation of polyphones. In order to evaluate the performance of pronunciation discrimination method based on part-of-speech rules and HMM-based prosody hierarchy prediction in speech synthesis systems, this study constructed a system model. In addition, the waveform stitching method and PSOLA are used to synthesize the sound. For words whose main stress cannot be discriminated by morphological structure, label learning can be done by machine learning methods. Finally, this study evaluates and analyzes the performance of the algorithm through control experiments. The results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper has good performance and has a certain practical effect.

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Macroanatomical Structure of the Lumbosacral Plexus and its Branches in the Indigenous Duck

Bangladesh Veterinary Journal ◽

10.32856/bvj-2018.01 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (1-4) ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MT Hussan ◽

MS Islam ◽

J Alam

Keyword(s):

Hind Limb ◽

Femoral Nerve ◽

Morphological Structure ◽

Spinal Nerve ◽

The Body ◽

Lumbar Plexus ◽

Lumbosacral Plexus ◽

Sacral Plexus ◽

Spinal Nerves ◽

Femoral Cutaneous Nerve

The present study was carried out to determine the morphological structure and the branches of the lumbosacral plexus in the indigenous duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus). Six mature indigenous ducks were used in this study. After administering an anesthetic to the birds, the body cavities were opened. The nerves of the lumbosacral plexus were dissected separately and photographed. The lumbosacral plexus consisted of lumbar and sacral plexus innervated to the hind limb. The lumbar plexus was formed by the union of three roots of spinal nerves that included last two and first sacral spinal nerve. Among three roots, second (middle) root was the highest in diameter and the last root was least in diameter. We noticed five branches of the lumbar plexus which included obturator, cutaneous femoral, saphenus, cranial coxal, and the femoral nerve. The six roots of spinal nerves, which contributed to form three trunks, formed the sacral plexus of duck. The three trunks united medial to the acetabular foramen and formed a compact, cylindrical bundle, the ischiatic nerve. The principal branches of the sacral plexus were the tibial and fibular nerves that together made up the ischiatic nerve. Other branches were the caudal coxal nerve, the caudal femoral cutaneous nerve and the muscular branches. This study was the first work on the lumbosacral plexus of duck and its results may serve as a basis for further investigation on this subject.

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