Rwanda Since 1994

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Creative Writing ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
East Africa ◽  
The Past ◽  
Law And Politics ◽  
Creative Writers ◽  
Political Narratives ◽  
New Directions ◽  
And Gender

Over the past 25 years, Rwanda has undergone remarkable shifts and transitions: culturally, economically, and educationally the country has gone from strength to strength. While much scholarship has understandably been retrospective, seeking to understand, document and commemorate the Genocide against the Tutsi, this volume gathers diverse perspectives on the changing social and cultural fabric of Rwanda since 1994. Rwandan Since 1994 considers the context of these changes, particularly in relation to the ongoing importance of remembering and in wider developments in the Great Lakes and East Africa regions. Equally it explores what stories of change are emerging from Rwanda: creative writing and testimonies, as well as national, regional, and international political narratives. The contributors interrogate which frameworks and narratives might be most useful for understanding different kinds of change, what new directions are emerging, and how Rwanda's trajectory is ongoingly shaped by other global factors. The international set of contributors includes creative writers, practitioners, activists, and scholars from African studies, history, anthropology, education, international relations, modern languages, law and politics. As well as delving into the shifting dynamics of religion and gender in Rwanda today, the book brings to light the experiences of lesser-discussed groups of people such as the Twa and the children of perpetrators.

Crafting the International Order

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
International Politics ◽  
International Order ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Legal Professionals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Law And Politics ◽  
Everyday Realities ◽  
Past 300 Years

Lawyers make politics, and international lawyers make international politics. Yet despite there being a few prominent judges and academic stars, the roles which jurists play as practitioners of international politics is often underappreciated or their juristic personas take a backseat to those of the politician and the diplomat. This volume sheds light on how lawyers over the past 300 years have made sense of, engaged in, and shaped international politics. Individual chapters show how politicians and administrators, diplomats and military men conceived of and considered their tasks in legal terms and how the large, amorphous field often described as ‘international relations’ was filled with life in the distinctly legal vernacular of laws and regulations, treaties and agreements, resolutions and conventions. The volume provides insights into what it means when concrete decisions are taken, negotiations led, or controversies articulated and resolved by legal professionals. It also enquires into how the often criticized gaps between juristic standards and everyday realities can be explained by looking at the very medium of law. Rather than sorting people and problems into binary categories such as ‘law’ and ‘politics’ or ‘theory’ and ‘practice’, the case studies in this volume reflect on these dichotomies and dissolve them into the messy realities of conflicts and interactions which take place in historically contingent situations and in which international lawyers assume varying personas.

scholarly journals Compliance with regional commitments on sexual and gender based violence in Uganda: Promoting external visibility to achieve internal viability

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-131
Author(s):  
Aggée Shyaka Mugabe
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Political Correctness ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Internal Governance ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Laws And Policies

This paper examines Uganda‘s compliance with commitments of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR) on Sexual and Gender Based Violence (SGBV). The findings show that Uganda has partially complied with these commitments mainly by incorporating them into national laws and policies. Compliance is primarily motivated by domestic factors. Firstly, it aims at addressing a real need given that SGBV is a pervasive phenomenon in this country. Secondly, and in accordance with international relations perspective, this compliance, though partial, advances additional agendas, namely (1) promoting the country‘s positive image while diverting international and regional attention from internal governance deficits including controversial presidential elections of 2011 and 2016, (2) responding to advocacy pressure from women-led organisations‘ and (3) achieving political correctness in the eyes of national and international partners.

Acquiring penmanship and writing skills from the first to fifth grade of primary school: Joined-up writing vs. Comenia Script

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Olga Kučerová ◽  
Anna Kucharská
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
The Past ◽  
School Year ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Developmental Dynamics ◽  
The Given

Abstract The project presented here deals with a typical human means of communication – writing. The aim of the project is to map the developmental dynamics of handwriting from the first to the fifth grade of primary school. The question remains topical because of the fact that several systems of writing have been used in the past few years. Our project focuses on comparing the systems of joined-up handwriting (the standard Latin alphabet) and the most widespread form of printed handwriting: Comenia Script. The research can be marked as sectional; pupils took a writing exam at the beginning and at the end of the 2015/2016 school year. The total number of respondents was 624 pupils, evenly distributed according to the school year, system of writing and gender. To evaluate handwriting, the evaluation scale of Veverková and Kucharská (2012) was adjusted to include a description of phenomena related to graphomotor and grammatical aspects of writing, including the overall error rate and work with errors. Each area that was observed included a series of indicators through which it was possible to create a comprehensive image of the form handwriting took in the given period. Each indicator was independently classified on a three-point scale. Thanks to that, a comprehensive image of the form of writing of a contemporary pupil emerged.

