Effects of Early- and Late-Arriving Room Reflections on the Speech-Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 095-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rida Al Osman ◽  
Christian Giguère ◽  
Hilmi R. Dajani
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Late Result ◽  
Frequency Following Response ◽  
Acoustical Properties ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response

AbstractRoom reverberation alters the acoustical properties of the speech signals reaching our ears, affecting speech understanding. Therefore, it is important to understand the consequences of reverberation on auditory processing. In perceptual studies, the direct sound and early reflections of reverberated speech have been found to constitute useful energy, whereas the late reflections constitute detrimental energy.This study investigated how various components (direct sound versus early reflections versus late reflections) of the reverberated speech are encoded in the auditory system using the speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR).Speech-evoked ABRs were recorded using reverberant stimuli created as a result of the convolution between an ongoing synthetic vowel /a/ and each of the following room impulse response (RIR) components: direct sound, early reflections, late reflections, and full reverberation. Four stimuli were produced: direct component, early component, late component, and full component.Twelve participants with normal hearing participated in this study.Waves V and A amplitudes and latencies as well as envelope-following response (EFR) and fine structure frequency–following response (FFR) amplitudes of the speech-evoked ABR were evaluated separately with one-way repeated measures analysis of variances to determine the effect of stimulus. Post hoc comparisons using Tukey’s honestly significant difference test were performed to assess significant differences between pairs of stimulus conditions.For waves V and A amplitudes, a significant difference or trend toward significance was found between direct and late components, between direct and full components, and between early and late components. For waves V and A latencies, significant differences were found between direct and late components, between direct and full components, between early and late components, and between early and full components. For the EFR and FFR amplitudes, a significant difference or trend toward significance was found between direct and late components, and between early and late components. Moreover, eight, three, and one participant reported the early, full, and late stimuli, respectively, to be the most perceptually similar to the direct stimulus.The stimuli that are acoustically most similar (direct and early) result in electrophysiological responses that are not significantly different, whereas the stimuli that are acoustically most different (direct and late, early and late) result in responses that are significantly different across all response measures. These findings provide insights toward the understanding of the effects of the different components of the RIRs on auditory processing of speech.

scholarly journals Hormones and Hearing: Central Auditory Processing in Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (06) ◽  
pp. 493-501
Author(s):  
Skylar Trott ◽  
Trey Cline ◽  
Jeffrey Weihing ◽  
Deidra Beshear ◽  
Matthew Bush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response

AbstractEstrogen has been identified as playing a key role in many organ systems. Recently, estrogen has been found to be produced in the human brain and is believed contribute to central auditory processing. After menopause, a low estrogen state, many women report hearing loss but demonstrate no deficits in peripheral hearing sensitivity, which support the notion that estrogen plays an effect on central auditory processing. Although animal research on estrogen and hearing loss is extensive, there is little in the literature on the human model.The aim of this study was to evaluate relationships between hormonal changes and hearing as it relates to higher auditory function in pre- and postmenopausal (Post-M) females.A prospective, group comparison study.Twenty eight women between the ages of 18 and 70 at the University of Kentucky were recruited.Participants were separated into premenopausal and peri-/Post-M groups. Participants had normal peripheral hearing sensitivity and underwent a behavioral auditory processing battery and electrophysiological evaluation. An analysis of variance was performed to address the aims of the study.Results from the study demonstrated statistically significant difference between groups, where Post-M females had difficulties in spatial hearing abilities as reflected on the Listening in Spatialized Noise Test–Sentences test. In addition, measures on the auditory brainstem response and the middle latency response reflected statistically significant differences between groups with Post-M females having longer latencies.Results from the present study demonstrated significant differences between groups, particularly listening in noise. Females who present with auditory complaints in spite of normal hearing thresholds should have a more extensive audiological evaluation to further evaluate possible central deficits.

scholarly journals A Ten-Year Review of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response Testing at the Philippine Children’s Medical Center: Patient Demographics and Outcomes

