Environmental and Energy Assessment of a Family House

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Turcsanyi ◽  
Anna Sedlakova ◽  
Eva Kridlova Burdova ◽  
Silvia Vilcekova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient Building ◽  
Family House

Term energy efficient building is well know from year 1991, when Austrian physicist Dr. Feist designed and built first passive house, using current physical and practical knowledge. In the next 25 years buildings using principles of energy efficient design have changed dramatically. In a good way. It is mandatory for Slovak Republic as a part of European Union to act according European parliament directives. One of directives concerns lowering total energy consumption and emissions in the building sector – Directive 2010/31/EU on Energy performance of buildings, also known as Directive “20-20-20”. According to this directive, Slovak Republic has agreed to lower total energy consumption in building industry by 20% until year 2020. Plan on lowering total energy consumption has affected creation of new – technical and energy efficient building materials with emphasis on environmental load. It this paper, ultra-low-energy family house located in Košice, Slovakia was assessed from environmental and energy point of view. With help on modern diagnostic methods and thermo- physical simulation software DesignBuilder, we will virtually evaluate energy need of house throughout the reference year, and indoor quality from the environmental point of view, such as CO2 levels and bounded energy using LCA method.

scholarly journals Measured and Calculated Energy Saving on Ventilation of a Residential Building equipped with Ground-Air Heat Exchanger

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 06074
Author(s):  
Silviana Brata ◽  
Cristina Tanasa ◽  
Valeriu Stoian ◽  
Dan Stoian ◽  
Daniel Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient Building

The significant share of energy consumption of the building sector in the total energy consumption makes it responsible for 36% of CO2 emission in the European Union. In the last decade a key objective of the EU is to improve the energy efficiency and increase the use of renewables in buildings. Ground-to-air heat exchangers can be a solution for reducing primary energy consumption from nonrenewable sources in buildings and contribute to the share of energy from renewable sources. The research in this paper deals with investigations on a ground to air heat exchanger of a pilot energy efficient building, constructed in west side of Romania. The study presents the assessment of the heating and cooling energy potential of the ground-to-air heat exchanger serving the energy efficient building. Three full years of measurements of the air temperature entering the ground-air heat exchanger and the outlet air temperature are available and were used in the study. A comparison is made between the energy potential determined based on temperature measurements and the energy potential based on calculated outlet temperatures using a computational model and conventional climate data for the building location.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT RETROFIT POTENTIAL FOR GOVERNMENT OFFICES IN INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 03-17
Author(s):  
Gazal Dandia ◽  
◽  
Pratheek Sudhakaran ◽  
Chaitali Basu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
The Cost

Introduction: High energy consumption by buildings is a great threat to the environment and one of the major causes of climate change. With a population of 1.4 billion people and one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, India is extremely vital for the future of global energy markets. The energy demand for construction activities continues to rise and it is responsible for over one-third of global final energy consumption. Currently, buildings in India account for 35% of total energy consumption and the value is growing by 8% annually. Around 11% of total energy consumption are attributed to the commercial sector. Energy-efficient retrofitting of the built environments created in recent decades is a pressing urban challenge. Presently, most energy-efficient retrofit projects focus mainly on the engineering aspects. In this paper, we evaluate various retrofitting options, such as passive architectural interventions, active technological interventions, or a combination of both, to create the optimum result for the selected building. Methods: Based on a literature study and case examples, we identified various energy-efficient retrofit measures, and then examined and evaluated those as applied to the case study of Awas Bhawan (Rajasthan Housing Board Headquarters), Jaipur, India. For the evaluation, we developed a simulation model using EQuest for each energy measure and calculated the resultant energy savings. Then, based on the cost of implementation and the cost of energy saved, we calculated the payback period. Finally, an optimum retrofit solution was formulated with account for the payback period and ease of installation. Results and discussion: The detailed analysis of various energy-efficient retrofit measures as applied to the case study indicates that the most feasible options for retrofit resulting in optimum energy savings with short payback periods include passive architecture measures and equipment upgrades.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF EXTREME TRAIN RUNNING PARAMETERS ALONG A RAILWAY LINE SEGMENT

Transport ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Jonaitis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Motion Parameters

It is possible to select train‐car draft mass and traction vehicle parameters for technical speed νt along segment sk in such a way that unitary total energy consumption related to train‐car mass would be the lowest. Such running is called extreme running while traction vehicle parameters and train‐car mass are called optimal from the point of view of energy consumption. The optimization of traction vehicle parameters is possible if a mathematical traction vehicle model is added to the running program and then vehicle parameters are made variable and added to motion parameters as subsequent decision variables within train running program. Together with the train motion parameters optimization traction vehicle parameters should be optimized according to the criterion of unitary total energy consumption related to train‐car mass. Traction vehicle optimal parameters depend on train technical speed, length and profile of segment , as well as, on train‐car mass.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Driving Strategies for Multi-Train by Optimization and Update Speed Profiles Considering Transmission Losses of Regenerative Energy

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen ◽  
Xiao ◽  
Sun ◽  
Wang ◽  
Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy ◽  
Train Speed ◽  
Regenerative Energy