What If It Wasn’t Kato Who Raped Diana? Representing the Yearning for Justice in As I Stood Dead Before the World: Creative Writing from Luzira Prison (2018)

Imbizo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danson Sylvester Kahyana
Keyword(s):  
Creative Writing ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Innocent People ◽  
Creative Writers ◽  
The World

The article examines how selected works in Uganda’s first anthology of prison-authored work, As I Stood Dead before the World: Creative Writing from Luzira Prison (2018), handle one of the issues of paramount importance to inmates and their families: the possibility that convictions in courts of law are not foolproof since judicial officers are human beings and therefore susceptible to error. Drawing from four examples: two poems (Jackson O’s “Letter to Aber” and Sebuuma Gadafi’s “Twenty-Years”), one short story (Rachael Pearl Orishaba’s “A Secret”), and one short play (Jennifer Janette’s “What If It Wasn’t Kato?”), I show how different inmates imagine situations where judicial officers (prosecutors and magistrates/judges) make errors of judgement that see innocent people convicted of crimes they did not commit. The article closely reads the four selected pieces with the objective of investigating how creative writers can help judicial officers realise how important it is to turn every proverbial stone before a conviction is made.

Diversification propaganda work with foreign audiences

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4(13)) ◽  
pp. 31-50
Author(s):  
Shiyu Zhang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Relationship

Over the past decade, bilateral relations between China and Russia have attracted the attention of the whole world. As neighbors and rapidly developing countries, China and Russia are becoming increasingly important in the international arena. The strategic partnership and interaction between China and Russia occupy a significant place in the politics of both countries. Cooperation is developing dynamically in various fields, primarily in politics. After 2012, a change of government took place in China and Russia, which brought new changes to international relations. Studying the involvement of the media in this process can clarify their impact on international relations, in particular, their role in the relationship between China and Russia.

Chinese Medicine Protein and Peptide in Gene and Cell Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinlu Feng ◽  
Zifei Yin ◽  
Daniel Zhang ◽  
Arun Srivastava ◽  
Chen Ling
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Gene And Cell Therapy ◽  
Proteins And Peptides

The success of gene and cell therapy in clinic during the past two decades as well as our expanding ability to manipulate these biomaterials are leading to new therapeutic options for a wide range of inherited and acquired diseases. Combining conventional therapies with this emerging field is a promising strategy to treat those previously-thought untreatable diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has evolved for thousands of years in China and still plays an important role in human health. As part of the active ingredients of TCM, proteins and peptides have attracted long-term enthusiasm of researchers. More recently, they have been utilized in gene and cell therapy, resulting in promising novel strategies to treat both cancer and non-cancer diseases. This manuscript presents a critical review on this field, accompanied with perspectives on the challenges and new directions for future research in this emerging frontier.

Agriculture, Diversification, and Gender in Rural Africa: What Lessons Can We Learn?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Andersson Djurfeldt ◽  
Fred Mawunyo Dzanku ◽  
Aida Cuthbert Isinika
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Yield Gaps ◽  
Rural Africa ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Share

Smallholder-friendly messages, albeit not always translated into action, returned strongly to the development agenda over a decade ago. Smallholders’ livelihoods encompass social and economic realities outside agriculture, however, providing opportunities as well as challenges for the smallholder model. While smallholders continue to straddle the farm and non-farm sectors, the notion of leaving agriculture altogether appears hyperbolic, given the persistently high share of income generated from agriculture noted in the Afrint dataset. Trends over the past fifteen years can be broadly described as increasing dynamism accompanied by rising polarization. Positive trends include increased farm sizes, rising grain production, crop diversification, and increased commercialization, while negative trends include stagnation of yields, persistent yield gaps, gendered landholding inequalities, gendered agricultural asset inequalities, growing gendered commercialization inequalities, and an emerging gender gap in cash income. Regional nuances in trends reinforce the need for spatial contextualization of linkages between the farm and non-farm sectors.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
East Africa ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Refugee Protection

This introductory chapter begins by presenting the book’s structure in section A. Section B then delineates the book’s contours, outlining four aspects of refugee protection in Africa that are not addressed. Section C provides context, with a contemporary overview of the state of refugee protection in Africa. It also looks at the major aspects of the refugee situations in each of Africa’s principal geographic sub-regions: East Africa (including the Horn of Africa), Central Africa and the Great Lakes, West Africa, Southern Africa, and North Africa. Section D then concludes with an outline of the theoretical approach to regime relationships employed throughout the book.

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