The Clamart Salon

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
T. Denean Sharpley-Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Atlantic World ◽  
Black Atlantic ◽  
Ground Zero ◽  
History Of ◽  
Literary Salon ◽  
Literary Output ◽  
Rich History

This essay explores the Nardal sisters’ literary output and the twentieth-century literary salon as ground zero for debates about the multi-layered identity that is Frenchness, over and against French memory and sites of historical memorialization, histories of Negritude, and the history of French salons. It examines questions of French identity, exclusion and appropriation, gender, assimilation, and political culture as they relate to conversations at the Clamart salon and the writings of its hosts. The contrast between Frantz Fanon’s famous ‘Look a Negro!’ and its precursor found in a Paulette Nardal short story highlights the need to locate the sœurs Nardal into the long and rich history of Black France, but also to situate the salon in the broader ethos of race consciousness emergent in the Black Atlantic world of its time.

The Modern City

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIANE E. DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Political Alliances ◽  
The Social ◽  
Shifting Balance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The City ◽  
Rich History

What constitutes modern Mexico? Is there a clear distinction between the historic and modern Mexico City? And if there are, does this distinctions hold up throughout the twentieth century, when what is apparent is a mix of legacies coexisting overtime? This chapter discusses the semiotics of history and modernity. It discusses the struggle of the Mexico City to find its own image including its struggle to preserve historic buildings amidst the differing political alliances that either promote change or preserve the past. However, past is not a single entity, hence if the preservation of the rich history of Mexico is pursued, the question arises as to what periods of history represented in the city are to be favoured in its future development. In this chapter, the focus is on the paradoxes of the Torre Bicentenario and on the pressures to preserve Mexico’s past, the ways they have been juxtaposed against the plans for its future and how the balance of these views has shifted over time. It determines the key actors and the institutions who have embraced history as opposed to progress, identifies the set of forces that dominated in the city’s twentieth-century history, and assesses the long-term implications of the shifting balance for the social, spatial and built environmental character of the city. The chapter ends with a discussion on the current role played by the cultural and historical authorities in determining the fate of the city.

Deification in the Long Nineteenth Century

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-81
Author(s):  
Ruth Coates
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Expressions ◽  
Russian Religious Thought ◽  
The Church

Chapter 2 sets out the history of the reception of deification in Russia in the long nineteenth century, drawing attention to the breadth and diversity of the theme’s manifestation, and pointing to the connections with inter-revolutionary religious thought. It examines how deification is understood variously in the spheres of monasticism, Orthodox institutions of higher education, and political culture. It identifies the novelist Fedor Dostoevsky and the philosopher Vladimir Soloviev as the most influential elite cultural expressions of the idea of deification, and the primary conduits through which Western European philosophical expressions of deification reach early twentieth-century Russian religious thought. Inspired by the anthropotheism of Feuerbach, and Stirner’s response to this, Dostoevsky brings to the fore the problem of illegitimate self-apotheosis, whilst Soloviev, in his philosophy of divine humanity, bequeaths deification to his successors both as this is understood by the church and in its iteration in German metaphysical idealism.

Woolf, (Adeline) Virginia (1882–1941)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryony Randall
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Bloomsbury Group ◽  
To The Lighthouse ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Leonard Woolf ◽  
Story Writer ◽  
Literary Output

Virginia Woolf was one of the foremost literary innovators of the early twentieth century. A novelist, essayist, short-story writer and literary critic, she was also instrumental in disseminating the work of other key modernist writers, through the Hogarth Press which she ran with her husband Leonard Woolf. Author of such major works as Mrs Dalloway¸ To the Lighthouse and A Room of One’s Own, she was a key figure in the Bloomsbury Group of writers, artists and intellectuals active in the early twentieth century. Although her bouts of mental illness (culminating in her suicide by drowning in March 1941) for many years overshadowed appreciations of her literary output, she is now recognized as one of the most important figures in the literature and culture of the period, whether in terms of the feminist politics of her work, or her ground-breaking experiments with narrative form and technique.

