scholarly journals Drugs that reduce the motility of the gastrointestinal tract

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
O. M. Bilovol ◽  
I. I. Knyazkova
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Visceral Organs ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development

Spastic reactions of smooth muscles of visceral organs play an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, the main drugs for relief of which are antispasmodic drugs. The article describes in detail the mechanisms of development of spastic abdominal pain and possible ways to correct it. The mechanisms of influence of the main myotropic antispasmodics on the gastrointestinal tract are given. Particular attention is paid to the peculiarities of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, listed indications, contraindications, features of drug interaction.

Ileoscopy in the Diagnosis of lleal Lymphosarcoma

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-129
Author(s):  
Seymour Katz ◽  
Irwin Katzka ◽  
Keith Schneider ◽  
Mervin Silverberg
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Recurrent Abdominal Pain ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Direct Visualization ◽  
Appendiceal Abscess ◽  
The Right

Recent advances in flexible fiberoptic endoscopy have permitted direct visualization of segments of the gastrointestinal tract hitherto considered inaccessible. Preoperative diagnoses of diseases of these areas are subject to the vagaries of roentgen interpretation. The following case report illustrates the value of the colonoscope in distinguishing intralumenal ileal neoplastic disease from an inflammatory process (e.g., ileitis, appendiceal abscess). CASE REPORT W. M., a 15-year-old white youth, was referred for eveluation of intermittent lower abdominal pain of six weeks' duration. Prior to his admission, he experienced cramping abdominal pain, fever, cough, emesis, and diarrhea. This gradually abated, leaving a residuum of recurrent abdominal pain which was relieved partially with fiexion of the right thigh.

scholarly journals Ileocecal Burkitt’s Lymphoma Presenting as Acute Abdominal Pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 968-972
Author(s):  
Mostafa Mosbeh Abdelmaksoud ◽  
Maram Kheder Alshareef ◽  
Alaa Osama Jamjoom ◽  
Mohamed Tarek Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Acute Abdominal Pain ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Ileocecal Region ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

Primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas are rare tumors which account for about 0.9% of all gastrointestinal tract tumors. They are usually associated with inflammatory bowel disease, previous radiotherapy, and renal transplantation. We report a case of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma involving the ileocecal region in a 46-year-old gentleman who presented with acute abdominal pain that mandated emergency laparotomy.

Gastrointestinal emergencies

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Urgent Care ◽  
Nursing Assessment ◽  
Initial Management ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Gastrointestinal Problems

Problems relating to the gastrointestinal system are frequently seen in emergency and urgent care settings. Gastrointestinal signs and symptoms may relate directing to a problem in the gastrointestinal tract or may be a feature of another disease process. For example, vomiting and abdominal pain are often seen in diabetic ketoacidosis. This chapter provides detailed guidance on how to assess a patient with abdominal pain and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Appropriate investigations are identified, with their suggested indications. The remainder of this chapter covers the nursing assessment, investigations, and initial management of a comprehensive list of gastrointestinal problems, including injuries to abdominal organs.

Role of tachykinins in non-adrenergic non-cholinergic excitation in smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 338-344
Author(s):  
V. P. Zagorodnyuk ◽  
A. �. Belevich ◽  
C. A. Maggi ◽  
M. F. Shuba
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Smooth Muscles

scholarly journals Invasive Amoebiasis: A Review ofEntamoebaInfections Highlighted with Case Reports

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Skappak ◽  
Sarah Akierman ◽  
Sara Belga ◽  
Kerri Novak ◽  
Kris Chadee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
North America ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Health Zone ◽  
Endoscopic Assessment ◽  
Colonic Biopsies ◽  
New Onset

Entamoeba histolyticainfections of the gastrointestinal tract are common in the developing world but rare in North America. The authors present two cases: one involving an individual who had not travelled to an endemic area and another involving an individual who was born in Bulgaria. Both presented with severe abdominal pain and diarrhea. Endoscopic assessment revealed scattered colonic ulcerations and one patient was found to have a liver abscess on imaging. Stool ova and parasite studies were negative in both cases and both were diagnosed on review of colonic biopsies. On review of allEntamoebacases in the Calgary Health Zone (Alberta), ova and parasite analysis found an average of 63.7Entamoebacases per year and a pathology database review revealed a total of seven cases of invasiveE histolytica(2001 to 2011). Both patients responded well to antibiotic therapy.E histolyticashould be considered in new-onset colitis, especially in individuals from endemic areas.

scholarly journals Spontaneous (Primary) Candida peritonitis

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-146
Author(s):  
Joe Sukhabote ◽  
Hugh J Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Systemic Candidiasis ◽  
Local Infection ◽  
Immunological Disorder ◽  
Candida Peritonitis

A 49-year-old female presented with abdominal pain and ascites. Subsequent investigations revealedCandida albicansin the ascitic fluid without evidence of systemic candidiasis or a source of local infection in another site. Additional studies revealed no evident underlying immunological disorder and the gastrointestinal tract was intact. Therapy with amphotericin B led to resolution of abdominal pain and ascites with no recurrence.

scholarly journals Functional disorders of the biliary tract. What a pediatrician needs to know

