MODELLING OF WIND-WAVE MISALIGNMENT FOR FLOATING OFFSHORE WIND TURBINES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Armenta-Déu ◽  
Nestor Racouchot
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

Numerical Prototyping of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines: Virtual Operation in Real Environmental Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Milano ◽  
Christophe Peyrard ◽  
Matteo Capaldo
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Fatigue Analysis ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Wave Direction ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Wave Conditions

Abstract The numerical fatigue analysis of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) must account for the environmental loading over a typical design life of 25 years, and the stochastic nature of wind and waves is represented by design load cases (DLCs). In this statistical approach, combinations of wind speeds and directions are associated with different sea states, commonly defined via simplified wave spectra (Pierson-Moskowitz, JONSWAP), and their probability of occurrence is identified based on past observations. However, little is known about the difference between discretizing the wind/wave direction bins into (e.g.) 10deg bins rather than 30deg bins, and the impact it has on FOWT analyses. In addition, there is an interest in identifying the parameters that best represent real sea states (significant wave height, peak period) and wind fields (profile, turbulence) in lumped load cases. In this context, the aim of this work is to better understand the uncertainties associated to wind/wave direction bin size and to the use of metocean parameters as opposed to real wind and sea state conditions. A computational model was developed in order to couple offshore wind turbine models with realistic numerical metocean models, referred to as numerical prototype due to the highly realistic wind/wave conditions in which it operates. This method allows the virtual installation of FOWTs anywhere within a considered spatial domain (e.g. the Mediterranean Sea or the North Sea) and their behaviour to be evaluated in measured wind and modelled wave conditions. The work presented in this paper compares the long-term dynamic behaviour of a tension-leg platform (TLP) FOWT design subject to the numerical prototype and to lumped load cases with different direction bin sizes. Different approaches to representing the wind filed are also investigated, and the modelling choices that have the greatest impact on the fidelity of lumped load cases are identified. The fatigue analysis suggests that 30deg direction bins are sufficient to reliably represent long-term wind/wave conditions, while the use of a constant surface roughness length (as suggested by the IEC standards) seems to significantly overestimate the cumulated damage on the tower of the FOWT.

Wind/Wave Misalignment Effects on Mooring Line Tensions for a Spar Buoy Wind Turbine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigia Riefolo ◽  
Fernando del Jesus ◽  
Raúl Guanche García ◽  
Giuseppe Roberto Tomasicchio ◽  
Daniela Pantusa
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Mooring Line ◽  
Ultimate Limit State ◽  
International Electrotechnical Commission ◽  
Wave Loads ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

The design methodology for mooring systems for a spar buoy wind turbine considers the influence of extreme events and wind/wave misalignments occurring in its lifetime. Therefore, the variety of wind and wave directions affects over the seakeeping and as a result the evaluation of the maxima loads acting on the spar-buoy wind turbine. In the present paper, the importance of wind/wave misalignments on the dynamic response of spar-type floating wind turbine [1] is investigated. Based on standards, International Electrotechnical Commission IEC and Det Norske Veritas DNV the design of position moorings should be carried out under extreme wind/wave loads, taking into account their misalignments with respect to the structure. In particular, DNV standard, in ‘Position mooring’ recommendations, specifies in the load cases definition, if site specific data is not available, to consider non-collinear environment to have wave towards the unit’s bow (0°) and wind 30° relative to the waves. In IEC standards, the misalignment of the wind and wave directions shall be considered to design offshore wind turbines and calculate the loads acting on the support structure. Ultimate Limit State (ULS) analyses of the OC3-Hywind spar buoy wind turbine are conducted through FAST code, a certified nonlinear aero-hydro-servo-elastic simulation tool by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL’s). This software was developed for use in the International Energy Agency (IEA) Offshore Code Comparison Collaborative (OC3) project, and supports NREL’s offshore 5-MW baseline turbine. In order to assess the effects of misaligned wind and wave, different wind directions are chosen, maintaining the wave loads perpendicular to the structure. Stochastic, full-fields, turbulence simulator Turbsim is used to simulate the 1-h turbulent wind field. The scope of the work is to investigate the effects of wind/wave misalignments on the station-keeping system of spar buoy wind turbine. Results are presented in terms of global maxima determined through mean up-crossing with moving average, which, then, are modelled by a Weibull distribution. Finally, extreme values are estimated depending on global maxima and fitted on Gumbel distribution. The Most Probable Maximum value of mooring line tensions is found to be influenced by the wind/wave misalignments. The present paper is organized as follows. Section ‘Introduction’, based on a literature study, gives useful information on the previous studies conducted on the wind/wave misalignments effects of floating offshore wind turbines. Section ‘Methodology’ describes the applied methodology and presents the spar buoy wind turbine, the used numerical model and the selected environmental conditions. Results and the corresponding discussion are given in Section ‘Results and discussion’ for each load case corresponding to the codirectional and misaligned wind and wave loads. Results are presented and discussed in time and frequency domains. Finally, in Section ‘Conclusion’ some conclusions are drawn.