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Jane C. Tipayno
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
School Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Speech Delay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response

Objective: The study aims to present the clinical and demographic profile of subjects who have undergone Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) test at the Philippine Children’s Medical Center over a 10-year period. Methods: Design: Retrospective chart review             Setting: Tertiary children’s hospital Population: All patients referred for ABR testing from January 1996 to December 2005. Results: A total of 2783 cases were included in the study with 1.63:1 male-to-female ratio. Almost 50% belonged to the 2-to 5-year old age group. There were 111 different indications for referral, with speech and language disorders ranking first at 38%. Patients with Congenital Rubella had the highest incidence of pathologic ABR results with 90.62%. There was no significant difference in the degree of hearing loss between the pre-school (2-5 years old) and school age (>5 to 10 years old) group. Our patients who presented with speech delay had a much older average age of hearing loss detection by ABR compared to foreign studies. Conclusion: Speech and developmental delays were the leading causes for ABR referral across age groups with most belonging to the 2-to-5-year old age group.  There was no statistically significant difference in the degree of hearing loss between the preschool and school-age groups with speech delay. ABR in hearing screening of neonates and children constitutes only a small fraction of the total indications for ABR Testing at the Philippine Children’s Medical Center. Detection of hearing loss at an earlier age may reveal the true burden of illness and facilitate earlier intervention. Universal hearing screening should be performed for all newborns and not just for high risk infants.   Keywords: Hearing loss, Speech delay, Auditory Brainstem Response, ABR

scholarly journals Speech-evoked auditory brainstem response: a review of stimulation and acquisition parameters

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdollah Moossavi ◽  
Yones Lotfi ◽  
Mohanna Javanbakht ◽  
Soghrat Faghihzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Electrophysiological Response ◽  
Vertical Electrode ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Skills ◽  
Selection Of

Background and Aim: Speech-auditory brain­stem response (ABR) as a new test in the field of auditory electrophysiology, examines the auditory processing of stimuli with complex acoustic structures at the subcortical level. In recent years, speech-ABR has been admini­stered to patients with various hearing impair­ments and people with special auditory skills. Results of these studies are of great interest to researchers in the fields of cognitive and audi­tory neurosciences. In this study, because of the increasing use of this test, a review of the stu­dies carried out on the origin of this response and the proposed protocols to stimulate, record, and analyze this electrophysiological response are presented. Recent Findings: The most common stimulus parameters used in the published articles was /da/ stimulus in 40 ms duration and 60-85 dB SPL intensity with the use of alternative polarity and rate of about 10 stimuli per second. The verified and widely-used acquisition parameters include using vertical electrode array with 6000 sweeps and a 30-3000 Hz filtering in a 60-70 ms time window. Conclusion: In determining the stimulus-record parameters of the speech-ABR test, in addition to considering the necessary minimums, the final values should always be selected based on the objectives and the study group. The unique features of this test for diagnosis and monitoring of auditory processing at supra-threshold levels, calls for comprehensive studies to formulate guidelines for the application of this test in aud­itory clinics but the basic points mentioned in this paper should be considered in the selection of each parameter.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Melatonin as a Sedative for Auditory Brainstem Response in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Anass Chaouki ◽  
Zineb El Krimi ◽  
Amine Mkhatri ◽  
Oukessou Youssef ◽  
Sami Rouadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Psychomotor Development ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Pediatric Audiology ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Introduction—Although auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing is among the most frequently used investigations in pediatric audiology and it often requires sedation or general anesthesia. In recent years, melatonin has been successfully used as an alternative way of inducing sleep, particularly in children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or electroencephalography (EEG). Purpose—To assess the effectiveness of orally administered melatonin as an alternative to sedation or general anesthesia during ABR testing. Method—In total, 33 children with suspected hearing loss underwent ABR tests in melatonin-induced sleep. Each patient received an initial dose of 5 mg, which was re-administered in case of failure to obtain sleep. Click-induced ABR tests were performed on both ears. Results—ABR tests were successfully performed in 72.7% of the patients. The average total length of time needed to obtain sleep and complete the ABR testing was 45 min. There was no significant difference between the patients who completed the examination and those who did not in terms of age or psychomotor development. There was a statistically significant association between receiving a maintenance dose and successful completion of the test (p < 0.001). There was also a significant connection between the degree of hearing loss and the success rate of the ABR tests (p < 0.001). Conclusions—Melatonin-induced sleep is a good and safer alternative to anesthesia to perform ABR testing in young children. It is easily administered, tolerated by the patients, and accepted by parents.

