scholarly journals Plume moths in the protected areas of KwaZulu Natal province, Republic of South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Peter Ustjuzhanin ◽  
Vasiliy Kovtunovich ◽  
Pavel Udovichenko ◽  
Adrian Armstrong ◽  
Alexander Streltzov
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

The article gives 70 Pterophoridae species of nature reserves and national parks of KwaZulu Natal province, Republic of South Africa. New taxonomic combinations are revealed, new data on the distribution of Plume moths in the Republic of South Africa are indicated. New generic combinations were established for two species of Marasmarcha ammonias (Meyrick, 1909) and Sphenarches erythrodactylus (Fletcher, 1911). 7 species are recorded for the first time for the province of KwaZulu Natal.

The Legal Status of Local Government in South Africa under the New Constitutional Dispensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbuzeni Mathenjwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

The history of local government in South Africa dates back to a time during the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910. With regard to the status of local government, the Union of South Africa Act placed local government under the jurisdiction of the provinces. The status of local government was not changed by the formation of the Republic of South Africa in 1961 because local government was placed under the further jurisdiction of the provinces. Local government was enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa arguably for the first time in 1993. Under the interim Constitution local government was rendered autonomous and empowered to regulate its affairs. Local government was further enshrined in the final Constitution of 1996, which commenced on 4 February 1997. The Constitution refers to local government together with the national and provincial governments as spheres of government which are distinctive, interdependent and interrelated. This article discusses the autonomy of local government under the 1996 Constitution. This it does by analysing case law on the evolution of the status of local government. The discussion on the powers and functions of local government explains the scheme by which government powers are allocated, where the 1996 Constitution distributes powers to the different spheres of government. Finally, a conclusion is drawn on the legal status of local government within the new constitutional dispensation.

scholarly journals CULTURAL IDENTITY, TRADITION, AND THE RITUAL KILLING OF BULLS – A NOTE ON A RECENT DECISION OF THE FRENCH CONSTITUTIONAL COUNCIL ON THE LEGALITY OF BULLFIGHTING

Obiter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Peté ◽  
Angela Crocker
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Animal Rights ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Public Controversy ◽  
Legal Challenge ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
The Republic

In a recent two-part article in this journal, the authors of this note analysed the controversy surrounding the ritual bull-killing which takes place during the Ukweshwama “first fruits” ceremony held each year in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. While much of the Ukweshwama ceremony is uncontroversial, the ritual killing of a bull by young Zulu warriors with their bare hands attracted strong opposition from certain animal-rights groups, which resulted in legal action and public controversy. The authors attempted to disentangle the different legal, historical, political and philosophical strands which combined to make up a complex story about the place of ancient rituals in the modern world, particularly those involving animal sacrifice. They also attempted to situate the controversy around the Ukweshwama bull-killing ritual within a contemporary global context, by comparing and contrasting the Zulu bull-killing ceremony on the one hand, and Spanish bullfighting on the other. The purpose of the present note is to report on recent developments in what is a global debate on the place of ancient rituals which involve the ritual killing of animals, within modern constitutional democracies. In particular, this note will examine and discuss the outcome of a recent legal challenge brought before the Constitutional Council of the Republic of France by certain animal-welfare groups in that country. The challenge was directed at bringing an end to a legal exception which operates in certain parts of the country – that is, those with an uninterrupted local tradition of bullfighting – excluding bullfighting from the provisions of animal-welfare legislation. The legal, political and cultural issues which arise as a result of this legal challenge are of relevance to those in South Africa who are concerned, one way or the other, about the future of the annual Ukweshwama bull-killing ritual in KwaZulu-Natal. Like it or not, although the bull-killing rituals which take place in the South of France and in KwaZulu-Natal South Africa are very different, the similarities between the rituals and their impact on broader society (legally, politically and culturally), are such that they cannot be ignored. The authors make a similar point in relation to the links between Spanish bullfighting and the Ukweshwama bull-killing ritual.

The valuation of elephant sightings in protected areas.

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-203
Author(s):  
Andrea Saayman ◽  
Melville Saayman
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Contingent Valuation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Big Five ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Preferred Species

Abstract The research presented in this chapter determines the value that tourists on safari in protected areas in South Africa attach to elephant sightings and the relative importance of the elephant sighting compared with the other species in the Big Five. The study also determines whether tourists take the increased poaching of elephants - also in South Africa - into account when revealing their choice. Using information from five surveys conducted at different parks in South Africa from 2011 to 2013 and again in 2019, the elephant was found to be the fourth preferred species in the Big Five. The exception is Addo Elephant National Park, where the elephants are the second most preferred species. To determine the value that tourists attached to a sighting, contingent valuation was used. Although approximately a quarter to a third of respondents indicated positive amounts for a sighting across the years, the mean willingness to pay (WTP) reflects the scarcity of the species. The elephant is relatively abundant in all the parks and, in many instances, much easier to spot than the leopard or lion. It is therefore not surprising that the mean valuation of a sighting is much lower than that of the leopard and lion throughout all the years. Although tougher economic conditions in the country also influence WTP, it was found that tourists to South Africa's National Parks do not yet take the increased poaching of elephants into account when revealing their choice, nor in their valuation.

scholarly journals First records of five species of Insectivorous Bats from the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.L. Rautenbach ◽  
M.B. Fenton ◽  
L.E.O. Braack
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
New Record ◽  
National Park ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Insectivorous Bats ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

Five species of insectivorous bats are reported for the first time from the Kruger National Park. One of these, Pipistrellus anchietai, represents a new record for the southern African Subregion, and two species, Laephotis botswanae and Nycteris woodi are recorded for the first time for the Republic of South Africa. The remaining two species, Eptesicus melckorum and Tadarida ansorgei are first records of ' occurrence for the Transvaal. The species richness of the bat fauna of the Kruger National Park, and particularly of the Pafuri area, is reviewed.