This paper aims at minimizing the total energy consumption of multi-train in an urban rail transit (URT) system by optimizing and updating speed profiles considering regenerative braking power losses on the catenary. To make full use of regenerative energy and decrease traction energy consumption simultaneously, energy-efficient control strategies of multi-train and a corresponding solution method are proposed. The running process of multi-train is divided into several sections based on passenger stations. Speed profiles of each train in each section are collaboratively optimized by searching only one transition point from the optimized single-train speed profile, which can be worked out by searching the switching point of coasting mode, and the optimized multi-train speed profiles are updated based on departure orders of trains. Moreover, an electrical network model is established to analyze energy flows, and dynamic losses of recovered regenerative energy on the line can be calculated. Besides, an improved optimization strategy of multi-train, which contains seven motion phases, is presented for steep slope. Simulation results based on Guangzhou Metro Line 8 verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Total energy consumption of optimized multi-train can be decreased by 6.95% compared with multi-train adopted single-train optimal control strategy, and the energy-saving rate of 21.08% can be achieved compared with the measured data by drivers under same trip time. In addition, the influence of departure interval on total energy consumption is analyzed and the optimal departure interval can be obtained.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient UAV-Enabled MEC System: Bits Allocation Optimization and Trajectory Design

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (20) ◽  
pp. 4521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linpei Li ◽  
Xiangming Wen ◽  
Zhaoming Lu ◽  
Qi Pan ◽  
Wenpeng Jing and Zhiqun Hu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Trajectory Design ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Computing Services ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Transmission Energy Consumption ◽  
Transmission Energy

The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) enabled mobile edge computing (MEC) system is attracting a lot of attentions for the potential of low latency and low transmission energy consumption, due to the advantages of high mobility and easy deployment. It has been widely applied to provide communication and computing services, especially in Internet of Things (IoT). However, there are still some challenges in the UAV-enabled MEC system. Firstly, the endurance of the UAV is limited and further impacts the performance of the system. Secondly, mobile devices are battery-powered and the batteries of some devices are hard to change. Therefore, in this paper, a UAV-enabled MEC system in which the UAV is empowered to have computing capability and provides tasks offloading service is studied. The total energy consumption of the UAV-enabled system, which includes the energy consumption of the UAV and the energy consumption of the ground users, is minimized under the constraints of the UAV’s energy budget, the number of each task’s bits, the causality of the data and the velocity of the UAV. The bits allocation of uploading data, computing data, downloading data and the trajectory of the UAV are jointly optimized with the goal of minimizing the total energy consumption. Moreover, a two-stage alternating algorithm is proposed to solve the non-convex formulated problem. Finally, the simulation results show the superiority of the proposed scheme compared with other benchmark schemes. Finally, the performance of the proposed scheme is demonstrated under different settings.

scholarly journals Simulation-Based Genetic Algorithm towards an Energy-Efficient Railway Traffic Control

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Tuyttens ◽  
Hongying Fei ◽  
Mohand Mezmaz ◽  
Jad Jalwan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Mode Control

The real-time traffic control has an important impact on the efficiency of the energy utilization in the modern railway network. This study is aimed to develop an energy-efficient railway traffic control solution for any specified railway. In other words, it is expected to define suitable driving profiles for all the trains running within a specified period through the targeted network with an objective to minimize their total energy consumption. How to optimize the train synchronization so as to benefit from the energy regenerated by electronic braking is also considered in this study. A method based on genetic algorithm and empirical single train driving strategies is developed for this objective. Six monomode strategies and one multimode strategy are tested and compared with the four scenarios extracted from the Belgian railway system. The results obtained by simulation show that the multi-mode control strategy overcomes the mono-mode control strategies with regard to global energy consumption, while there is no firm relation between the utilization rate of energy regenerated by dynamic braking operations and the reduction of total energy consumption.

Ensemble of metaheuristics for energy-efficient hybrid flowshops: Makespan versus total energy consumption

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 100660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hande Öztop ◽  
M. Fatih Tasgetiren ◽  
Levent Kandiller ◽  
Deniz Türsel Eliiyi ◽  
Liang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Hybrid Flowshops

Design of Passive Two-Phase Thermosyphons for Server Cooling

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele L. Amalfi ◽  
Jackson B. Marcinichen ◽  
John R. Thome ◽  
Filippo Cataldo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Two Phase

Abstract The main objective of this paper is to utilize an improved version of the simulator presented at InterPACK 2017 to design a thermosyphon system for energy-efficient heat removal from 2-U servers used in high-power datacenters. Currently, between 25% and 45% of the total energy consumption of a datacenter (this number does not include the energy required to drive the fans at the server-level) is dedicated to cooling, and with a predicted annual growth rate of about 15% (or higher) coupled with the plan of building numerous new datacenters to handle the “big data” storage and processing demands of emerging 5G networks, artificial intelligence, electrical vehicles, etc., the development of novel, high efficiency cooling technologies becomes extremely important for curbing the use of energy in datacenters. Notably, going from air cooling to two-phase cooling, not only enables the possibility to handle the ever higher heat fluxes and heat loads of new servers, but it also provides an energy-efficient solution to be implemented for all servers of a datacenter to reduce the total energy consumption of the entire cooling system. In that light, a pseudo-chip with a footprint area of 4 × 4 cm2 and a maximum power dissipation of 300 W (corresponding heat flux of about 19 W/cm2), will be assumed as a target design for our novel thermosyphon-based cooling system. The simulator will be first validated against an independent database and then used to find the optimal design of the chip’s thermosyphon. The results demonstrate the capability of this simulator to model all of the thermosyphon’s components (evaporator, condenser, riser and downcomer) together with overall thermal performance and creation of operational maps. Additionally, the simulator is used here to design two types of passive two-phase systems, an air- and a liquid-cooled thermosyphon, which will be compared in terms of thermal-hydraulic performance. Finally, the simulator will be used to perform a sensitivity analysis on the secondary coolant side conditions (inlet temperature and mass flow rate) to evaluate their effect on the system performance.

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