scholarly journals Uma leitura ética e filosófica do dano moral

Revista IBERC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-92
Author(s):  
Alexandre Pereira Bonna
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Practical Rationality ◽  
John Finnis

Aborda a hipótese de que a responsabilidade civil, na tarefa corrigir perdas imerecidas e danos injustos envolvendo dano moral - que é a violação a um interesse extrapatrimonial protegido juridicamente - pode ser fortalecida a partir de uma leitura ética. Adota como pressuposto teórico que o Direito possui duas dimensões: a factual e a ideal, na esteira do que defende Robert Alexy em Teoria da Argumentação Jurídica (2014). Apresenta que no tocante ao dano moral, na primeira dimensão (factual) existe o arcabouço jurídico dos bens extrapatrimoniais protegidos juridicamente, ao passo que na segunda (ideal) defende-se que há os bens humanos básicos, os quais complementam e fortalecem a análise dos bens extrapatrimoniais no tocante a identificação e quantificação do dano moral. Aprofunda a interface dos bens extrapatrimoniais extraídos do Direito pátrio com os bens humanos básicos formulados por Bebhinn Donnelly – em A natural law approach to normativity (2007) -, Mark Murphy – em Natural law in jurisprudence and politics (2006) e Natural law and practical rationality (2001) - e John Finnis – em Lei natural e direitos naturais (2007) e Aquinas: moral, political and legal theory (2008).

Germain Grisez and the “New Natural Law”

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Massa
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
John Finnis

This chapter is an extended examination of a revisionist approach to natural law, explored by Germain Grisez and John Finnis. Grisez and Finnis elucidated an entirely new paradigm that they believed to be both sounder intellectually than the paradigms of the neo-scholastics and revisionists and much closer in outline to the paradigm offered by St. Thomas Aquinas. This approach is usually labeled the “new natural law.” The author proposes that the entire “new natural law” project undertaken by Grisez and Finnis could be viewed as being about saving natural law by reestablishing it on distinctly different foundations that avoided any appeal to metaphysical claims, which modern science had long rejected as outdated and unscientific.

The Natural Law in Catholic Ethics

2015 ◽  
pp. 387-402
Author(s):  
Kevin L. Flannery
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
Vatican Ii ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Second Vatican Council ◽  
Vatican Council ◽  
Biblical Texts ◽  
Classical Traditions ◽  
John Finnis

This chapter presents Catholic teaching on the natural law as the product of a conversation over millennia. After offering some basic conceptual distinctions, the chapter begins by considering ancient non-Christian sources for Christian reflection on the natural law, especially Plato, Aristotle, and the Stoics. The chapter then considers relevant biblical texts and the teachings of Augustine and Thomas Aquinas. Attention is particularly played to Thomas’s adaptation of Classical traditions, and his argument concerning the unchangeablness of natural law. The final section of the chapter focuses on discussion of natural law after the Second Vatican Council (Vatican II) in the work of Germain Grisez and John Finnis.

scholarly journals Democracia, Direitos Humanos e Direito Natural: crítica à tese de John Finnis sobre o casamento homossexual | Democracy, Human Rights and Natural Law: critique of John Finnis' thesis on homosexual marriage

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-36
Author(s):  
Roger Raupp Rios
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Homosexual Marriage ◽  
John Finnis

Examina-se de modo crítico a teoria da lei natural, de John Finnis, e sua defesa contra a possibilidade jurídica de reconhecimento do direito ao casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo, a partir de dois pontos de vista: a consistência interna da do referencial finnisiano e sua adequação diante do debate sobre direitos humanos. Examinam-se também as alegações associadas à defesa finnisiana, desde a proeminência de uma dita moral majoritária e da ofensa aos sentimentos públicos, até preocupações com a “promoção da homossexualidade”, suas consequências pretensamente prejudiciais aos menores e a fragilização da instituição do casamento. Apontam-se seus limites e sua incompatibilidade em face dos ideais democráticos que suplantaram os projetos nazi-fascistas no século XX, tomando como caso emblemático a decisão da Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos no caso “Obergefell vs. Hodges”.

scholarly journals John Finnis y la defensa ética del «Rule of Law». «Natural Law and Natural Rights» y otros escritos posteriores

2020 ◽  
pp. 435-461
Author(s):  
Carlos-I. Massini-Correas
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Natural Rights ◽  
John Finnis

En el presente artículo, escrito en homenaje a los 40 años de la aparición de la primera edición de Natural Law and Natural Rights de John Finnis, se estudian varias de las versiones elaboradas por el iusfilósofo australiano para analizar, explicitar, desarrollar y defender la noción de rule of law. Luego de este desarrollo, se efectúa una valoración de las aportaciones de Finnis en este punto, en especial las referidas al carácter principalmente ético de ese instituto, y a la maestría con la que ha sabido integrar la tradición clásico-realista del iusnaturalismo, los planteos metodológicos de la analytical jurisprudence y la reflexión contemporánea sobre la idea del gobierno limitado por el derecho.

scholarly journals The relation between reason and goodness in John Finnis

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-101
Author(s):  
Douglas Flippen
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
The Will ◽  
Natural Law Theory ◽  
John Finnis ◽  
First Time