The N3 potential and the efferent cochlear pathway in profound sensorineural hearing loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Abou-Elew ◽  
N A Hosni ◽  
E A Obaid ◽  
A H Ewida
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Potential Response ◽  
Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential ◽  
Myogenic Potential ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brainstem Response

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to evaluate the presence of the N3 potential (acoustically evoked short latency negative response) in profound sensorineural hearing loss, its association with the cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential and the relationship between both potentials and loss of auditory function.Methods:Otological examinations of 66 ears from 50 patients aged from 4 to 36 years were performed, and the vestibular evoked myogenic potential and auditory brainstem response were measured.Results:The N3 potential was recorded in 36 out of 66 ears (55 per cent) and a vestibular evoked myogenic potential was recorded in 34 (52 per cent). The N3 potential was recorded in 23 out of 34 ears (68 per cent) with a vestibular evoked myogenic potential response and absent in 19 out of 32 ears (59 per cent) without a vestibular evoked myogenic potential response. The presence of an N3 potential was significantly associated with a vestibular evoked myogenic potential response (p = 0.028), but there was no significant difference in the latency or amplitude of the N3 potential in either the presence or absence of a vestibular evoked myogenic potential.Conclusion:The presence of an N3 potential in profound sensorineural hearing loss with good or poor vestibular function can be explained by the contribution of the efferent cochlear pathway through olivocochlear fibres that join the inferior vestibular nerve. This theory is supported by its early latency and reversed polarity, which is masked in normal hearing by auditory brainstem response waves.

Comparing Simultaneous Electrocochleography and Auditory Brainstem Response Measurements Using Three Different Extratympanic Electrodes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon M. Lefler ◽  
Wafaa A. Kaf ◽  
John A. Ferraro
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Summating Potential ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Science Laboratories ◽  
Brainstem Response

Abstract Background Various extratympanic recording electrodes have been used to make electrocochleography (ECochG) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) measurements in clinics, translational research, and basic science laboratories. However, differences may exist in ECochG and ABR measurements depending on the different types of extratympanic electrodes that are used. Purpose The purpose of this research is to compare simultaneously recorded ECochG and ABR responses using three different extratympanic electrodes. This research helps clinicians and researchers to understand how electrode types and recording sites influence EcochG and ABR results. In addition, our findings could provide more normative data to the ECochG and ABR literature as well as give perspective on a preferred electrode approach when performing simultaneous ECochG and ABR testing. Research Design Ours was a repeated-measures study with measurements being made from individual participants on two separate sessions. Study Sample Twenty young adult females with normal hearing. Procedure A three-channel recording system was used to simultaneously record ECochG and ABR measurements in response to alternating polarity click stimuli. In each session, measurements were simultaneously recorded with a TipTrode electrode and one of the tympanic membrane (TM) electrodes. Data Collection and Analysis Suprathreshold summating potential (SP) and action potential (AP) of the ECochG and waves I, III, and V of the ABR, and threshold responses (AP and wave V) were identified. Results Compared with the ear canal TipTrode electrode, TM electrodes yielded suprathreshold amplitudes that were larger than those from the ear canal electrode, smaller SP–AP ratios, lower AP thresholds, and less variability. These findings can help guide choices made by clinicians, translational investigators, and basic science researchers on which type of extra-tympanic electrode to use for their intended purpose.

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