scholarly journals Coconut Palms on the Edge of the Desert: Genetic Diversity of Cocos nucifera L. in Oman

CORD ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Lalith Perera
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Tourist Industry ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L ◽  
The City

In the Gulf region, coconuts are almost exclusively produced from palms growing in the Sultanate of Oman, particularly in the extreme south-eastern coastal plain of the Dhofar Governorate, and specifically within the city limits of Salalah, between the Jebel and the sea. The importance of these coconuts is not only agricultural; historically, the Dhofar palms provided the basic materials to build boats for fishermen and traders on, around and eventually beyond the Indian Ocean. Coconut palms are now one of the main symbols of Salalah city and play a role in both the tourist industry and urban landscaping. In early 2009, twenty-nine sites, representing Oman coconuts on beaches and cultivated lands were chosen from the Dhofar region. COGENT descriptors and DNA analysis were used for the purpose of identifying coconut germplasm available in Oman. The presence was confirmed of varieties that were imported during the 1980s, such as Yellow Dwarf, Green Dwarf and King coconut from Sri Lanka, as well as Malayan Yellow Dwarf and F1 hybrids. The local Oman Tall has the same phenotypic characteristics as other coconuts of South Asia, East and West Africa, the Caribbean and the Atlantic coast of South America. Microsatellite markers, however, reveal a substantial genetic contribution of the South-East Asian coconuts, at levels that are comparable to those found in the Comoros and Madagascar coconuts. Hypotheses about the ancestry of the Oman Tall coconuts are discussed; two genepools are indicated, consecutively involving natural selection, dissemination by floating, domestic selection and dispersal by boat.

scholarly journals Comparative DNA Analysis of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) palms with polyembryonic and monoembryonic origins

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Daisy Jane Toting ◽  
Tessie Nuñez ◽  
Dilberto Ferraren
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L ◽  
Dna Primers

Makapuno is a rare, high-value coconut in the Philippines known for its extraordinary thick gelatinous meat with various uses in the food industry. Homozygous makapuno embryos do not germinate in vivo so plantlets are produced in vitro. where one plantlet grows from an embryo. Rare cases of polyembryony were observed in makapuno hybrids developed bythe Visayas State University, Knowledge of the genetic control of polyembryony may be used to increase the production of planting materials of these rare coconut types. DNA analysis of two sets of twins (polyembryonic), three monoembryonic hybrid palms, and their monoembryonic parental cultivars Coconiño and tall makapuno was done using seven DNA primers to determine differences which may be associated with polyembryony in the hybrids. Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of PCR products showed DNA fragments amplified by primers CAC2 and CAC56 which are unique to the twins suggesting that polyembryony might have a genetic origin.

Discovery of a novel CnAMADH2 allele associated with higher levels of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) in yellow dwarf coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. 490-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reajina Dumhai ◽  
Samart Wanchana ◽  
Chatree Saensuk ◽  
Kiattawee Choowongkomon ◽  
Sugunya Mahatheeranont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

SSR markers reveal the population structure of Sri Lankan yellow dwarf coconuts (Cocos nucifera L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. J. Kamaral ◽  
P. N. Dassanayaka ◽  
K. L. N. S. Perera ◽  
S. A. C. N. Perera
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

scholarly journals First Report of a 16SrIV Group Phytoplasma Associated with Declining Coyol Palms in Honduras

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Roca ◽  
M. G. Castillo ◽  
N. A. Harrison ◽  
C. Oropeza
Keyword(s):  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Restriction Pattern ◽  
Coconut Palm ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Lethal Yellowing ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