Revision of the South African genus Neopimus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4577 (2) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
JIŘÍ JANÁK
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
The South ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
First Time ◽  
African Genus

A revision of the south African genus Neopimus Özdikmen, Demir & Türkeş, 2008 is presented. Based on revision of the type and additional material, three species are recognised. The genus Neopimus is redescribed and all species are described or redescribed and illustrated, two of them for the first time: Neopimus capensis Janák, sp. nov., from Eastern Cape Province, South Africa and N. zulu Janák, sp. nov., from KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. The distribution of the genus is mapped and a key of species is presented. 

Cladocerans of the Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) group from South Africa

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 1990 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTEM YU SINEV
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
African Populations ◽  
Alona Affinis ◽  
The Republic

Study of South African populations of chydorid cladocerans in the Alona affinis-group (Anomopoda: Chydoridae) revealed two closely related species, Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) and a second, previously unknown, species A. martensi sp. n. No significant differences were seen between South African and Eurasian populations of A. affinis sensu stricto. A. martensi sp. n. differs from other species of the affinis-group by a shorter spine on the basal segment of antennal exopodite, and can be distinguished from A. affinis by a number of additional morphological characters. A. affinis is distributed mainly in the East and South regions of the Republic of South Africa, and is less frequented in this region. Confined mainly to artificial water bodies its presence may be human-mediated. A. martensi sp. n. sems to be endemic to the Drakensberg mountains within the borders of the KwaZulu-Natal Province and Lesotho.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and hypothetical transmission cycles of Trichinella infections in the Greater Kruger National Park of South Africa: an example of host-parasite interactions in an environment with minimal human interactions

Parasite ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Louis J. La Grange ◽  
Samson Mukaratirwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Transmission Cycles ◽  
Sub Saharan

Knowledge on the epidemiology, host range and transmission of Trichinella spp. infections in different ecological zones in southern Africa including areas of wildlife-human interface is limited. The majority of reports on Trichinella infections in sub-Saharan Africa were from wildlife resident in protected areas. Elucidation of the epidemiology of the infections and the prediction of hosts involved in the sylvatic cycles within specific ecological niches is critical. Of recent, there have been reports of Trichinella infections in several wildlife species within the Greater Kruger National Park (GKNP) of South Africa, which has prompted the revision and update of published hypothetical transmission cycles including the hypothetical options based previously on the biology and feeding behaviour of wildlife hosts confined to the GKNP. Using data gathered from surveillance studies and reports spanning the period 1964–2019, confirmed transmission cycles and revised hypothesized transmission cycles of three known Trichinella species (T. zimbabwensis, Trichinella T8 and T. nelsoni) are presented. These were formulated based on the epidemiological factors, feeding habits of hosts and prevalence data gathered from the GKNP. We presume that the formulated sylvatic cycles may be extrapolated to similar national parks and wildlife protected areas in sub-Saharan Africa where the same host and parasite species are known to occur. The anecdotal nature of some of the presented data confirms the need for more intense epidemiological surveillance in national parks and wildlife protected areas in the rest of sub-Saharan Africa to unravel the epidemiology of Trichinella infections in these unique and diverse protected landscapes.

scholarly journals The brush-tailed gerbille gerbillurus vallinus in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Schlitter ◽  
I.L. Rautenbach
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
The Other ◽  
Desert Rodent ◽  
Important Study ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Owl Pellets

As with many of the other national parks in the Republic of South Africa, an effort has been made to determine the species of small mammals in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park (KGNP) (Rautenbach 1971; Rautenbach and Nel 1975). An additional feature of such species inventories has been the use of owl pellets to determine the occurrence of small mammals in a given area. This has been done in the KGNP as well as other parts of southern Africa (Davis 1958; Nel and Nolte 1965; Nel 1969; Vernon 1972; Coetzee 1972). Such inventories of species of small mammals are critical as the KGNP has become an important study site for desert rodent ecology (Nel 1967; Nel and Rautenbach 1974; Nel 1975; Nel and Rautenbach 1975).

Morphological and molecular characterisation of Criconemoides brevistylus Singh & Khera, 1976 and C. obtusicaudatus Heyns, 1962 from South Africa (Nematoda: Criconematidae) with first description of a male C. obtusicaudatus and proposal of new synonyms

Nematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 961-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther van den Berg ◽  
Louwrens R. Tiedt ◽  
Sergei A. Subbotin
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Maize Field ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
First Time

During recent collections in South Africa, two species of Criconemoides were found. Criconemoides brevistylus is described and illustrated from a golf course in KwaZulu-Natal Province. It is compared with several closely related species, and three previously described species (C. helicus, C. onostris and C. paronostris) are regarded as junior synonyms of C. brevistylus. Criconemoides obtusicaudatus is described and illustrated from a maize field in Limpopo Province. The male of the species is described for the first time. Molecular characterisation of C. brevistylus and C. obtusicaudatus using the D2-D3 expansions segments of 28S rRNA and ITS rRNA gene sequences are provided. Phylogenetic relationships of these species with other Criconemoides are discussed.

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