The subject of this article is the relationship between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Jerusalem Patriarchate in 1948-1953 within the context of Soviet-Israeli relations. The designated chronological framework was not chosen by chance as it was precisely during these years that important events took place which influenced the development of the named bilateral relations: the founding of the State of Israel, the establishment of diplomatic relations, the ascertainment of Jerusalem's status, and the severance of other diplomatic relations. The Russian Orthodox Church was involved in Soviet Middle Eastern policy, the purpose of which was to strengthen ties between the Moscow Patriarchate and the Eastern Patriarchates. The methodological basis of this study is the principle of historicism, which involves taking into account specific historical conditions and events that shaped the process under study. The scientific novelty of the presented work lies in the fact that it studies the previously unexplored process of the development of the relations between the Moscow Patriarchate and the Jerusalem Orthodox Church during this period. The source base of this research is the unpublished documents from the collection of the Council for Religious Affairs under the Council of Ministers of the USSR State Archive of the Russian Federation. On the basis of an analysis of archival materials, which are also introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, the author concluded, on the one hand, that the contacts between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Jerusalem Patriarchate were maintained through the Soviet diplomatic mission in the State of Israel. This is why the state of bilateral relations influenced the relations between the Churches. On the other hand, after the severance of diplomatic relations in February 1953, the position of the Russian Orthodox Ecclesiastical Mission in Jerusalem worsened, but contacts between the Moscow and Jerusalem patriarchies were not interrupted. Representatives of the Jerusalem Church had the right to freely cross the border, as a result of which they could visit the Mission despite the state of the Soviet-Israeli relations.