Lethal yellowing (LY) of coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) caused by a subgroup 16SrIV-A phytoplasma has been present along the northern coast and adjacent Bay Islands of Honduras since 1996. In the southern municipalities of San Esteban and Guanaco, approximately 150 km from the Atlantic coast, substantial numbers of coyol palm (Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart.) and several coconut palms growing nearby were either dead or in an advanced stage of decline during 2005. Declining palms of both species exhibited loss of fruit, withered inflorescences, and dried, discolored (grayish brown) leaves. Most or all leaves on declining palms had collapsed and hung downward around the stem. Samples (3 to 5 g) of tissue were excised from stems of 20 coyol and 2 coconut palms. DNA was extracted from each sample using a previously described protocol (2) and assayed for phytoplasma DNA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) employing phytoplasma universal rRNA primer pair P1 (1) and P7 (4). A product of expected size (approximately 1.8 kb) was amplified from 12 of 20 diseased coyol palms, 2 of 2 diseased coconut palms and from DNA of a Florida-grown Chinese fan palm (Livistona chinensis (Jacq.) R. Br. ex Mart.) with LY symptoms included as a known positive control. Amplified P1/P7 products used in a nested PCR assay with 16SrIV-specific primer pair LY16Sf (2) and LY16Sr (5′-GCTTACGCA-GTTAGGCTGTC-3′) yielded a product of approximately 1.39 kb. Neither primary nor nested PCRs generated a product from DNA of healthy coconut palm. Poor quality of tissues within stems of declining palms may have contributed to lack of amplification of any product from eight coyol samples. A reevaluation of DNA samples using PCR employing nonribosomal primer pair LYF1/LYR1, which specifically detects subgroup 16SrIV-A phytoplasmas (3), failed to amplify an expected 1-kb product from any palm sample other than the LY positive control. Digestion of nested amplification products (1.39 kb) with AluI endonuclease and electrophoresis of digests through 8% polyacrylamide gels revealed the same three-fragment restriction pattern for all phytoplasmas detected in coyol and coconut palms. The pattern differed from the five-fragment profile of LY phytoplasma rDNA included for comparative purposes. These results indicate that coyol palm is a new phytoplasma host and that decline symptoms on coyol and adjacent coconuts were not a consequence of natural dispersion of subgroup 16SrIV-A phytoplasmas from the northern coast. The 16S rDNA sequences amplified from coyol palm decline (CPD) (GenBank Accession No. DQ321818) and coconut decline (CLDO) (GenBank Accession No. DQ321819) phytoplasmas were coidentical and most similar (99.87%) to that of Yucatan coconut lethal decline (LDY), a known subgroup 16SrIV-B strain. This relationship was further supported by phylogenetic analysis of rDNA sequences. On the basis of these findings, we have tentatively concluded that strains CPD and CLDO represent new members of the coconut lethal yellows subgroup 16SrIV-B. References: (1) S. Deng and C. Hiruki, J. Microbiol. Methods 14:53, 1991 (2) N. A. Harrison et al. Plant Dis. 86:676, 2002 (3) N. A. Harrison et al. Plant Pathol. 43:998, 1994. (4) C. D. Smart et al. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:2988, 1996.

scholarly journals Development of Self-pollinating and Early-bearing Philippine Makapuno (Cocos nucifera L.) Hybrids

2012 ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Tessie Nuñez ◽  
Edwin Ocoy
Keyword(s):  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Self ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Seed Industry ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
F2 Hybrids ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L ◽  
High Degree

The makapuno-bearing character found only in the cross-pollinated Laguna Tall coconut variety and the self-pollinating character of dwarf coconuts were combined into new makapuno genotypes through hybridization to limit cross pollination which is a problem among tall makapuno palms. F1 hybrids between Coconiño (CÑO) and tall Makapuno (TMAC) and Tacunan (TAC) x TMAC were early-bearing with high intraspadix overlapping percentages of 85.7% and 70.90, respectively. Mean makapuno yield was 26.8% in CÑO x TMAC and 28.2% in TAC x TMAC indicating the presence of high degree of self-pollination and the dominance of the gene for the trait. ln vitro grown homozygous F2 makapuno palms started flowering at 24 months old. F2 CÑO x TMAC (VMAC 1) had a mean yield of 100% makapuno, 49 to 132 nuts/palm/year and nuts weighing 332 to 750g/dehusked nut. F2 MRD x TMAC (VMAC 2) yielded a mean of 97% makapuno, 63 to 163 nuts/palm/year and nuts weighing 288 to 1,180g each. F2 TAC x TMAC (VMAC5) had 95% makapuno, nuts weighing 736g to 1,975g/ dehusked nut. High makapuno yield of the F2 hybrids affirmed the dominance of the gene for self-pollination in coconut. Ten month-old nuts of the F2s had at least 18 mm thick meat and Lauric acid (C12) content ranging from 47.10% to 48.60%. The three F2 hybrids were registered with the National Seed Industry Council (NSIC) in 2008 as the first homozygous makapuno hybrids in the Philippines.