2018 ◽  
pp. 91-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Zakharova ◽  
M. I. Pykov ◽  
I. V. Berezhnaya ◽  
N. G. Sugyan ◽  
G. E. Zaidenvarg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Biliary Tract ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Frequency Of Contact ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development ◽  
Rome Iv

According to the frequency of contact with a doctor, abdominal pain in children is second only to respiratory diseases. Since the pain syndrome is a nonspecific manifestation of various pathologies, the doctor faces a serious diagnostic task, which is especially difficult in pediatric practice. One of the frequent causes of abdominal pain in children is a disruption of the function of the digestive tract, in particular, the dysfunction of the billiard tract. The article considers etiopathogenetic mechanisms of development of functional disorders of the biliary tract in children, classification in the light of the Rome IV consensus, modern low-invasive methods for diagnosing dysfunctions of the biliary tract. The ultrasound of the hepatobiliary zone was assessed. Questions are given for self-control.

scholarly journals A rare and interesting case of Scarabiasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2709
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Merrin Varghese ◽  
Austoria A. J. ◽  
Manju Koshy ◽  
Jithin Mathew Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Adult Beetle ◽  
Routine Examination ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Range

Scarabiasis or Canthariasis or Beetle disease is an ectoparasitic infection of the gastrointestinal tract, in which the beetles temporarily infest the digestive tract and rarely the urinary tract. Dung beetle belongs to Scarabiaediae family.  It is mostly seen in children aged between 2 to 5 years, who play outdoor for prolonged hours without undergarments. It is a temporary infestation in which early stages of development of beetle takes place in the anus and the adult beetle flies, out of the anus while defecation. A boy aged 3 years and four months presented to the pediatric OPD with complaints of peri umbilical abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, mucus in stool along with “black insects” in his stool. The clinical examination revealed that the pulse rate, blood pressure and temperature were normal. Per rectal examination and ultrasound of the abdomen was normal. Routine examination of stool and urine was also found to be normal. The beetle was identified by the medical entomologist as dung beetle belonging to family Scarabidae. This report implies that the boy had an infestation with the larvae of dung beetle in the gastro intestine. The family belonged to the high range area of Mundakayam. Agriculture is the main source of income for people and main plantation being Rubber. Natives breed cattle for their livelihood and agriculture. During contact with mud or while playing outdoors naked, he would have come into contact with the eggs or the beetle, which hatched into larvae and caused canthariasis.

scholarly journals Indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract managed conservatively with corticosteroids

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler McKechnie ◽  
Haroon Yousuf ◽  
Stephen Somerton
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Duodenal Biopsy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
History Of

An 82-year-old female presented with a 4-week history of abdominal pain, weight loss, diarrhea, and nausea. A complete infectious workup was negative. Her computed tomography (CT) scan showed no pathologic changes and her esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showed erosive damage in the duodenum. Her duodenal biopsy showed inflammation with a marked increase in intra-epithelial lymphocytes and her immunohistochemistry was consistent with indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. She was started on high dose steroids three months after the onset of her symptoms. She gradually improved with complete resolution of erosive changes on her repeat EGD.

scholarly journals Case Report: Systemic Small-Vessel Vasculitis in an Adolescent With Active Ulcerative Colitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen Bouhuys ◽  
Wineke Armbrust ◽  
Patrick F. van Rheenen
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis ◽  
Foot Drop ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ◽  
Small Vessel Vasculitis ◽  
Induction Treatment ◽  
High Dose

Introduction: Small-vessel vasculitis (SVV) is a rare immunological disease that affects arterioles, capillaries and venules. It causes purpura, but can also manifest in other organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. SVV and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) co-occur more frequently than would be expected by chance.Case description: A 16-year-old girl, who had been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) 2 years earlier at a general hospital, developed purpura, progressive abdominal pain with frequent bloody diarrhea and frontotemporal headache and swelling while on azathioprine and mesalamine maintenance therapy. Serology was positive for perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) without antiprotease- or myeloperoixidase antibodies. Endoscopy revealed active left-sided UC and atypical ulcerations in the ascending colon. Biopsies of these ulcerations and of affected skin revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Initially this was interpreted as an extraintestinal manifestation of UC that would subside when remission was induced, consequently infliximab was started. Over the next 3 weeks she developed severe burning pain in her right lower leg that progressed to a foot drop with numbness and the purpura progressed to bullous lesions. The diagnosis was adjusted to ANCA-associated vasculitis with involvement of skin, bowel and peripheral nerves. Infliximab was discontinued and induction treatment with high-dose prednisolone and cyclophosphamide was given until remission of SVV and UC was achieved. Subsequently, infliximab induction and maintenance was re-introduced in combination with methotrexate. Remission has been maintained successfully for over 2 years now. The foot drop only partly resolved and necessitated the use of an orthosis.Conclusion: Pediatric patients with IBD who present with purpuric skin lesions and abdominal pain should be evaluated for systemic involvement of SVV, which includes endoscopic evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract. We discuss a practical approach to the diagnosis, evaluation and management of systemic SVV with a focus on prompt recognition and early aggressive therapy to improve outcome.

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