DUTIFUL SUBJECTS, PATRIOTIC CITIZENS, AND THE CONCEPT OF ‘GOOD CITIZENSHIP’ IN TWENTIETH-CENTURY TANZANIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMMA HUNTER
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Political Society ◽  
Global History ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Good Citizenship ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACTThe growing interest in citizenship among political theorists over the last two decades has encouraged historians of twentieth-century Africa to ask new questions of the colonial and early post-colonial period. These questions have, however, often focused on differential access to the rights associated with the legal status of citizenship, paying less attention to the ways in which conceptions of citizenship were developed, debated, and employed. This article proposes that tracing the entangled intellectual history of the concept of ‘good citizenship’ in twentieth-century Tanzania, in a British imperial context, has the potential to provide new insights into the development of one national political culture, while also offering wider lessons for our understanding of the global history of political society.

Sorcery in the Black Atlantic: The Occult Arts in Comparative Perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Derby
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Atlantic World ◽  
Black Atlantic ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Comparative Framework ◽  
History Of

Three recent volumes—Parés and Sansi (eds.), Sorcery in the Black Atlantic; Paton and Forde (eds.), Obeah and Other Powers; and Sweet, Domingos Álvares, African Healing, and the Intellectual History of the Atlantic World—set a new bar for scholarship about Caribbean and Latin American sorcery, stressing its contingency as well as its transnational and cosmopolitan aspects. Their richly contextualized case studies of African-derived practices related to illness and health, as well as the quotidian experience of slaves outside the plantation, challenge the most entrenched assumptions about sorcery and extend its use to a range of social actors, not just slaves. In the process, they serve to relocate the practice of sorcery in Latin America within a broad comparative framework that includes Europe and the Americas as well as Africa.

Satirical Journalism

2020 ◽  
pp. 556-573
Author(s):  
Felix M. Larkin ◽  
James Whitworth
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Cartoons ◽  
Wyndham Lewis ◽  
Daily Mail ◽  
Visual Form ◽  
History Of ◽  
Innovative Work ◽  
Private Eye ◽  
Mainstream Press ◽  
Rich History

This chapter discusses satire, in both literary and visual form, as an element in British and Irish journalism in the twentieth century. It reviews specifically anti-establishment journals such as Dublin Opinion and Private Eye, but also considers the work of notable individual satirical journalists in the mainstream press such as D.B. Wyndham Lewis and J.B. Morton (‘Beachcomber’) in the Daily Express and Brian O’Nolan (‘Myles na gCopaleen’) and Donal Foley in the Irish Times. There is particular emphasis on political cartoons, perhaps the most popular and influential form of satirical journalism in the twentieth century. There is a rich history of cartooning in Britain and Ireland, starting with the innovative work of W.K. Haselden in the Daily Mirror and Percy Fearon (‘Poy’) in the Daily Mail, and with many outstanding later practitioners of the art – for example, David Low, Osbert Lancester, Charles E. Kelly, Gerald Scarfe, Mel Calman, Peter Brookes, Steve Bell, Nicola Jennings and Martyn Turner.

Exhibiting Russia

Experiment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-157
Author(s):  
Roann Barris
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Visual Artists ◽  
Russian Art ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theater Directors ◽  
Rich History

Abstract Although we have some first-hand accounts of visits by American drama critics and theater directors to the Soviet Union in the 1920s and 1930s, with one or two exceptions we do not know much about how American visual artists gained first-hand knowledge of the works of the Russian avant-garde at this time. Tracing the surprisingly rich history of American exhibitions of Russian art in the first half of the twentieth century, this paper examines the influence of Berlin and Vienna in shaping American exhibitions and also shows how curatorial decisions often determined which artists were associated with which movements, even when these associations would later be contradicted by historical facts. Indeed, style may be said to have played a subservient role as curators strove to associate the avant-garde with spirituality or to gain public support for starving Russian artists. Nevertheless, these exhibitions did bring significant works to the attention of American artists and the American public, revealing the significance of certain artists as well as collectors and curators in shaping the American understanding of the Russian avant-garde.

