scholarly journals A Study on the Relationship of Spatial Planning Aspects in Occurrence of Street Crimes in Dhaka City

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 11-30
Author(s):  
Urmee Chowdhury ◽  
Ishrat Islam
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Physical Planning ◽  
Street Crime ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Vehicle Theft ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Street crime, like mugging and vehicle theft, are the significant crime problems in every developing city of the world. The study area for this research is Dhaka city, which is experiencing an situation of increasing street crime. This research focuses on the relationship between spatial planning and street crimes and tries to recommend different strategies for prevention of crime and violence in the streets of Dhaka city by proposing urban design and infrastructure planning. The study tries to assess the relationship from macro to micro level through different spatial and physical planning components. For the detail level study, four Thana (police station) areas have been selected from Dhaka City Corporation area (DCC) according to their physical layout and other characteristics. In this level, the relationship is studied through the association between spatial layout and different physical planning factors like land use along with some elements of streetscape. Space Syntax methodology was applied to assess the impact of spatial configuration in occurrence of street crime with the selected four study area. In the micro level the study reveals that different types of land use with different design elements lead to change in public activity spaces which have impact on occurrence of street crimes. For the overall research the street crime data (both macro and micro level) of mugging and vehicle theft were collected from the police authority and some insecure places are identified by the local people through field survey. It is expected that the outcome of this research will unveil the impacts of spatial planning on occurrence of street crimes in a city.

scholarly journals FOREST CERTIFICATION AS A TOOL TO ENSURE THE BALANCE OF FORESTRY LAND USE

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stepan Dankevych
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Forest Certification ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Forest Lands ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

The problem of ensuring the balanced use of forest lands determines the search for new economic and environmental tools that can influence this process. The need to improve the certification tool as part of the financial and economic mechanism for ensuring balanced forestry land use corresponds to the directions of state policy and European integration intentions of Ukraine, modern requirements of the ecological aspect of forestry land use. The work examines the practice in the field of forest certification in Ukraine from the point of view of balanced land use. Spatial-temporal analysis and assessment of the scale and dynamics of the spread of forest FSC certification in Ukraine has been carried out. The study was formed in three stages: (I) study of changes over time in the volume of forest certification on a national scale, (II) assessment of trends over time for indicators on a regional scale, (III) study of the relationship between individual indicators. The analysis of the impact of FSC-certification of forest management in Ukraine on the environmental indicators of forestry land use based on the results of the correlation between the statistical characteristics of certain economic and environmental indicators, such as the area of certified forests, capital investments, reforestation. Analysis of statistical data showed the relationship between environmental and economic performance over time and changes in specific characteristics on a regional scale. The study makes it possible, on the basis of an objectively existing causal relationship between phenomena and indicators, to identify the course of certain positive or negative processes in forestry land use. Forest certification can play a role in maintaining a balanced use of forest lands, preventing illegal logging, forest degradation and contributing to reforestation and capital investments. The study helps to identify certain key variables that limit the ability of forestry operators to ensure balanced use of forest lands and how forest certification can affect this. Foreign experience in stimulating forest certification has been investigated for the possibility of borrowing the experience of using management tools in order to motivate forest certification in Ukraine. It has been proven that certification is a significant environmental tool for ensuring a balanced level of land use and has the potential for further development.

scholarly journals Living in precarity: Ethnography of everyday struggles of single mothers in Lithuania

Sociologija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-83
Author(s):  
Laura Lapinske
Keyword(s):  
Single Mothers ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Life Strategies ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Everyday Living

This paper presents challenges and life strategies of highly educated single mothers in Lithuania. My ethnography traces the impact on strategies of remaining in a country where exit strategies - alcoholism, suicide, emigration - prevail and seem as an ?easier? option. It is a study concerned with the relationship between precarity, single motherhood, social reproduction and everyday living. I focus on precarious living conditions, social isolation and stigmatization, unappreciated and highly gendered care-work. Based on collaborative ethnographic fieldwork material, the paper presents the micro-level attempts to negotiate what it means to be a lone care-taker, to revalorize and challenge the hegemonic narratives of individual strength and success.

