Angels of History

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-34
Author(s):  
Edward Welch
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Planning Agency ◽  
Photo Book ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the relationship between modernisation, space and photography in contemporary France, and the privileged role acquired by photography as a means of portraying a sense of national identity through spatial forms. It focuses in particular on Paysages Photographies (1989), the substantial photo-book which emerged out of the work of the Mission photographique de la DATAR between 1983 and 1988. The Mission photographique was commissioned in the early 1980s by the government’s spatial planning agency, the DATAR (Délégation à l’aménagement du territoire et à l’action régionale), which had been founded in 1963 to drive forward the modernisation of French territory. Its aim was to record the consequences of two decades of spatial transformation and production in France, and by implication marking the end of a triumphant phase of activity. The chapter considers how Paysages Photographies frames and presents the spatial transformations brought about by modernisation; how it captures the impact of spatial planning on the French landscape; and the visual forms taken by planned and modernised space. It explores how different photographers responded to the environments they encountered and, like Walter Benjamin’s angel of history, create an ambivalent sense of spatial transformation as both historical wreckage and half-realised dream.

scholarly journals Zakopane i Tatry fin de siècle. Jan Kasprowicz – podróże artysty

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 309-335
Author(s):  
Klaudiusz Święcicki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Tatra Mountains ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses the process of increased interest in Zakopane and Podhale culture in the second half of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century. Discusses the problem of highlanders acquiring national identity. Characterizes the environment of the intellectual and artistic elite of Zakopane. Attempts to analyse how fascination with the Tatra landscape and highlander culture influenced the formation of one of the myths that fund modern national identity. Tries to show how the artists influenced the development of Zakopane as a holiday spa. It also shows the impact of bohemia on the transformation of the culture of highlanders in the Podhale region. The second part of the article discusses the relationship of the poet Jan Kasprowicz with Podhale. His peregrinations to Zakopane and Poronin were presented. On the selected example from creativity, an attempt was made to analyse the poet’s fascination with the Tatra Mountains and highlander culture.

scholarly journals MULTICULTURALISM AND POLITICAL INTEGRATION IN MODERN NATION STATES

2017 ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Milena Manojlović
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
The Political ◽  
Liberal State ◽  
Theoretical Position ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Philosopher ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article is an analysis of the complex relations between concept of multiculturalism and modern liberal nation states, which are based on a principle of common citizenship. Consequently, in this article we question the impact of multiculturalism on the process of integration in these societies, which inevitably brings us to a contemplation of the complex relations of modern liberal democracy and nationalism. The author presents the most influential ideas of the political philosopher Brian Barry who, as a liberal egalitarian, criticized multiculturalism from the theoretical position of liberalism that seeks to provide social justice. The structure of this paper reflects his prominent ideas on this matter. In three separate chapters, the author discusses the impact of public policies with a multicultural agenda on the equal treatment of citizens, the relationship between liberalism and assimilation and liberalism, and national identity perceived as a necessary precondition for achieving integration. The last chapter of article considers the positions of other theorists on the subject of relations between a liberal state and national identity, which leads to concluding reflections of the conception of politics as a space for self-expression.

scholarly journals A Study on the Relationship of Spatial Planning Aspects in Occurrence of Street Crimes in Dhaka City

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 11-30
Author(s):  
Urmee Chowdhury ◽  
Ishrat Islam
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Physical Planning ◽  
Street Crime ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Vehicle Theft ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Street crime, like mugging and vehicle theft, are the significant crime problems in every developing city of the world. The study area for this research is Dhaka city, which is experiencing an situation of increasing street crime. This research focuses on the relationship between spatial planning and street crimes and tries to recommend different strategies for prevention of crime and violence in the streets of Dhaka city by proposing urban design and infrastructure planning. The study tries to assess the relationship from macro to micro level through different spatial and physical planning components. For the detail level study, four Thana (police station) areas have been selected from Dhaka City Corporation area (DCC) according to their physical layout and other characteristics. In this level, the relationship is studied through the association between spatial layout and different physical planning factors like land use along with some elements of streetscape. Space Syntax methodology was applied to assess the impact of spatial configuration in occurrence of street crime with the selected four study area. In the micro level the study reveals that different types of land use with different design elements lead to change in public activity spaces which have impact on occurrence of street crimes. For the overall research the street crime data (both macro and micro level) of mugging and vehicle theft were collected from the police authority and some insecure places are identified by the local people through field survey. It is expected that the outcome of this research will unveil the impacts of spatial planning on occurrence of street crimes in a city.