A new species of Wallacea Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae: Bothryonopini) infesting coconut palm in the Indian Ocean Islands of Andaman & Nicobar

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4347 (2) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
K. D. PRATHAPAN ◽  
K. M. SHAMEEM
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Coconut Palm ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L ◽  
Rattan Cane ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Ocean Islands

Wallacea jarawa n. sp. infesting coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L., Arecaceae) in the Indian Ocean Islands of Andaman & Nicobar is described and illustrated. The structure of the endophallic sclerites is illustrated and used in species recognition. Borassus flabellifer L. (Arecaceae) and an unidentified rattan cane (? Calamus sp., Arecaceae) are reported as additional host plants. 

Model Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kemandirian Usaha

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-93
Author(s):  
Mudasetia Hamid ◽  
Evy Rosalina Widyayanti
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Cultural Centers ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Tourism Education ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The City

Yogyakarta is a city and the capital of Yogyakarta Special Region in Java, Indonesia. It is renowned as a center of tourism, education and culture. Yogyakarta is one of the foremost cultural centers of Java. This region is located at the foot of the active merapi vulcano. Yogyakarta is often called the main gateway to the Central Java as where it is geographically located. It stretches from Mount Merapi to the Indian Ocean. This province is one of the most densely populated areas of Indonesia. Yogyakarta is popular tourist destination in indonesia after Bali. These have attracted large number of visitors from across Indonesia and abroad to the city. This status makes Yogyakarta is one of the most heterogeneus cities in Indonesia. In edition, Yogyakarta has attracted large number of people to reside in this city for business. One of these comers is small entrepreneurs with their market munchies enterprise (specially a traditional snack trader). This business is one of famous business in Yogyakarta, we will find rows of pavement vendors selling market munchies. The students and tourists are their main target customers. Market munchies enterprise is part of small and medium enterprises SMEs as livelihood activities. SMEs has an important role in economic growth of Indonesia. Therefore, it is very important to develop and strengthen the micro enterprise empowerment. Micro enterprise empowerment is one of strategy to reduce the poverty rate in Indonesia. Major challenger in implement this program are that micro entrepreneurs are conventional and have satisfied with their revenue. It is very important to develop a comprehensive and sustainable micro enterprise empowerment which consist of strengthen the quality of human resources, maximize the government’s roles, empower the enterprise capital and strengthen the partnership and autonomous. Micro enterprise autonomy will contribute to the economic and investment climate. This will lead to establish an accountable enterprise both for the micro enterprise and customers which at the end will strengthen the development of the micro enterprise in Yogyakarta.Keyword: micro entreprise, human resources, government roles, capital, partnership and autonomous.

Growth of Dracaena marginata and Spathiphyllum ‘Petite’ in Sphagnum Peat- and Coconut Coir Dust-based Growing Media

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Stamps ◽  
Michael R. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Sphagnum Peat ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Coir Dust ◽  
Media Component ◽  
The Media ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

Abstract A comparison was made of Canadian sphagnum peat (SP) and Philippine coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) coir dust (CD) as growing media components for greenhouse production of Dracaena marginata Bak. and Spathiphyllum Schott ‘Petite’. Three soilless foliage plant growing mixes (Cornell, Hybrid, University of Florida #2 [UF-2]) were prepared using either SP or CD and pine bark (PB), vermiculite (V), and/or perlite (P) in the following ratios (% by vol): Cornell = 50 CD or SP:25 V:25 P, Hybrid = 40 CD or SP:30 V:30 PB, UF-2 = 50 CD or SP: 50 PB. Dracaena root growth was not affected by treatments but there were significant mix × media component interactions that affected plant top growth parameters. In general, the growth and quality of D. marginata were reduced by using CD in Cornell, had no effect in Hybrid, and increased in UF-2. S. ‘Petite’ grew equally well in all growing mixes regardless of whether CD or SP was used; however, plants grew more in Cornell and Hybrid than in UF-2. S. ‘Petite’ roots, which were infested with Cylindrocladium spathiphylli, had higher grades when grown in CD than when the media contained SP.

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