scholarly journals Do Employees Matter in the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Mee Yoo ◽  
Woojae Choi ◽  
Mi Lim Chon
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Employee Commitment ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Internal Stakeholders ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the mechanism behind the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on firms’ financial performance while focusing on internal stakeholders. Although many studies have examined the effects of CSR few has empirically investigated the underlying process of the mechanism. In addition, previous research has rarely regarded employees as a link between CSR and firms’ outcomes, despite employees implementing CSR policies. This study explored the pathway of the CSR-employees-firm’s performance. Employee commitment was used to explain the relationship between CSR and performance, since it is an important employee-associated micro-level outcome of CSR. The results showed that CSR indirectly influenced a firm’s accounting profitability through enhanced employee commitment, as well as directly affected firm’s profitability. CSR increases employee commitment, which in turn leads to improvements in a firm’s accounting returns. The paper suggests that employees should be considered as an important agent for the effects of CSR initiatives.

scholarly journals Exploring the Connections between Land Use and Transportation: A Case Study of Shaheb Bazar to Rail Gate Road, Rajshahi City

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dulal Sarker ◽  
Abdur Rouf Khan ◽  
Muhaiminul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Common Technique ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rajshahi City

Abstract Land use-transportation comprehensive planning has become an increasingly common technique in regional and sub-regional planning processes. Since land use management strategies act as an effective tool to achieve transportation planning objectives, it is important to identify the relationship between land use pattern and travel behaviour. This study examined the relationship between transportation and land use in Rajshahi city. Rajshahi is a major urban, commercial and educational centre of Bangladesh. In Rajshahi, Shaheb bazaar zero points to New Market road is one of the most important roads. After construction of this road in 2013 intense development has taken place beside it. To identify this primary relationship data has been collected from different types of field survey. Then the impact of land use and transportation has been determined by comparing with the previous database. The findings of the study show that there exist a reciprocal relationship between land use and transportation system and the impacts on both. The study also notes that the impact of transportation on land use is more than the impact of land use on transportation. The study will help to control the haphazard growth and traffic congestion of the concerned area in the future.

scholarly journals Relationship between urban tourism traffic and tourism land use: A case study of Xiamen Island

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 761-776
Author(s):  
Yueer Gao ◽  
Yanqing Liao ◽  
Donggen Wang ◽  
Yongguang Zou
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Tourism ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The development of tourism leads to changes in land-use demands and patterns, which are complex and dynamic, in tourist cities. Functional differences in land use produce different travel needs and have different impacts on traffic, especially on tourism. This paper explores the relationship between tourism land use and tourism traffic. Taking Xiamen Island as an example, using multivariable linear regression models, tourism land use is divided into accommodation land use, shopping land use and restaurant land use as the independent variables of the model; and the origin-destination (OD) density of traffic analysis zones (TAZs) during National Day in 2018 (October 1 to 5) is chosen as the dependent variable. To compare the different impacts between tourism land use and tourism traffic during the tourism and non-tourism periods, the non-tourism period (March 11 to 15) is further studied. The results show the following: (1) Xiamen, as a tourism city, has not only regular traffic but also tourism traffic, and traffic during the tourism period is totally different than that in the non-tourism period. (2) Tourism land use has a considerable impact on both tourism traffic and non-tourism traffic, but the impact is greater during the tourism period than the non-tourism period. (3) In the morning peak hour of both the tourism period and the non-tourism period, accommodation land use shows prominent effects on traffic. In the evening peak hour, shopping land use significantly impacts traffic. The study provides a basis for urban tourism land use adjustment to achieve the sustainable development of tourism traffic.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Spatial Association between Land Use Change and Ecosystem Services Value: A Case Study in Xi’an, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4449
Author(s):  
Yajing Shao ◽  
Xuefeng Yuan ◽  
Chaoqun Ma ◽  
Ruifang Ma ◽  
Zhaoxia Ren
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Lulc Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gwr Model ◽  
The Relationship

The impact of land use and land cover (LULC) change on ecosystem services value (ESV) varies in different spatial locations. Although many studies have focused on quantifying the effect of LULC change on ESV, few have considered the spatial heterogeneity of the relationship between LULC change and ESV. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between ESV and LULC change from a spatial perspective in Xi’an City. We divide the study area into 10,522 grid cells, based on land cover data from 2000 to 2018, and we identify the spatial-temporal dynamics of LULC change. Next, we employ the Benefits Transfer Method (BTM) to evaluate the ESV, and the ESV is corrected by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). A geographically weighted regression (GWR) model and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model are used to assess the spatial association of LULC change and ESV. The results show that the total ESV loss is 6.57 billion yuan (Chinese yuan), and the loss rate is 12.18%. The distribution of ESV shows an obvious spatial heterogeneity, and the low-value area of ESV expands eastward from the main urban area. More than 50% of total ESV is provided by woodland. From 2000 to 2018, the land use pattern in Xi’an underwent a significant change with the developed land increasing by 64.09%, whereas farmland decreased by 12.49%. Based on the GWR model, the relationship between LULC change and ESV in Xi’an showed a significant negative association and spatial heterogeneity. Our study results provide a new way to effectively identify the relationship between LULC change and ESV, and in turn, to fully understand the ecological trends at the regional scale, laying a foundation for regional sustainable development.