Dancing in the English Style

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Abra
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
World War ◽  
Jazz Age ◽  
Ballroom Dancing ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Development Experience ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
First World

Dancing in the English style explores the development, experience, and cultural representation of popular dance in Britain from the end of the First World War to the early 1950s. It describes the rise of modern ballroom dancing as Britain’s predominant popular style, as well as the opening of hundreds of affordable dancing schools and purpose-built dance halls around the country. It focuses in particular on the relationship between two emerging commercial producers – the dance profession and dance hall industry – and the consumers who formed the dancing public. Together these groups negotiated the creation of a ‘national’ dancing style and experience, which constructed, circulated, and commodified ideas about national identity. At the same time, the book emphasizes the global, exploring the impact of international cultural products on national identity construction, the complexities of Americanisation, and Britain’s place in a transnational system of production and consumption that forged the dances of the Jazz Age.

scholarly journals Debating Europe, transforming identities: assessing the impact of deliberative poll treatment on identity

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Di Mauro ◽  
Irena Fiket
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
European Identity ◽  
Transformative Power ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Although there is a considerable amount of talk about transformative power of deliberation on identity, the debate in literature remains highly theoretical in underlying the benefits of deliberative model for EU Integration. So far, little empirical evidence is available on the actual impact of deliberation.Can deliberation enhance European identity?We specifically address this question by using deliberative polling quasi-experiment that involved random sample of 348 European citizens in 2 days deliberationon issuesof Europeanconcern.The comparison of citizens’ sense of belonging to both EU and nation states before and after deliberation, allowed us to explore the effects of deliberation on identity and further test it against the control group. The analyses show that when European citizens are enabled to deliberate on European issues beyond national borders their exclusive national identity decreases and they become more community minded. The observed transformation of identities is further analyzed in order to explore the relationship between European and national identity. The analyses indicate that even after deliberative treatment in which European identity has been activated the relationship between multiple identities remains compatible.

scholarly journals The impact of depopulation in urban areas on the development of built-up suburban areas – the case of Poznań and Skórzewo

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Piotr Zierke
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Precise Prediction ◽  
Strong Position ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The Poznań Conurbation is a place where the suburbanisation process is appearing. The spatial transformation of suburban areas indicates that the application of research-based solutions, which in theory are supposed to reduce unfavourable trends, in practice appears to be a complicated task. Problems that remain unresolved for many years, as well as mistakes that often cancel efforts to solve these problems, are the obvious confirmation of that thesis. An important factor, which affects the poor spatial situation in suburban areas, is the lack of central urban planning indices. Although each municipality that is part of the Poznań Conurbation has its own up-to-date statutory land use policy study and other documents defining the local spatial planning policy, their records frequently contain solutions that are not beneficial to the public interest or sustainable development. Problems that are mentioned in producing them, as well as the unachieved aspirations and needs of space users, contribute to increased criticism of complex urban structures, while the strong position of developers in suburban areas raises the question as to whether the area of land dedicated to new buildings, especially residential ones is not too excessive when compared with current needs. This paper presents the results of research that concerns the relationship between the depopulation of Poznań and the increase of the built-up area in the neighbouring village of Skórzewo, which is a place of massive development of residential buildings and rapidly developing enterprises. The aim of this research is to introduce a tool for a more precise prediction of future spatial development in suburban areas.

Tribe, Diaspora, and Sainthood in Afghan History

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nile Green
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
The State ◽  
Mughal Empire ◽  
Alternative Models ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Before the founding of the state of Afghanistan in the eighteenth century, the main centers of political and cultural gravity for the Pashtuns lay in India, where numerous Pashtuns migrated in pursuit of commerce and soldiery. Amid the cosmopolitan pressures of India and its alternative models of self-knowledge and affiliation, Pashtun elites elaborated a distinct idiom of “Afghan” identity. With the Afghans' absorption into the Mughal Empire, earlier patterns of accommodation to the Indian environment were overturned through the writing of history, whereby the Afghan past and present were carefully mapped through the organizing principle of genealogy. While the Afghan religious world was being reshaped by the impact of empire, in response, tales of expressly Afghan saints served to tribalize the ties of Islam. With the decline of Mughal power, the collective “Afghan” identity of the diaspora was transmitted to the new Afghan state, where the relationship of this tribal template of Afghan authenticity to the non-Pashtun peoples of Afghanistan remains the defining controversy of national identity.

Sectarian Identity in the Era of the Nation-State

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-166
Author(s):  
Fanar Haddad
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
National Level ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sectarian Identity

This chapter examines the relationship between sectarian identity, the nation-state and nationalism It challenges one of the most common and most misplaced assumptions in the field, namely that sectarian identity and national identity are opposites or that they are mutually exclusive. This misplaced assumption frames what is assumed to be a normatively positive, modern, secular and territorialized national identity as the antidote to the ills of a normatively negative, pre-modern, religious and transnational sectarian identity. All of which overlooks one of the defining features of modern sectarian identity, namely its interaction with, and refraction through, the nation-state, national identity and nationalism. Far from negating the nation-state or denying nationalism, modern sectarian competition has more often revolved around contested national truths and contested hierarchies of power within the nation-state. The chapter surveys the literature on nationalism and demonstrates its relevance to the study of sectarian dynamics at the national level. The chapter also highlights the importance of the national level by examining the impact of the advent of the nation-state on sectarian relations. To that end, a survey of sectarian relations in the medieval and early-modern periods is contrasted against sectarian dynamics in the era of the nation-state.

Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynne D. Ovalle ◽  
Rahul Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

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