John Finnis joins Grisez in providing a new foundation for Thomistic natural law theory. To accomplish this, they closely associate good as perfection with good as to be pursued and have both senses grasped together by the practical intellect independently of the speculative intellect. The practical intellect then presents good to the will and motivates it to act for the first time. Since good as perfection is inherently speculative and since the intellect becomes practical only depending on the will, their notion of the practical intellect is incoherent and their new foundation is deeply flawed.

scholarly journals On what a theory of natural law is supposed to be

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-200
Author(s):  
Michael Pakaluk
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
Natural Rights ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
Natural Teleology ◽  
Law And Morality ◽  
The Law ◽  
John Finnis ◽  
The Many ◽  
Locus Classicus

A theory may properly be called a theory of natural law, if either it functions as such a theory is expected to function; or it has the expected content; or it is a plausible interpretation of a theory generally acknowledged to be in the tradition of natural law. It functions as such a theory if it supports appeals to natural law intended to ‘contextualize’ human law. It has the expected content, if it adverts to providential, natural teleology as the basis for a law given to us prior to convention. It would clearly be located in the tradition, and rightly accounted as such a theory, if it were a plausible interpretation of Aquinas’ Treatise on Law, which is the locus classicus for the philosophical treatment of natural law. But the ‘New Natural Law,’ first expounded in Natural Law and Natural Rights (NLNR) of John Finnis, meets none of these criteria. NLNR seems best construed, then, as a contribution to the «law and morality » debate, not a theory of natural law. It gives merely another ‘method of ethics’ along with the many others put forward in the 20th c. If so, the philosophical work needed for a persuasive, contemporary revival of natural law still remains to be done.

scholarly journals General Principles of EU Law: The Ghost in the Platonic Heaven in Need of Conceptual Clarification

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanze Semmelmann
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
General Principle ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Legal Positivism ◽  
Legal Philosophy ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Conceptual Clarification

General principles are en vogue in EU law – and in need of conceptual clarification. A closer look at several concepts of principle in legal philosophy and legal theory sheds light upon the concept of general principles in EU law. A distinction between an aprioristic model of principle and a model of principle informed by legal positivism may contribute to clarifying the genesis of a (general) principle in EU law, as well as its nature and functions. This paper demonstrates that an evolution has taken place from a reliance on seemingly natural law inspired reflections of general principles via the desperate search to ground general principles in various kinds of sources based on a more or less sound methodology  towards an increasing reliance on strictly positivistic approaches. Against this backdrop, general principles are likely to lose significance where there are other norms while retaining an important yet uncontrollable role where the traditional canon of sources is silent.

Natural Law

2019 ◽  
pp. 174-203
Author(s):  
Lenn E. Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Natural Theology ◽  
Human Freedom ◽  
Naturalistic Fallacy ◽  
Legal Positivism ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Theology And Science ◽  
Great Tradition

Natural law links moral and legal theory with natural theology and science. It is critical to thinking about God’s sovereignty and human freedom. Tracing the roots of the natural law idea, I defend the approach against conventionalism and legal positivism. For they leave human norms ungrounded. Chapter 7 opens by disarming Hume’s elenchus about ‘is’ and ‘ought’. I do not deny the reality of a naturalistic fallacy, but I do argue that facts make rightful claims on us and that the unity of reality and value central to Jewish thinking and to the philosophical great tradition does not confuse facts with values but does appreciate the preciousness of being—of life and personhood most pointedly. Once again here transcendence consorts with immanence. For we find God’s law writ subtly in nature, not least when we discover what it means to perfect ourselves as loving and creative human beings.

scholarly journals Can Constitutions or Laws Change Marriage?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-387
Author(s):  
Vanja-Ivan Savić
Keyword(s):  
Natural Law ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Amicus Curiae ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Supreme Court ◽  
John Finnis ◽  
Legal Theorist

In this article the author examines recent case of the US Supreme Court Obergefell v. Hodges in which group of academics acted as amicus curiae in explaining natural law grounds for having traditional approach to marriage as a union between one woman and one man. Author shows connection between teachings of natural law legal theorist John Finnis and his work named 'Goods of marriage' and requests for keeping 'the marriage' reserved only for heterosexual couples. Heterosexual marriage, according to Finnis, protects the family, the Judeo-Christian concept of monogamy, and other social values that we have reached through social evolution.

Part II Approaches, Ch.14 Natural Law in International Legal Theory: Linear and Dialectical Presentations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Geoff
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
International Law ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Modern Period

This chapter presents an overview of three active periods of natural law scholarship bearing on international legal theory, via two stories that illustrate these to effect. The first story relates in brief the renewed attention to natural law doctrine as part of historiographical and epistemological inquiries in international law and legal theory. The second presents still another means of understanding natural law and its ongoing role in international law, namely as a dialectic by which new conceptions and vocabularies of political organization have arisen under varying historical circumstances. The chapter then traces the role of natural law doctrine as part of a linear consolidation of liberal hegemony internationally from the early modern period forward, and offers the dialectical presentation covering the same time frame. The chapter concludes by returning to how natural law continues to contribute both to the possibility of new normative programs internationally, as well as the hegemonic.

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