scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF THE ORIGIN OF FINLAND HYDRONYMS.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1/2021) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
O.D. Fedchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Language Group ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Ancient People ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
The Baltic

The article is devoted to the linguistic analysis of Finnish hydronyms. The origin of the names of large and significant rivers in the region is considered. The systematization of hydronyms, which received a name in the Baltic language environment, has been carried out. River names have an etymology akin to concepts such as river, channel, stream, current. The proposed article makes it possible to clarify the archaeological and historical aspects of the life of ancient people in the region. The revealed patterns in the etymology of hydronyms correlate with the data of anthropology and genetics. The language of ancient pre-Finnish tribes that existed on the territory of Finland belonged to the Baltic language group.

scholarly journals BALTIC HYDRONYMY OF CENTRAL RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 104-127
Author(s):  
OLEG D. FEDCHENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Ancient People ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
The Baltic

The article presents the linguistic analysis of hydronyms of the Central Russia. The origin is considered of the names of large rivers (more than 100 km long) from the Moscow, Kaluga, Oryol, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Ryazan, Kostroma, Tver, Nizhny Novgorod, Vologda regions. The systematization of hydronyms that appeared in the Baltic language environment was carried out. The results indicate that the names of the rivers have an etymology associated with such concepts as a river, channel, stream. The basis for river names are verbs in Present Tense, third person singular, while the lake names stem from verbs in Past Tense, third person singular. It was also discovered that in modern river names, Slavic and Finno-Ugric vowels of the Baltic hydronyms are very common. The suggested approach helps accurately localize the settlements of Slavic and Finno-Ugric tribes in space as well as time. At the same time, the range of Baltic hydronyms turned out wider than it had been expected. The obtained results enable to clarify the archaeological and historical aspects of the life of ancient people in the Central Russia.

scholarly journals BALTIC HYDRONYMIA OF THE KAMA-VYATKA REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 924-932
Author(s):  
O.D. Fedchenko
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Large Rivers ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Ancient People ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
The Baltic

The article is devoted to the linguistic analysis of hydronyms of the Kirov region and Udmurtia. The origin of the names of large rivers (about 100 km and more in length) of the Kama-Vyatka region is considered. The systematization of hydronyms, received their names in the Baltic language environment, is carried out. The names of the rivers have an etymology related to such concepts as the river, the channel, the flow. The proposed article provides an opportunity to clarify the archaeological and historical aspects of the life of ancient people in the Volga region and the Kama region. The opinion is confirmed that the tribes of battle axes were the local population in the territory of the Kama-Vyatka region before the appearance of the Finno-Ugric peoples there.

Traditional Myths and Linguistic Analysis: Singwaya Revisited

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 229-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas T. Spear
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
Language Group ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
Documentary Data ◽  
Origin Myths ◽  
Related Paper

In a previous article in this journal I warned about the dangers of facile generalization and misinterpretation of traditional origin myths leading to the elaboration of historians' myths which bear little resemblance to the traditional, linguistic, cultural, or documentary data. I then proceeded to analyze the Singwaya (Shungwaya) myth pertaining to the origins of the peoples of the Kenya coast to show how earlier interpretations cannot be sustained by the evidence, before demonstrating that the myth is nevertheless valid for the Mijikenda, Pokomo, Swahili, Taita, and Segeju, where such evidence supports its basic veracity.As chance would have it, while the above article was in press I delivered a related paper on the same panel as Thomas Hinnebusch who, on the basis of extensive linguistic fieldwork and analysis of the same area, had found a number of fallacies in the published linguistic data on which I had relied. While confirming the exclusion of the highlanders (Thagicũ-speakers) from the same language group as the coastal peoples and hence presumably from common origins with the others at Singwaya, Hinnebusch also excludes both the Taita and Segeju from that group while adding the Swahili to it, thus calling into doubt the integrity of the Singwaya group as I had reconstructed it. Hinnebusch's data and his analysis of it, then, obviously require a reexamination of the role of the Taita, Segeju, and Swahili peoples in the migration from Singwaya while, at the same time, casting doubt anew on the validity of origin myths or legends. But the linguistic data also extends our view enormously.

scholarly journals The influence of parity judgement on the derivation process from the numerals ‘one’ and ‘two’

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Language Group ◽  
European Language ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Ancient People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Germanic Languages ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Derivation Process