scholarly journals A Fully Coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics Method for Analysis of Semi-Submersible Floating Offshore Wind Turbines Under Wind-Wave Excitation Conditions Based on OC5 Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Zhang ◽  
Bumsuk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Wave Excitation ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Fully Coupled

Accurate prediction of the time-dependent system dynamic responses of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) under aero-hydro-coupled conditions is a challenge. This paper presents a numerical modeling tool using commercial computational fluid dynamics software, STAR-CCM+(V12.02.010), to perform a fully coupled dynamic analysis of the DeepCwind semi-submersible floating platform with the National Renewable Engineering Lab (NREL) 5-MW baseline wind turbine model under combined wind–wave excitation environment conditions. Free-decay tests for rigid-body degrees of freedom (DOF) in still water and hydrodynamic tests for a regular wave are performed to validate the numerical model by inputting gross system parameters supported in the Offshore Code Comparison, Collaboration, Continued, with Correlations (OC5) project. A full-configuration FOWT simulation, with the simultaneous motion of the rotating blade due to 6-DOF platform dynamics, was performed. A relatively heavy load on the hub and blade was observed for the FOWT compared with the onshore wind turbine, leading to a 7.8% increase in the thrust curve; a 10% decrease in the power curve was also observed for the floating-type turbines, which could be attributed to the smaller project area and relative wind speed required for the rotor to receive wind power when the platform pitches. Finally, the tower-blade interference effects, blade-tip vortices, turbulent wakes, and shedding vortices in the fluid domain with relatively complex unsteady flow conditions were observed and investigated in detail.

Pitch Angle Control of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines by H∞ Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 134 (8) ◽  
pp. 1096-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Tsujimoto ◽  
Ségolène Dessort ◽  
Naoyuki Hara ◽  
Keiji Konishi
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

scholarly journals Impact of Typhoons on Floating Offshore Wind Turbines: A Case Study of Typhoon Mangkhut

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 543
Author(s):  
Jiawen Li ◽  
Jingyu Bian ◽  
Yuxiang Ma ◽  
Yichen Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Motion Response ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Coupling Motion

A typhoon is a restrictive factor in the development of floating wind power in China. However, the influences of multistage typhoon wind and waves on offshore wind turbines have not yet been studied. Based on Typhoon Mangkhut, in this study, the characteristics of the motion response and structural loads of an offshore wind turbine are investigated during the travel process. For this purpose, a framework is established and verified for investigating the typhoon-induced effects of offshore wind turbines, including a multistage typhoon wave field and a coupled dynamic model of offshore wind turbines. On this basis, the motion response and structural loads of different stages are calculated and analyzed systematically. The results show that the maximum response does not exactly correspond to the maximum wave or wind stage. Considering only the maximum wave height or wind speed may underestimate the motion response during the traveling process of the typhoon, which has problems in guiding the anti-typhoon design of offshore wind turbines. In addition, the coupling motion between the floating foundation and turbine should be considered in the safety evaluation of the floating offshore wind turbine under typhoon conditions.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis on the Use of Oscillating Water Column in Barge-Based Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Payam Aboutalebi ◽  
Fares M’zoughi ◽  
Izaskun Garrido ◽  
Aitor J. Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Water Columns ◽  
Numerical Tools ◽  
Oscillating Water Columns ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Waves

Undesired motions in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWT) lead to reduction of system efficiency, the system’s lifespan, wind and wave energy mitigation and increment of stress on the system and maintenance costs. In this article, a new barge platform structure for a FOWT has been proposed with the objective of reducing these undesired platform motions. The newly proposed barge structure aims to reduce the tower displacements and platform’s oscillations, particularly in rotational movements. This is achieved by installing Oscillating Water Columns (OWC) within the barge to oppose the oscillatory motion of the waves. Response Amplitude Operator (RAO) is used to predict the motions of the system exposed to different wave frequencies. From the RAOs analysis, the system’s performance has been evaluated for representative regular wave periods. Simulations using numerical tools show the positive impact of the added OWCs on the system’s stability. The results prove that the proposed platform presents better performance by decreasing the oscillations for the given range of wave frequencies, compared to the traditional barge platform.

Open-Loop Control Co-Design of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines Using Linear Parameter-Varying Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athul K. Sundarrajan ◽  
Yong Hoon Lee ◽  
James T. Allison ◽  
Daniel R. Herber
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Linear Parameter ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Linear Parameter Varying ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Parameter Varying ◽  
And Control

Abstract This paper discusses a framework to design elements of the plant and control systems for floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) in an integrated manner using linear parameter-varying models. Multiple linearized models derived from high-fidelity software are used to model the system in different operating regions characterized by the incoming wind speed. The combined model is then used to generate open-loop optimal control trajectories as part of a nested control co-design strategy that explores the system’s stability and power production in the context of crucial plant and control design decisions. A cost model is developed for the FOWT system, and the effect of plant decisions and subsequent power and stability response of the FOWT is quantified in terms of the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) for that system. The results show that the stability constraints and the plant design decisions affect the turbine’s power and, subsequently, LCOE of the system. The results indicate that a lighter plant in terms of mass can produce the same power for a lower LCOE while still satisfying the constraints.

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