Investigating the preferences of older adults concerning the design elements of a companion robot

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Hoon Oh ◽  
Jaewoong Kim ◽  
Da Young Ju
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Depression Level ◽  
Design Preferences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Companion Robots

Abstract Researchers have reported that companion robots have had positive effects on older adults with depression. However, there has been little quantitative analysis on the relationship between robot design and depression. To address this, we surveyed 191 older adults and investigated the impact of age, gender and depression level on design preferences for companion robots. We focused on toy-sized companion robots and evaluated three design elements: type, weight and material. The findings show that baby-type robots were the most preferred by older adults. They favoured the lightest weights and microfibre materials, regardless of the independent variables. Moreover, robot weight preferences varied significantly with the level of depression. Highly depressed older adults disliked heavy robots. These preliminary findings suggest that companion robots need to be designed with careful consideration of their physical characteristics and potential psychological effects.

Beauty matters: reducing bounce rate by aesthetics of experience product portal page

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqing Wang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Zhao Cai ◽  
Hefu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Deep Learning Algorithm ◽  
Image Aesthetics ◽  
Product Profile ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the impact of experience product portal page aesthetics on bounce rate.Design/methodology/approachThis research collected data from an online shop selling original design furniture on Taobao.com. It employed deep learning algorithm and manual coding to operationalize image and text aesthetics.FindingsThe empirical results indicate that text aesthetics has a U-shaped relationship with bounce rate, whereas the relationship between image aesthetics and bounce rate is insignificant. Moreover, the U-shaped relationship between text aesthetics and bounce rate is weakened by image aesthetics.Originality/valueThis study addresses an important but understudied topic – the bounce rate of experience products in the context of e-commerce. Although the high bounce rate has increasingly gained attention from practitioners, there remains a scarcity of research that addresses the effect of product portal page aesthetics in the specific context of experience products. The authors theorize product portal page aesthetics as the design elements of an e-commerce website and deeply analyzed the role of product portal page aesthetics by classifying it into text aesthetics and image aesthetics. The authors’ findings provide implications for online sellers and platforms to effectively design product profile pages to reduce the bounce rate.

scholarly journals PERUBAHAN TATA GUNA LAHAN KAMPUNG PRAWIROTAMAN KOTA YOGYAKARTA SEBAGAI DAMPAK KEBERADAAN KAWASAN KOMERSIAL (Land Use Change in Kampung Prawirotaman Yogyakarta City as The Impact of The Existence of Commercial Area)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arteks Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The People ◽  
Commercial Area ◽  
System P ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Livelihood System ◽  
Yogyakarta City

Culture has a very important essence in people's lives. Values that lead to culture seem to be the “breath” for the survival of society. A well-developed culture that can be viewed from both physical and non-physical aspects inherited from generation to generation becomes a tradition that has strong local wisdom. Yet along with its development, its existence may undergo a shift. This condition may exist because of the presence of other cultures that intentionally brought by or unintentionally emerge along with the presence of immigrants. This study aims to identify the shifts of cultural values of the people in Prawirotaman Village, especially in the aspect of community economic activities, through several stages such as: (1) Mapping changes in residential spatial planning in Prawirotaman Village; (2) Exploring economic activities changes in Prawirotaman Village. The results of the study indicate a change in governance and use of land in Prawirotaman Village. This change indeed has implications to socio-economic activities and most particularly to economic or livelihood system.

scholarly journals The Impact of a Commune’s Planning Tactics on the Landscape of Suburban Areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzbieta Zysk ◽  
Alina Źrobek-Różańska
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Order ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Spatial Strategy ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Residential Units ◽  
Planning Tools ◽  
Rural Municipalities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The article aims to present selected transformations of landscape that follow changes in land use designated by suburban municipalities. Currently, under the pressure of suburbanization, suburban rural municipalities are gradually being transformed into urban-style residential units. Modern and dense residential constructions shape the local landscape by introducing irreversible changes. Directing this process seems to be an important aim for local authorities, which should responsibly apply planning tools and carry out policies which minimize negative changes to the landscape and promote spatial order. In this respect, the paper presents the relationship between the spatial strategy adopted by a municipality and the transformations in the landscape for two selected municipalities: Dywity and Barczewo.

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