Queen Elizabeth

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Duckett
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
William Shakespeare ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
History Painting ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Paul Delaroche ◽  
Rich History

This chapter examines the 1912 feature film Queen Elizabeth as a reflection of Sarah Bernhardt's roles in the late nineteenth century and her insistence that these could remain relevant to audiences in the twentieth century. In histories of the cinema, Queen Elizabeth is a film consistently referred to as an example of “filmed theater.” The chapter considers the cinematic practices that Queen Elizabeth reveals and how the film draws upon the long and rich history of Queen Elizabeth's appearance in the theater, the visual arts, and the popular presses. It argues that Queen Elizabeth was an intelligent and creative response to the theatrical possibilities of the cinema and to the tastes and fashions of Bernhardt's day. It also discusses how Bernhardt brings to film the same practices and processes that Paul Delaroche had earlier brought to history painting. Finally, it shows how Queen Elizabeth establishes a link between Elizabeth and William Shakespeare, thus presenting itself as film that animates history.

scholarly journals “No Country for Old Men”? The Question of George Moore’s Place in the Early Twentieth-Century Literature of Ireland

Text Matters ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 25-42
Author(s):  
Joanna Jarząb-Napierała
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Irish Literature ◽  
Twentieth Century Literature ◽  
The Public ◽  
George Moore ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Literary Output ◽  
New Generation

The paper scrutinizes the literary output of George Moore with reference to the expectations of the new generation of Irish writers emerging at the beginning of the twentieth century. Although George Moore is considered to belong to the Anglo-Irish ascendancy writers, he began his writing career from dissociating himself from the literary achievements of his own social class. His infatuation with the ideals of the Gaelic League not only brought him back to Dublin, but also encouraged him to write short stories analogous to famous Ivan Turgenev’s The Sportsman’s Sketches. The idea of using a Russian writer as a role model went along with the Gaelic League advocating the reading of non-English European literature in search for inspiration. However the poet’s involvement in the public cause did not last long. His critical view on Ireland together with his uncompromising approach towards literature resulted in a final disillusionment with the movement. The paper focuses on this particular period of Moore’s life in order to show how this seemingly unfruitful cooperation became essential for the development of Irish literature in the twentieth century. The Untilled Field, though not translated into Irish, still marks the beginning of a new genre into Irish literature—a short story. More importantly, the collection served as a source of inspiration for Joyce’s Dubliners. These and other aspects of Moore’s literary life are supposed to draw attention to the complexity of the writer’s literary output and his underplayed role in the construction of the literary Irish identity.

The Concept of Sadness and distress in the poetry of Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (138) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Hazim Mohammed Hussein Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Essay Writing ◽  
Turkish People ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Literature ◽  
Turkish Society

               Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar is considered one of the successful Turkish authors in the twentieth century. Undoubtfully, he left his own print during the age he lived in. He wrote several books in several literary fields like poetry, novel, short story, essay writing and analysis. Although he wrote so many literary works in several fields, we often know him as a poet. I decide to make my research paper deal with the concept of sadness and distress which is the main subject for our paper. It reflects the nature of Turkish society. The reason behind that is the condition of sadness and pains in the Turkish history. Turkish people suffered from persecution and pain from the beginning of their settlement in central Asia. This resulted in deep wounds. Accordingly, the poet made use of sadness and agonies in his literary texts. We can also notice that Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar is a poet and scholar in the history of literature. Hence, the poet who knows his history well, he will witness more sadness and distress. This will include, without any doubts, those two concepts intensively in his works. It is noteworthy that the poet introduced a few works in this field because of his accuracy in poetry. Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar is considered one of the pioneer figures in psychology. This is why we see that the poet deals with the concept of sadness and distress in a very wonderful way in his poems. This is clear in his writings about human psychology.

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