The purpose of this research paper is to describe the relationship between the binary thinking of ancient people and the formation of the concept of number. The objects of the study are paleographic, ethno-psychological and biological studies examining the development of the counting principles and quantitative thinking of primitive men. The subject of the study are the numbers ’one’ and ‘two’, as well as their forms and derivatives in Germanic languages. The analyzed studies allow to conclude that the development of the first numerals derives from dual thinking, which is based on the ability to divide the whole into parts. The close connection to the surrounding world and the inborn parity judgement of some individuals in the Upper Paleolithic Period generates the first two numbers, hence numerals in the Proto Indo-European language. Both originate from one root, the form of which can be traced to the Proto Indo-European word ‘kwa’ as a part of the whole, i.e. two hands. Starting with the ultimate meaning of binary unified entity it split first into ‘part and whole’. Later the meaning branched even more (symmetry, completeness, contradiction, branching, merging, union, sameness, equality, repetitiveness, sequence, coherence, excessiveness, addition), creating diachronically countless derivatives of the initial ‘one’ and ‘two'. The binary nature of the Indo-European thinking had an effect on both everyday life and the religion, which was implemented in a later, pre-literate period and has been corroborated by archaeological finds. The rudimentary traces of primitive binary thinking are reflected in the contemporary realia and can be found in all languages of the Indoeuropean language group. The further research will cover the influence of the paired unity by fractionation on the allocation of subsequent numericals.

LEXICAL AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF IDIOMS WITH COMPONENTS GOTT AND TEUFEL IN THE DIALECT TEXT CORPUS OF RUSSIAN GERMANS

2020 ◽  
pp. 251-262
Author(s):  
L. I. Moskalyuk ◽  
◽  
O. S. Moskalyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Language Group ◽  
Text Corpus ◽  
Original Language ◽  
German Dialects ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
Russian Germans

This article presents the results of the study of the structure and semantics of phraseological units with component Gott and Teufel in the text corpus of Russian Germans. The phraseological Fund of Russian Germans includes numerous studied phraseological combinations. Such phraseological units are represented in Russian-German dialects as General German idioms, as well as phraseological expressions, which are characterized by features of dialect structure and semantics. They reflect the results of the preservation of native traditions, development according to the laws that were obtained from the mother dialects, as well as the results of long-term development in isolation from the original language group under the influence of foreign language environment.

scholarly journals Curonian linguistic elements in Livonian

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-191
Author(s):  
Lembit Vaba
Keyword(s):  
Language Group ◽  
Special Position ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Close Relatives

Researchers of Finnic languages have stressed the special position of Livonian among its close relatives due to the great number of Latvian loan elements. The Latvian influence is noteworthy and present in all levels of the language. Baltic influence on Livonian is, however, more diverse both linguistically and chronologically. Livonians, especially Courland Livonians have been in contact with Curonians – their close neighbours – for a longer period of time. This is because Livonian has preserved a number of linguistic elements from Old Curonian – a language that belonged to the Baltic language group. The nature of Curonian and its position among other Baltic language has been – and still is – a matter of dispute. In the article, the possible Curonian elements in various levels of Livonian are presented and analysed.Kokkuvõte. Lembit Vaba: Kura keele aines liivi keeles. Läänemeresoome keelte uurijad on rõhutanud liivi keele eriasendit võrreldes teiste läänemeresoome keeltega rohkete läti laenelementide tõttu. Läti keele mõju liivi keelele on tõepoolest ulatuslik, ilmnedes kõigil keeletasanditel. Siiski balti mõju liivi keelele on lingvistiliselt ja ajaliselt mitmekihiline. Liivlastel, eriti Kuramaa liivlastel on pikka aega olnud kontakte kurelaste ehk kuršidega, kes olid nende vahetud naabrid. Seetõttu on liivi keel säilitanud mitmeid keelelisi elemente kunagisest kura keelest, mis kuulus balti keelte hulka. Kura keele olemus ja koht teiste balti keelte hulgas on olnud ja on üha vaidlusteema. Selles artiklis tuuakse esile ja analüüsitakse võimalikku kura keele ainest liivi keele eri tasanditel.Märksõnad: substraat, adstraat, keelekontaktid, läänemeresoome keeled, liivi keel, balti keeled, kura keelKubbõvõttõks. Lembit Vaba: Kuršõd kīel ain līvõ kīels. Vāldamiersūomõ kīeld tuņšlijid ātõ pāinatõn ku līvõ kīel um īžki munt vāldamiersūomõ kīeld siegās, sīepierāst ku līvõ kīels um pǟgiņ leţkīelst perīņ elementidi. Leţkīel mȯjjimi līvõ kīel pǟlõ um tuodpūolst laigāli, se um nägţõb amši kīel tazāpīndis. Baltõd mȯjjimi līvõ kīel pǟlõ um nei kīel ku āiga pūolstõ setkȭrdali. Līvliztõn, īžkiz Kurāmō līvliztõn um kōgiņ aigõ vȯnd kubbõpūtimiži mōkurāliztõks agā kuršõdõks, kis vȯļtõ nänt kāimad. Sīepierāst um līvõ kīelsõ īend pǟgiņ kīel elementidi jedlõmist kurā kīelst, mis kūliz baltõd kīeld sieggõ. Kurā kēļ ja sīe kūož munt baltõd kīeld siegās um īdõkabāl vȯnd iļrõkūd temāt. Sīes kēras sōb vaņţõltõd kurā kīel võibizt ainõ līvõ kīel īžkis tazāpīndis.

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